Notch signaling pathway plays a vital role in cell fate decisions. Notch signals are transferred among adjacent cells through Notch receptors and their ligands, which can regulate differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis of many cell types including stem cells. They can also influence organ formation and morphopoiesis. Genetic mutations in the Notch signaling pathway are related to the emergence and development of many diseases. Notch signaling pathway is increasingly becoming important drug targets for cancer, hereditary disease such as CADASIL and other related diseases. It is also used to develop stem cell therapeutics to treat age or trauma related degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson disease and diabetes.

With the development of cartilage tissue engineering, how to achieve an ideal scaffold has become the difficult and hot spot in this study field. The scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering should provide with some special physical and biochemical properties, such as excellent biocompatibility, proper biodegradability, controlled porosity, adequate pore size and so on. Such properties are closely related to two factors, one is the materials used for scaffolds, the other is the fabrication technology. This review is concentrated on the present common fabrication technologies of three-dimensional porous scaffolds, and mainly introduces the following technologies: solvent casting/particulate leaching, phase separation/freeze-drying, hydrogels, gas foaming, electrospinning and rapid prototyping manufacturing. Those fabrication technologies' effects on structure and properties of scaffolds have been compared to summarize and analyze the advantages and disadvantages of every fabrication technology, and simultaneously prospect the developing tendency of fabrication technology in cartilage tissue engineering.

Objective To study MRI features of solid-pseudopapillary tumors of pancreas(SPTP).Methods MR findings of 3 patients with histopathologically proven SPTP were retrospectively analyzed.Results The mean diameter of these tumors was 4.5cm(3.5～8cm).One tumor was predominantly composed of cystic portions,2 tumors were composed of predominantly solid and some cystic portions.Fibrous septa was seen in cystic area in 1 case.One cystic tumor showed low signal intensities on T1WI and high singal intensities T2WI.The solid portions of mass showed moderate hypointensity on T1WI,and moderate hyperintensity on T2WI,and heterogeneous obvious enhancement on T1WI MRI in 2 cases.Conclusion There are some characteristics in MRI manifestation of SPTP.The disease might be correctly diagnosed combined with the clinical feature,and should be differentiated from nonfunctioning islet cell tumor,mucinous cystadenoma or cystcarcinoma of the pancreas,etc.

The enzyme,as a biocatalyst,can not be surpassed in speeding up the reactions by other common chemical catalysts under the suitable conditions and can catalyze the reaction mildly,simplify the facilities needed,improve the work conditions,and reduce the production costs,etc.Those are its advantages mentioned above.But while the enzyme is extracted outside the cells,the molecular conformation may be changed with decreasing its bioactivity and stability seriously.As one type of physical energy,(ultrasonic) wave with lower intensity and suitable frequency can make the conformation of enzymatic molecular comformation transform positively and the transforming reactions accelerate so as to facilitate the effective constituents of Chinese materia medica and natural products transforming.

80 years)in China is increasing.As a special type of hypertension,the hypertension in the very elderly has some specificities in pathogenesis,clinical manifestation,treatment and prognosis.The topic to effectively cure and prevent hypertension in the very elderly is increasingly emphasiced.This article presents an overview of recent progress in clinical characteristics,and treatment strategy related to hypertension in the very elderly.

ObjectivesTo study the current status of child neglect and its inlfuencing factors in children aged 3-6 years in rural Henan.MethodsScales and evaluation methods in the Chinese rural child aged 3-6 years neglected eval-uation model were applied in this study. The neglect rate and the neglect degree were used to describe the neglect status of rural children aged 3-6 years in Henan. The inlfuencing factors for child neglect were also analyzed. ResultsThe total neglect rate in 450 enrolled children was 37.1% (167/450). The total neglect degree was 51.9±6.5. The boys had signiifcant-ly higher neglect rate than girls (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in neglect degree between boys and girls (P>0.05). There were significant differences in neglect rate and neglect degree among the different age groups (P<0.05), the higher neglect rate and higher neglect degree over age. The neglect rate and neglect degree in nuclear families and fam-ilies with three generations were lower than those in single-parent families and remarried families (P<0.05). The neglect rate and neglect degree in non-only children were higher than those in only children (P<0.05). The left-behind children had signiifcantly higher neglect rate and neglect degree than children living with parents (P<0.05). Based on multivariate logis-tic regression analysis, the risk factors of child neglect were single-parent families (OR = 4.78, 95%CI : 2.10-10.87) and remarried families (OR=4.53, 95%CI : 1.99-10.01). The protective factors of child neglect were parents working on sci-ence (OR = 0.20, 95%CI : 0.10-0.67) and living with parents (OR = 0.03, 95%CI : 0.00-0.54).ConclusionsThe neglect status is serious in Henan rural children, particularly in left-behind children.

