A bacterial strain DN25, effective on cyanide-degradation, was isolated from contaminated soil and identified as Alcaligenes sp. on the basis of phenotype analysis and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. It showed great tolerance to the cyanide, which can grow in the medium containing 500mg CN -/L. The suitable condition for the cell growth and boitransformation was pH8.0 and 30oC and the transformation rate for 500mg CN - /L could achieve 99% in 10 h. It has also been found that the screened strain had the ability of K 4Fe(CN) 6 transformation with 96% of transformation rate at 12 h for the concentration of 500 mg CN /L.

OBJECTIVETo investigate clinical effects of auricular acupoint (AA) in the treatment of analgesia during perioperative period in total hip arthroplasty.

METHODSFrom March 2008 to August 2010, 60 patients with late osteonecrosis of the femoral head were treated by total hip arthroplasty and randomly divided into auricular acupuncture (AA) group and control group, 30 patients in each group. There were 11 males and 19 females in the AA group,with an average age of (60.93 +/- 5.90) years; the patients were treated with auricular acupuncture on the point of Shenmen, Subcortex, Kidney and hip joint for four times a week. There were 12 males and 18 females in control group, with an average age of (59.87 +/- 6.21) years; while the patients without auricular acupuncture. VAS score was used to evaluat the degree of pain; Harris score was used to evaluat the function of hip joint. All patients received patient controlled analgesia pump (PCA) for 48 hours after surgery (400 ml liquids were in PCA pump, including 800 mg tramadol and 0.8 mg fentanyl). The dosage of liquids and adverse reaction of PCA pump in different time were recorded.

RESULTSThe VAS score on the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 7th day separately was (3.61 +/- 0.29), (3.59 +/- 0.30), (2.97 +/- 0.26), (2.29 +/- 0.45), and lower than control group, which separately was (4.19 +/- 0.28), (4.00 +/- 0.31), (3.15 +/- 0.29), (2.83 +/- 0.31). The dosage of PCA in AA group separately was (72.27 +/- 8.06), (60.40 +/- 8.16), (44.13 +/- 4.75), (40.40 +/- 3.69), and less than control group, which was (86.27 +/- 8.51), (73.87 +/- 8.32), (54.53 +/- 5.20), (44.67 +/- 6.31) on the time of 0-12, 12-24, 24-36 h and 36-48 h after surgery. During the using of PCA, nausea and vomiting occurred in 5 cases, less than control group (21 cases). Harris score in AA group (78.90 +/- 5.14) was higher than control group (73.37 +/- 5.99) 2 weeks after operation.

CONCLUSIONAuricular acupuncture can reduce postoperative pain, reduce the usage of analgesic and complications, such as nausea and vomiting, improve the function of hip joint after operation.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Acupuncture, Ear ; Adult ; Aged ; Analgesia, Patient-Controlled ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain Management ; Pain, Postoperative ; therapy ; Perioperative Period

Objective To investigate the expressions of octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4) and phosphorylated-protein kinase B (p-Akt) proteins in colorectal cancer and their clinical significances, in order to explore the roles of Oct4 and p-Akt in the staging and grading of colorectal cancer. Methods Immunohistochemical technique was used to examine the expression of Oct4 and p-Akt proteins in 78 cases of colorectal cancer in Wuxi Second Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Wuxi First People's Hospital from January 2011 to December 2016. Relationship between expressions of Oct4 and p-Akt proteins and clinicopathological parameters were analyzed. Results The positive rate of Oct4 in tumors was 74.36 % (58/78), which was obviously higher than that in normal tissues [35.90 % (20/78), χ2= 23.32, P < 0.01]; and the positive rate of p-Akt in tumors was 67.95 % (53/78), which was obviously higher than that in normal tissues[28.21 %(25/78),χ2=24.68,P <0.01].The double positive and negative expression rate of these two proteins accounted for 80.8 %(63/78), with a linear positive correlation (r= 0.455, P < 0.000 1). In 78 cases of colorectal cancer, the expression of Oct4 protein was correlated with histological grade, lymph node metastasis, and Duke staging (all P < 0.05), and the expression of p-Akt protein was correlated with histological grade and lymph node metastasis (both P < 0.05). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the expression of Oct4 protein was related to histological grade and Duke staging(both P<0.05),and the expression of p-Akt protein was only related to lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). Conclusion The combined detection of Oct4 protein and p-Akt protein has reliable and important clinical significance for judging the histological grade,lymph node metastasis and Duke staging of colorectal cancer.

