Objective To explore the techniques and clinical effects of surgical treatment for supratentorial hypertensive intracerebral hematoma (HICH) by modified minicraniotomy approach and bone fragment reduction.Methods The clinical data of 87 patients with supratentorial HICH in our department from April,2009 to April,2011 who received modified minicraniotomy approach and reduction of bone fragment were retrospectively reviewed.Results Of the 87 patients,three died,and the remaining 84 cases were followed up.According to the ADL( activities of daily living) scale,the patients were classified:Twenty-six cases in grade Ⅰ,28 in grade Ⅱ,22 in grade Ⅲ,6 in grade Ⅳ and 2 in grade Ⅴ.Conclusion The surgical procedure of modified minicraniotomy approach and reduction of bone fragment for treatment of supratentorial HICH has some advantages such as miniinvasion,good exposure,wide visual field,complete clearance of hematoma,integrated skull,and less complications.It is a perfect surgical procedure for supratentorial HICH.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of ethambutol(EMB)and isoniazid(INH) in children’s plasma. METHODS:After precipitated with acetonitrile,plasma samples were determined by UPLC-MS/MS method. Using lamivudine as internal standard,Waters ACQUITY? UPLC HSS T3 column was adopted with mobile phase consisted of ace-tonitrile-water(containing 0.05% formic acid and 15 mmol/L ammonium formate)in gradient mode at the flow rate of 0.2 ml/min. By ESI,positive ion detection was conducted in MRM mode. The monitoring transition ion-pair was m/z 205.2→116.0 for EMB, m/z 138.1→121.1 for INH and m/z 230.2→111.9 for internal standard. RESULTS:The linear range of EMB and INH was 10-5 000 ng/ml and 50-5 000 ng/ml,respectively;the limits of quantitation were 10 and 50 ng/ml;RSDs of inter-day and intra-day were all lower than 15% and relative recoveries were 98.7%-105.5%. Plasma concentrations of EMB and INH in 4 children with tuberculo-sis were 94.5-99.7 and 55.1-80.9 ng/ml. CONCLUSIONS:The method is rapid and sensitive,which suitable for children’s plasma concentration monitoring of EMB and INH and pharmacokinetic study.

Objective To explore the effect of Chinese herbal medicine formula "tonifying kidney plus strengthening vital energy" on regulating CD40, CD40L protein and mRNA expression in spleen cell in mice with SHENXU. Methods The interaction of CD40L expressed by activated T cells with CD40 on monocytes, macrophages, or B cells is essential for the production of IL-12 and other cytokines. An experimental model of mice with SHENXU by corticosterone was established to observe the effect of Chinese formula on CD40, CD40L protein and mRNA expression in spleen cells or in ConA stimulated spleen cells by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results No significant differences were found among 5 groups of mice about the CD40 and CD40L protein expression in spleen cells. Both CD40 and CD40L expression detected by immunohistochemistry decreased seriously in ConA induced cells from SHENXU mice (18.9%?3.3% vs 15.8%?2.3%) as compared to that of normal controls(29.7%?4.2% vs 23.3%?1.3%), and so did the mRNA expression on ConA stimulated cells from SHENXU mice. They were restored in different degrees when the SHENXU mice were cured by different Chinese medicine. The effect of "tonifying kidney plus strengthening vital energy" was stronger than that of "tonifying kidney" and "strengthening vital energy" alone. Conclusions "Tonifying kidney plus strengthening vital energy" enhanced the expression of CD40, CD40L mRNA and protein, and this may be one of the mechanisms of improving the status of immune inhibition resulted by Corticosterone.

Objective To test the expression of five cancer metastasis associated genes indu ced by arsenic trioxide. Methods The expression of CD44,p53,nm23 ,H-r as and PCNA induced by arsenic trioxide were examined by immunohistochemistry me thod . Results Arsenic trioxide induced decrease of the expression of C D44,p 53 and PCNA in gastric cancer cells,and the expression of nm23 and H-ras were not changed by As_2O_3. Conclusions Arsenic trioxide inhibits the metastasis of gastric ca ncer cells through reducing the expression of cancer metastasis associated gene s.