A semantic predication network was developed by processing the documents on schizophrenia into se-mantic predication sets using SemRep, from which the core information was extracted to produce a graphic summary which was consisted of highly cohesive cliques.The automatic methods for summarizing biomedical documents were studied using the network properties combined with semantic information.The subthemes in the summary obtained by clustering were evaluated according to the clique co-node matrix and the contents of the summary were assessed according to the reference criteria.The accuracy was 0.93, the recall was 0.68, and the F-value was 0.79 for the summary, indicating that this method can effectively recognize the core information in documents and the semantic information in network graphics.

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effect of Erlong Xizhu acupuncture for retinitis pigmentosa. Methods Sixty patients with retinitis pigmentosa were randomly divided into an Erlong Xizhu acupuncture group and a conventional acupuncture group, 30 cases in each one. In the conventional acupuncture group, Tongziliao (GB 1), Sizhukong (TE 23), Taiyang (EX-HN 5) were acupunctured as the main acupoints by uniform reinforcing-reducing manipulation; acupoints based on syndrome differentiation were coordinated by acupuncture manipulation of reinforcing deficiency and reducing excess. The treatment in the Erlong Xizhu acupuncture group was the same as that in the conventional group, except acupuncture manipulation at the main acupoints replaced by Erlong Xizhu acupuncture. In the two groups, treatment was given once a day, 10 days as one session and there were 2 days at the interval between sessions. The change of the vision and visual field and the efficacy were observed after 3 sessions in the two groups.

RESULTSThe total effective rate on enhancing the vision of patients in the Erlong Xizhu acupuncture group was 93. 10% (54/58), which was superior to 81. 36% (48/59) in the conventional acupuncture group (P<0. 01). And the effective rate on improving the visual field was 91. 38% (53/58) in the Erlong Xizhu acupuncture group, which was better than 83. 05% (49/59) in the conventional acupuncture group (P<0. 01). On the comprehensive effect, the effective rate was 90. 00% (27/30) in the Erlong Xizhu acupuncture group, which was better than 63. 34% (19/30) in the conventional acupuncture group (P<0. 05).

CONCLUSIONThe clinical effect of Erlong Xizhu acupuncture is superior to that of conventional acupuncture for retinitis pigmentosa and it is worthy of promoting.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retinitis Pigmentosa ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Vision, Ocular ; Young Adult

Objective To analyse subtyping of iscbemic stroke by the criteria of Trial of Org 10 172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST), its distribution, and relationship between TOAST subtypes, its risk factors and recurrence. Methods Clinical data of 441 patients of ischemic stroke were collected prospectively during October 1, 2006 to September 30, 2007. All the patients were classified by TOAST criteria into five major subtypes and followed-up for one year since its first episode. Dates of its recurrence and death due to recurrence were recorded. Results All the 441 patients with ischemic stroke could be subtyped etiologically according to TOAST criteria as follows: etiology undetermined in 42.3 percent, small-vessel occlusion in 30.9 percent, large-artery atherosclerosis in 17.3 percent, cardioembolism in 9.3 percent, and others in 0.2 percent, without statistically significant difference in its gender and age distributions. Recurrence rate of iscbemic stroke in one year since its first episode for varied subtypes was 33.3 percent for cardioembolism, 14. 6 percent for etiology undetermined, 13.7 percent for large-artery atherosclerosis and 6.9 percent for small-vessel occlusion, respectively. There was no significant difference in risk factors for varied subtypes of iscbemic stroke, including history of smoking, hypertension, diabetes, cardiac disease, and serum levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fihrinogen and glucose. Conclusions Varied subtypes of iscbemic stroke had different risk factors and recurrence rate by TOAST criteria, which can be used as an etiologic classification for its secondary prevention.

The immune tolerance or immune escape plays important roles in the genesis and progression of malignant gynecological neoplasms.Human leukocyte antigen G(HLA-G)is an important member of major histocompatiblity complex class Ⅰ.HLA-G seems to affect almost every aspect of human immunity.It can inhibit immunological function,and play an important role in immune escape of malignant gynecological neoplasms.