Objective In this study,we investigated the relationship between oxidative stress,selenoproteins level and onset of Keshan disease (KD) through detecting the expression of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxy guanosine (8-OH-dG),thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1) and glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx1) in myocardial tissue.Methods Myocardium samples of autopsy patients including 8 cases of KD (KD group included 4 acute KD and 4 chronic KD) and 9 cases of non-KD (control group) were immunohistochemically stained for 8-OH-dG,TrxR1 and GPx1.The staining intensities subsequently quantified by using Olympus Image-Pro Plus 6.0 software.Results The positive rate of 8-OH-dG expression in myocardial nuclei was higher in the case group[(68.6 ± 20.4)％] than that of the control group[(2.4 ± 1.5)％,t =8.515,P ＜ 0.05].In addition,the positive rate of 8-OH-dG expression in acute KD[(91.7 ± 3.7)％] was significantly higher than that of chronic KD[(53.2 ± 7.9)％,t =6.409,P＜0.05].The distribution of TrxR1 and GPx1 was not associated with the distribution of myocardial damage.The expression of these two selenoproteins in KD group (401340 ± 59865,497590 ± 197082) were both lower than that of control group(2790300 ± 379298,1348400 ±615840; t =-28.493,-6.016,respectively,all P＜0.01).Conclusions Oxidative damage is detected in myocardium tissue of KD,and 8-OH-dG expression is associated with the degree of myocardial damage in KD.Selenoproteins,TrxR1 and GPx1,may be closely related to the pathogenesis of KD.

Objective To investigate the myocardial damage in rats fed with corn from Keshan disease area added with bean puree. Methods Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups according to their body weights, and fed with corn, corn from Keshan disease area added with bean puree, corn from non-endemic area. The GSH-Px activity of vena cardalis blood was examined in 1 and 3 months, rats were sacrificed after being fed for 6 months to examine the heart changes with HE stain. Results The three groups of GSH-Px activity were different in 1 and 3 months respectively(F=23.60,72.46, all P<0.01); GSH-Px activity was (181.58±22.15), (44.76±28.59)U/L in rats fed with corn, was (195.03±17.66), (30.38±3.35)U/L in those fed with corn added with bean puree from Keshan disease area, lower than the group fed with corn of non-endemic area[(340.90±95.42), (125.17±13.64)U/L, all P < 0.01]. But the difference of GSH-Px activity between simple corn group and corn adding bean puree groups of Keshan disease area was not obvious(P>0.05). Myocardial damage incidence of the three groups was 3/9,1/9,2/7. Difference among three groups did not have statistical significance(χ2=1.33, P> 0.05). Conclusions Only corn from Keshan disease area may induce myocardial damage pathology change. Adding bean puree into corn does not increase damage.

Objective To study the effects of selenium(Se) and protein on cardiac morphology and expression of cellular glutathione peroxidase(GPX1 ) and mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase(TR2) in rat myocardial tissue.MethodsSixty healthy weaning male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups by two factors two levels factorial design(n =15).Drinking water was divided into two levels of Se-deficient(0 mg/L) and Se-adequate (0.25 mg/L); diet was divided into two levels of protein-deficeient (10％ protein and 0.008 mg/kg Se) and protein-adequate(20％ protein and 0.015 - 0.026 mg/kg Se).The rats were killed after feeding for one year.Pathological changes in myocardial tissues were observed under light microscope.The expression of GPX1 and TR2 in rat myocardial tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting.Results Compared between groups,the difference of the rate of myocardial necrosis in rats was statistically significant(x2 =11.04,P ＜ 0.05),in which Se-deficient protein-deficient group [66.7％ (8/12) ] was significantly higher than Se-adequate proteinadequate group [ 7.1％ ( 1 / 14),x2 - 11.06,P ＜ 0.05 ].GPX 1 positive rates in Se-deficient protein-deficient group,Se-adequate protein-deficient group,Se-deficient protein-adequate group and Se-adequate protein-adequate group were 0(0/12),81.8％(9/11 ),10.0％(1/10) and 100.0％(14/14),respectively,in rat myocardial tissue determined by immunohistochemistry.Of which,Se-adequate protein-deficient group and Se-adequate protein-adequate group were significantly higher than Se-deficient protein-deficient group and Se-deficient protein-adequate group(x2 =12.88,8.14 and 35.89,32.60,all P ＜ 0.05).The positive expression rates of TR2 in rats myocardial tissue of the four groups were 0(0/12),81.8％(9/11),0(0/10) and 100.0％(14/14),respectively.Of which,Se-adequate proteindeficient group and Se-adequate protein-adequate group were significantly higher than Se-deficient protein-deficient group and Se-deficient protein-adequate group (x2 =28.67,18.25 and 35.89,32.60,all P ＜ 0.05).The four groups'results of the overall mean of the relatively value of protein expression of GPX1 in cardiac tissue by Western blotting were 0.87 ± 0.13,1.18 ± 0.13,0.95 ± 0.13 and 1.74 ± 0.23,respectively.Through analysis of variance of factorial design,the effects of Se and protein on protein expression of GPX1 in the heart were statistically significant(F=124.93,43.16,all P＜ 0.05).And there was interaction between them(F=24.10,P＜ 0.05).The four groups'results of the overall mean of the relatively value of protein expression of TR2 in cardiac tissue by Western blotting were 0.63 ± 0.19,0.97 ± 0.24,0.55 ± 0.08 and 1.03 ± 0.31,respectively.Through analysis of variance of factorial design,the effect of Se on expression of TR2 in the heart was statistically significant(F =36.97,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions Adequate Se and protein diet can increase the levels of GPX1 and TR2 in the heart compared to deficient Se and protein diet,can enhance anti-oxidizing ability,protect the myocardial endothelial cells,reduce degree of myocardial injury,and the combined effects of both are better.

