Objective To develop a method for nou-invasive risk model that can be used in health management system and primary healthcare centers. Methods Based on systematic phenotype measurement and modified superviser-based machine learning, an applicable and low-cost method for non-invasive disease risk prediction model was developed. Invasive risk assessment model for Chinese isehemic cardiovascular diseases (ICVD) was used as a supervised standard reference to provide evidence based non-invasive model with skin resistance on 24 acupeints. Results A total of 4606 cases from a physical examination system were collected to develop the model. For those reasonable evaluation indeies, the coincidence of non-invasive with invasive risk prediction model was > 90% on average level. Conclusions This method could be used to develop non-invasive risk assessment model for the common diseases.

Taking Liaoning Medical University as an example , the paper introduces the Problem -based learning ( PBL) teaching mode into the teaching of the medical information retrieval course for graduate students .It introduces the overall design and arrangement of PBL teaching and the implementation process of teaching .By questionnaire surveys , analysis of individual retrieval reports and assess-ment of PBL teaching effects , it points out existing problems and proposes several measures for optimizing PBL teaching .

Primary hepatic carcinoma (PHC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and is the leading cause of death in China. Multidisciplinary treatment is widely accepted as the way to improve the prognosis of PHC, and non-surgical therapy now plays a more and more important role. The purpose of this article is to review the current status and progress of non-surgical treatments of PHC, such as TACE, local ablation, radiotherapy and systemic therapy.

Objective To investigate the pathological changes of ultrastructure of mucosa in various bronchial segments from type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Sixteen cases of type 2 diabetic patients were selected,2-3 pieces of bronchial mucosa and submucosal tissue of the lesion were taken from various bronchi during bronchoscopy and these samples were observed under a transmission electron microscope. Results The basal lamina of bronchial capillary were diffusely thickened and mostly showed onion-skin like change,protein deposited around and mixed with basal menbrance;irregular highly electron dense materials were found to deposite around capillary,capillary lumen became narrow or even collapsed,neutrophilic leucocyte marginated in lumen and adhered with endothelium;protein deposited in the interstitial;endothelial cells and pericytes had dark cell changes.The cistern of rough endoplasmic reticulum dilated and vesicle formed.Conclusion Bronchial mucosa and its surrounding tissues show characteristic pathological changes of diabetes,bronchial is also the target organ of chronic diabetic damage.

BACKGROUND:With the development of tissue engineering technology, repairing large-area bone defects using tissue-engineered bone has become a hot spot.
OBJECTIVE:To introduce the bone tissue engineering seed cel s, cytokines, as wel as the characteristics of scaffold materials and their vascularization.
METHODS:With the key words of“bone tissue engineering, scaffold, vascularization”in Chinese and in English, respectively, a computer-based search of articles published from January 2000 to January 2012 was performed in CNKI and PubMed databases. Articles with the summary of bone tissue engineering, bone tissue engineering scaffolds and scaffold vascularization were included.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The selection of seed cel s, application of cytokines, scaffold material performance and degree of vascularization in bone tissue engineering has an important influence on the repair of bone injuries. Appropriate seed cel s is the study foundation in bone tissue engineering, cytokines serve as catalysts, and scaffold materials with good three-dimensional structure can promote cel growth and proliferation, tissue ingrowth, osteogenesis and vascularization. Each scaffold has its own inadequacies, so the combination of a variety of materials can reach a combined effect to meet the clinical demand. In addition, it is important to actively seek new material preparation technology and improve the existing methods, in order to create a more excel ent scaffold. But the vascularization is stil a major test for bone tissue engineering. Current methods to promote vascularization of tissue-engineered bone have some defects. For examples, the use of growth factors to promote vascularization can lead to disease progression in patients with metabolic abnormalities during;microsurgical techniques for tissue engineering bone vascularization are easy to cause trauma and deformity at other parts, which is not conducive to the patient’s physical rehabilitation.

Congenital cataract is responsible for approximately one tenth of childhood blindness worldwide.Generally,cataract includes three inheriting types:autosomal dominant,autosomal recessive or X-linked.The identified genes so far for hereditary cataracts in both human and animal model mainly include encoding structural lens protein,gap junction protein,membrane protein and regulatory protein involved in lens development.Crystallins are the major structural protein of the lens.Mutation in the crystallin genes can result in lens opacity.Understanding of the mechanism of hereditary cataract may also be helpful for us to understand the involvement of environmental and nutritional factors in the process of lens opacification.The function of the crystallins proteins,the mutations in crystallin genes and associated phenotypes are summarized.

Objective To study the effect of chitosan on the growth of the in vitro cultured retinal nerve cells. Methods The retinal nerve cells of SD baby rats were cultured in vitro. The effects of chitosan at 0.065%,1.25%,2.5%,5%,10%,15% on the growth of the retinal nerve cells were measured by MTT method. The blank control group was created. Results 1.25%,2.5%,5%,and 10% chitosan could obviously promote the growth of retinal nerve cells,and 10% chitosan was the optimal concentration for the growth of nerve cells. Conclusion Chitosan can effectively promote the growth of retinal nerve cells,and it is necessary to undertake the further study of Chitosan.

Technology and technique of coronary artery stent have been developed to a certain degree, restenosis rate of metal stent reduces to 15%, but coronary artery stent is still difficult for long-term effect of interventional therapy on coronary atherosclerotic heart disease. Drug-eluting stent is newly discovered during recent years, while it is prospect for preventing restenosis postoperatively. Although clinical efficacy of drug-eluting stent is encouraged, indication is still simple. In addition, some events related to drug-eluting stent remain poorly unknown. This study was designed to compare security between drug-eluting stent and metal bared stent, analyze major factors correlated with security of drug-eluting stent, and investigate the development of drug-eluting stent.

Objective To investigate health behavior level and self-efficacy in patients underwent coronary artery stent implantation,and to discuss the relationship between health behavior and self-efficacy and to offer proof to the intervention strategy of health behavior.Methods HPLP Ⅱ,self-efficacy questionnaire were used as main tools.106 patients underwent coronary artery stent implantation were investigated.Statistics analyses were performed using the Statistical Package for Social Science(SPSS)13.0.Results (1)The score of total HPLPⅡwas 130.08±21.25,the range of that was 84～180.The health behavior level of47.2%patients was general or worse,and that of 52.8%patients was good or better.(2)The score of self-efficacy was 71.37±16.32,the range of thatwas 38～110.(3)There were significant positive relationship in the scores of total HPLP Ⅱ and the six elements,and self-efficacy.The correlation coefficient was 0.389～0.916(P＜0.01).Conclusion The health behavior level of patients underwent coronary artery stent implantation was not in an ideal state.Self-efficacy has a positive effect on health behavior.The importance motivating factor should be attached to nursing practice and education by medical staff,and medical staff should establish and supervise to carry out corresponding intervention measure.