Objective To discuss the clinicopathologic and imaging features of multilocular cystic renal eell carcinoma(MCRCC). Methods The data of 8 cases(5 men and 3 women)MCRCC classified according to 2004 WHO criteria were reviewed retrospectively.The tumor was incidentally found in 5 out of 8 cases.Renal ultrasound and CT scans were available in all 8 cases.CT or enhanced CT scans showed a well-defined cystid mass with irregular thickening wall or septa in 7 cases,without visible nodules found.For treatment,open or laparoscopic radical and partial nephrectomy was done in those cases. Results Postoperative pathological findings confirmed the diagnosis of MCRCC.The mean greatest diameter of the tumors was 5.6 cm.Microscopically,the wall and septa lined by one or several layers of clear cells were observed in all cases.The TNM stage of all 8 cases was T1 N0 M0.For pathologic grade,7 cases were G1 and 1 case was G2.Seven patients were followed up and remained tumor free during the average time of 8 months. Conclusions MCRCC is an uncommon subtype of RCC,it has a lower malignant potential and a better prognosis compared with other types of RCC according to the literature.Nephron-sparing surgery may be an appropriate treatment option for MCRCC.

This study was performed in the Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Department, North China Coal Medical University from November 2005 to May 2006. The effective components in the Ruyi jinhuang san power were extracted with alcohol according to the solubility of the main components in Ruyi jinhuang san. The medical film prepared with chitosan was investigated by comparing with that prepared with Poly (vinyl alcohol). The content of the constituents such as curcumin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, and berberine in the film were determined with high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The drug release in vitro of film was determined by Paddle method. Alcohol was an efficient agent for extracting the main components in Ruyijinhuang san, compared to the other solvents. The release rate of rhein in the film was very well, using the release rate of Rbein as an evaluation index. Ruyijinhuang san film prepared with chitosan was flexible and had characteristics of sustained-release in vitro.

BACKGROUND:Inducing factor and chondrogenic microenvironment is a primary factor, which influences chondrogenic differentiation and chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). OBJECTIVE:To explore the feasibility of in vivo chondrogenesis by co-culture of bone marrow-derived MSCs and chondrocytes. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING:A randomized controlled animal experiment was performed at Department of Pathology, Stomatological Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University of Chinese PLA between September 2004 and March 2005. MATERIALS:Fifteen New Zealand rabbits of clean grade were used for cell-scaffold construct transplantation. The rabbits were randomly divided into co-culture, chondrocyte, and bone marrow-derived MSC groups, with 5 rabbits in each group. Five neonatal New Zealand rabbits, aged 1-3 days, were used for isolation and culture of bone marrow-derived MSCs and chondrocytes. Polyglycolic acid (PGA) scaffold material (Shanghai Yikuo Company, China) has a fiber diameter of 15 μm, with an average interval of 150-200 μm, an interval porosity of 97% and 2-mm thickness. METHODS:In the co-culture group, bone marrow-derived MSCs and chondrocytes were mixed at a ratio of 3:1. The mixed cells were seeded onto a pre-wetted PGA scaffold (5 mm×5 mm )at the ultimate concentration of 6.0×1010 L-1. Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) supplemented with fetal bovine serum was dropwise added to peripheral compound for 1 week of culture. In the chondrocyte, and bone marrow-derived MSC groups, chondrocytes and bone marrow-derived MSCs of the same ultimate concentration were seeded respectively onto the PGA scaffold. Then, the cell-scaffold constructs were transplanted into subcutaneous tissue of adult rabbits. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Gross observation and hematoxylin-eosin & Masson staining of neo-cartilage were performed after in vivo culture for 8 weeks. RESULTS:Cell in all groups had a fine adhesion to the scaffold. In both co-culture and chondrocyte groups, the cell-scaffold constructs could maintain the original size and shape during in vivo culture and formed homogenous mature cartilage after 8 weeks of in vivo culture. Furthermore, the neo-cartilages in both groups were similar to each other in gross appearance and histological features. In the bone marrow-derived MSCs group, connective tissue rather than cartilage was found during in vivo culture. CONCLUSION:Chondrocytes can provide a chondrogenic microenvironment to induce a chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived MSCs and thus promote the chondrogenesis of bone marrow-derived MSCs in vivo.

