The experiment was carried out to inquire about the possibility of strain selection and improvement in Lentinus edodes through protoplast formation and mutagenesis by UV. Mycelial growth rate, yield, and period of fructification of 105 selected regenerants from UV-treated protoplasts have been measured and compared with their parents. Several selected regenerants achieved some better qualities such as higher yield and earlier fruiting. Several repeated cultivations of these regenerants reconfirmed their new capacities. The results indicated that protoplast formation and mutagenesis are the potential methods for strain selection and improvement in edible fungi.