The ultrastructure of EC cells in the goose intestine was studied by means of antibody-colloid gold technique with high specific rabbit anti-5-hydroxytryptamin serum.Electron microscopic observation showed that the EC cells were characterized by markedly pleomorphic secretory granules (round, ovoid, pyramidal, rod-, pear-and kidney-shaped etc.). Most of the secretory granules showed high electron density with heterogeneous internal structure, but many with central cavitation and a few with central dense body and less dense in the periphery. The bounding membrane of secretory granules adhered closely to the cores. In duodenum, the EC cells can be grouped into two populations, one with smaller secretory granules and the other with larger. The EC cells with smaller granules were predominant in duodenum. In caecum, the maximum diameter of the secretory granules of EC cells was larger than that of duodenal EC cells. Many long cytoplasmic processes of EC cells, shaped 'leg-foot' like, were observed in caecum. The processes began at the basal part of EC cells and extended along the basement membrane.

Objective To investigate the selection and efficacy of operative medality for pancreatic transec-tion with major duct injury. Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed in 21 patients with pancreatic disruption. They were treated in our hospital from Jan. 1995 to Feb. 2009. There were 14 males and 7 females in these cases with a mean age of 26 years (range 9-53 years). The trauma causes of them were blunt injuries in 13 and patent injuries in 8 cases. The injury grade (according to American Association for the Surgery of Trauma) distribution for these patients was grade Ⅲin 8 cases, grade Ⅳ in 8 cases, and grade V in 3. The early emergency operation was performed in eighteen within 12 hours, and delayed opera-tion was in three cases. Of these operative medalities, Roux-en-Y distal panereatojejunostomy was in 10 ca-ses, pancreatoduodenectomy was in 3, modified duodenal diverticulizatian was in 2, distal pancreatectomy was in 3, tube installing in major duct and external drainage, and suture of pancreatic section was in 2, su-ture of two broken sides in 1 (Roux-en-Y distal pancreatojejunostomy in second time). Results Twenty patients were cured, and one was died after a procedure of pancreatoduodenectomy. The postoperative pan-creatic fistula happened in 3 cases and recovered well with conservative line of management. Conclusions For improving the outcome of pancreatic transection, the earlier exploratory laparotomy and carrying out concept of "Damage Control Surgery" are critical. The individual operative modality based on the grade should be a-dopted in the surgical procedure.

Objective To summarize the experience in diagnosis and management for severe and complicated pancreatic trauma. Methods The clinical data of 21 patients with severe pancreatic trauma treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Of the 21 with a mean age of 26 (9-53), 14were male and 7 female. The causes of trauma were blunt injuries in 13 and patent injuries in 8 of them. The injury grade distribution for these patients was grade Ⅲ in 8 cases, grade Ⅳ in 8, and grade V in 3. The main diagnostic modalities included amylase measurement, ultrasonography, CT,endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) etc. All patients received surgical procedures. Roux-en-Y distal pancreatojejunostomy was performed in 10 patients, pancreatoduodenectomy in 3, modified duodenal diverticulization in 2, distal pancreatectomy in 3, tube installing in major duct and external drainage, and suture of pancreatic section in 2, and suture of two broken side respectively (delayed distal pancreatojejunostomy in the second time) in 1. Results Pancreatic injury was confirmed in 11 cases preoperatively and intraoperatively in the others. The early emergency operation was performed in 18 patients within 12hours, and delayed operation was done in 3 cases. Twenty patients were cured and 1 died after a procedure of pancreatoduodenectomy. The postoperative pancreatic fistula happened in 3 cases and recovered well with conservative line of management. Conclusion The diagnosis of severe and complicated pancreatic trauma is difficultly yet, so the earlier exploratory laparotomy should be suggested. The individual surgical modality based on the grade should be adopted in the operation and the concept of "Damage Control Surgery" should be carried out in the procedure. Extended operation should be avoided.

Objective To understand the distribution of iNOS in the ovary, oviduct and uterus of mouse(2 5 days of pregnancy). Methods Immunohistochemistry(LSAB) was used in this study. Results iNOS occured in the luteal cells of all detected ovaries. In the oviduct tissues, iNOS was only found in the mucosa. It also appeared in the epithelia of endometrium and the metrial glands of all detected uterus. In the decidua of both day 4 and day 5 pregnant mice and the day 5 embryo surface, there are the presence of iNOS. Conclusion iNOS can be found in the ovaries,oviducts and uterus during 2 5days of pregnant mice, which suggests that iNOS plays a role in the development of early mouse embryos and the implantation.