Gene chips can detect the expression of thousands of genes simultaneously.In this article,gene chips,as a screen apparatus and an imaging apparatus,were depicted according to its main uses.As a screen apparatus,in most researches,on account of different objects,the differential genes were screened by using experimental samples or tissues/cells on different times and different dosage;as an imaging apparatus,gene expression profile was used to discriminate different physiological and pathological characters in different tissue in order to diagnose a disease,which was good for vast data towards application.For bioinformatics analysis on data,at present,some cluster analyses such as non-supervised cluster,k-means and SOM are common analytical means,which presume the function of unknown genes by assisting experimental effects of chips through different algorithms,and judge pathogenesis,diagnose and treated target of diseases.In a word,gene chips is not only a kind of simple molecular biology technology,but also brings us from the period of acquiring knowledge to the period of dealing with information,which provides necessary preparation for researches from decomposed analysis to systemic biology.

OBJECTIVE:To detect the expressions of five gastric cancer cell metastasis associated genes induced by arsenic trioxide METHODS:The expressions of CD44,P53,nm23,H-ras,PCNA induced by arsenic trioxide were examined by immunohistochemistry method RESULTS:Arsenic trioxide induced the decrease of the expressions of CD44,P53,PCNA in gastric cancer cells;the expressions of nm23 and H-ras were not changed by As2 O 3 CONCLUSION:It is tentatively proved that the antineoplastic action of As2 O 3 may be related to the down-regulation of CD44,P53 and PCNA

Objective To summarize the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MS),its components and T1 stage with high grade urothelial carcinoma (HGUC) of the Bladder.Methods The clinical data of 200 patients with T1 high grade bladder cancer who were admitted to our hospital from January 2010 to June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed,including 155 males and 45 females.Ages were 24 to 86 years old,average 66 years old.Based on the history or blood glucose levels,patients were divided into diabetic group (n =41) (20.5％) and non diabetes group 159 cases (79.5％);According to the body mass index (BMI) were divided into obese group (≥25 kg / m2) of 98 cases (49.0％) and non obese group (＜ 25 kg / m2) of 102 cases (51.0％).According to the blood pressure level,71 cases (35.5％) were divided into hypertension group and 129 cases of non hypertension group (64.5％).MS and its components and the relationship between the recurrence and progress of bladder cancer were analyzed.The Kaplan Meier method was used to assess MS and its components division of tumor progression free survival (progress-free survival,PFS) and recurrence free survival (recurrence-free survival,RFS) influence.Cox regression model of multi factor analysis were used to evaluate the PFS and RFs of MS and its components with bladder cancer.Results Of the 200 cases,16 cases (8.0％) were MS.Tumor recurrence occurred in 121 cases (60.5％),and 84 patients (42.0％) were in progress.Diabetes and non diabetes groups the average RFs were 21.7 and 29.3 months respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =10.115,P =0.001);The median PFS were 32.8 and 39.8 months respectively,the difference has statistical significance (x2 =14.760,P ＜0.001).Obese group and non obese group average RFs were 34.7 and 42.0 months respectively,and the difference were statistically significant (x2 =16.077,P ＜ 0.001);The median PFS were 22.8 and 32.6 months respectively,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =16.174,P＜0.001).The average RFS of MS group and non MS group were 21.5 and 28.4 months respectively,the difference was statistically significant (x2 =5.429,P =0.02);the average PFS was 35.1 and 38.7 months respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 =3.854,P ＜ 0.05).Cox multivariate survival analysis showed that diabetes and obesity can increase the risk of recurrence and progression of T1 advanced stage bladder cancer (HR =1.792,P =0.013,HR =2.498,P ＜ 0.001;HR =0.559,P ＜ 0.001;HR =0.492,P ＜ 0.001).Conclusions Diabetes mellitus and obesity are high risk factors for the recurrence and progression of T1 advanced stage bladder cancer,but MS is not related to the prognosis of T1 patients with advanced bladder cancer.