Objective To detect the changes of immune cells in mouse uterus induced by SA 30(a Con A binding glycoprotein isolated from bovine sperms), and then reveal the influence of SA 30 immunization on the development of early mouse embryos. Methods The CD4 +、CD8 + and CD57 + cells in uterus of SA 30 immunized or control female Kunming mice were detected by immunohistochemical method(LSAB). Results On 3 day of pregnancy, much more CD4 +、CD8 + and CD57 + cells occurred in the uterus of SA 30 immunized mice than those of the control mice. On the other hand, the positive cells were found both in the endometrium and myometrium of immunized mice, but only in myometrium of control mice. Conclusion SA 30 can induce the cell mediated immune responses in mouse uterus, which may be toxical to the early embryos.

Objective The experiment was conducted to explore the influence of progesterone antagonist\|RU486 on the macrophages in the uteri of pregnant mice and its relevance to pregnancy. Methods On day 4 and day10 of gestation, each mouse was subcutaneously injected with 150mg/L of RU486 (treatment group) or the same volume of saline (control group). The macrophages were immunohistochemically identified in the uterus 12, 24, 36?h after injection. Results Injection of RU486 on day 4 gestation had completely blocked the implantation of blastocysts. A large number of macrophages were found in the endometrium, myometrium and blood vessel layer 12～36?h after RU486 injection, which was significantly higher than that of the control groups ( P

Objective To study the management of vascular injury.Methods Retrospective analysis was made on the clinical data of 59 cases of vascular injury,including 55 cases of vascular injury in neck and(extremity) and 4 cases of portal vein and vena cava injury.Among them,21 cases had femoral artery injury with infection and 4 cases had vascular injury due to intervention therapy.All patients with vascular wound of extremity or neck had undergone hemostasis by compression and antishock treament before hospital admission.All cases of femoral artery injury with infection underwent hemostasis by arterial ligation and incision and(drainage) of abscess.Vascular anastomosis was performed in 11 cases,vascular grafting in 12 cases,and(vascular) repair in 14 cases.Results There were 2 deaths.5 cases had amputation(including a case of(femoral) embolism due to intervention trerapy).Postoperative intermittent claudication,decreased skin(temperature) and other signs of ischemia occurred in 21 cases of femoral artery injury with infection,but none developed limb gangrene. The other cases were discharged in good health.Conclusions In the treatment of vascular injury,wound hemostasis and antishock treatment should be done first to save the patient′s life and the management of the vascular injury depends on the situation,with the aim to try by all means to save the extremity.Vascular reconstruction is the main method for treatment of vassular injury.Vascular ligation can be done in cases of femoral artery injury with infection.

Objective To summarize the experience in the diagnosis and treatment of hepatic trauma. Methods The clinical data of 260 patients with hepatic trauma admitted from January 1988 to December 2007 were retrospectively reviewed with regard to degree of trauma, treatment methods, therapeutical effects, complications and SO on. Results One hundred and fifty-three eases were treated by operative management,1 07 cases by nonoperative management.236 cases were cured,24 cases died,and the case fatality rate was 10.2%.There were no death among 139 patients with hepatic trauma grades Ⅰ～Ⅱ,22 death among 119 grades Ⅲ～Ⅴ patients, all death of 2 in grade VI, which demonstrated the correlation between death and hepatic trauma grade was statistically significant. Complications appeared in 82 eases, mainly including Secondary hemorrhage, abdominal infection and so on. Conclusions Nonoperative management is suitable for hepatic trauma with stable hemodynamics. Operative management is rapidly selected when the hemodynamics aren't stable. The cooperation of many specialities can enlarge the application of nonoperative management and decrease complications.

Objective:To explore the application value of individualized three-dimensional (3D) printing positioning guides in localization and resection of intracranial lesions.Methods:Fifteen patients with intracranial space occupying lesions underwent resection in our hospital from March 2021 to May 2021 were selected in our study. Brain images by CT and MRI as raw data were used to design individual positioning guides. The positioning guides were placed on the patient's skin before resection to mark the location and boundary of the lesions with a marker, and neuro-navigation was used to verify the accuracy. During the resection, the location of the lesions was identified through microscope by the surgeons. Postoperative CT and MRI were used to evaluate the lesion resection.Results:The individualized positioning guides of 15 patients fit the skin well, and the skin incision and bone window were designed to meet the surgical requirements. All surgeries were completed in one time, and the lesion tissues were successfully removed. During the surgeries, the skin incision was not adjusted for secondary expansion. Brain MRI reexamination within 48 h of surgery showed that the lesions of 11 patients with tumors were removed satisfactorily (total resection in 9 and subtotal resection in 2); brain CT reexamination within 12 h showed that the clearance rate of hematomas in 3 patients was above 80% and that in 1 patient was 70%. No patients had cerebrospinal fluid leakage, intracranial hematoma, intracranial infection or other serious complications. All patients recovered well during the 1-3 months of outpatient/telephone follow-up.Conclusion:The positioning method with personalized 3D printing guides is simple and convenient, enjoying accurate positioning results, which can assist the clinicians to optimize the preoperative planning, optimize the surgical incision design, and is worthy of promotion and application in primary hospitals.