Objective To explore the relationship between myocardial damage and antioxidant capacity in vivo of Keshan disease patients and to analyze the possible pathogenesis. Methods In the period from 2005 to 2006, 41 chronic and latent Keshan disease cases were chosen as the case group from such serious endemic areas as Yongjin Village, Xinfa Village of Fuyu County, Fuan Village of Shangzhi County, Xinghuo Village of Wudalianchi County, 61 healthy people from the same area as internal controls, 48 healthy people from Xianglansan Village of Wangkui County, an un-endemic area, as external control. Fasting peripheral venous blood was collected from all the people. And blood selenium, glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) and suporoxide dismutase.(T-SOD) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were examined. Results Blood selenium level of the patient group [(34.80±13.30) μg/L], GSH-Px[(104.10±34.19)U/L]and T-SOD[(92.16±17.98)×103 U/L]actives were significantly lower than the internal control group [(41.24±13.57)μg/L, (118.57±25.49)U/L, (104.82±13.56)×103 U/L]and the external control group [(48.33±16.51)μg/L, (155.00±24.01)U/L, (108.48±12.73)×103 U/L], respectively, with a statistically significant difference(all P < 0.05). MDA level of the patient group[(7.12± 1.37)μmol/L]was higher than that in the internal control group[(5.36±1.18)μmol/L]and the external control group[(5.22±0.83)μmol/L]with a statistically significant differences(both P < 0.05). The blood selenium level, GSH-Px activity of internal control group was resoectively lower than that in the external control group, the differences being statistically significant(beth P < 0.05). Conclusions Selenium deficiency may lead to reduced antioxidant capacity and enhanced oxidative damage in Keshan disease patients in vivo. There may be a certain relationship between oxidative stress disorder and myocardial damage of Keshan disease.

Objeetive To explore the effects of ischemia postconditioning(IPC)on ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury and associated reperfusion injury salvage kinase(RISK)signal transduction palthways changes in isolated mouse hearts.Methods Langendofff perfused C57/BL mouse hearts were divided to 6 groups:(1)control:30 min global ischemia and 2 h reperfusion(I/R);(2)IPC with 3 episodes,IPC with 3 episodes of 10 s of ischemia and 10 s reperfusion after 30 rain ischemia and before 2 h reperfusion:(3)IPC with 6 episodes,IPC with six episodes of 10 s of ischemia and 10 s reperfusion after 30 min ischemia and before 2 h reperfusion:(4)delayed IPC,IPC with 3 episodes of 10 s of ischemia and 10 s repeflusion after 30 min ischemia and at one minute after reperfusion;(5)IPC+ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059(10-5mol/L for 15 min);(6)L/R+ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059(10-5mol/L for 15 min).The effects of IPC on hemodynamics,coronary artery flow,creatine kinase(CK)and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)release,myocardial SOD,MDA,phospho-protein kinase(P-ERK1/2)and phospho-protein kinase B(P-Akt)as well as myocardial infarction size were measured.Results IPC with 3 episodes and IPC with 6 episodes significantly and equally improved myocardial function,increased myocardial SOD,reduced CK and LDH release and myocardial infarction size compared with IR group(all P＜0.01)while these parameters were similar between I/R hearts and delayed IPC hearts.IPC significantly increased myocardial ERK1/2 phosphorylation.PD98059 inhibited the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and abolished the cardioDrotective effects induced by IPC.Conclusions IPC obviously attenuated I/R injury in isolated mouse hearts,the cardioprotection of IPC was not enhanced because of increasing of IPC episodes and disappeared in delayed IPC.The cardioprotective effects of IPC were mediated through ERK1/2-MAPK signal transduction pathway.

BACKGROUNDPulmonary thromboendarterectomy (PTE) has evolved as a treatment of choice for chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH). This study aimed to characterize if pulmonary oligemia maneuver (POM) can alleviate pulmonary artery injury during PTE procedure.

METHODSA total of 112 cases of CTEPH admitted to Beijing Anzhen Hospital from March 2002 to August 2011 received PTE procedure. They were retrospectively classified as non-POM group (group A, n = 55) or POM group (group B, n = 57). Members from group B received POM during rewarming period, whereas members from group A did not.

RESULTSThere were three (5.45%) early deaths in group A, no death in group B (0) (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.118). Six patients in group A needed extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as life support after the PTE procedure, no patients in group B needed ECMO (Fisher's exact test, P = 0.013). The patients in group B had a shorter intubation and ICU stay, lower mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) and pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR), higher partial pressure of oxygen in artery (PaO2) and arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and less medical expenditure than patients in group A. With a mean follow-up time of (58.3 ± 30.6) months, two patients in group A and one patient in group B died. The difference of the actuarial survival after the procedure between the two groups did not reach statistical significance. Three months post the PTE procedure, the difference of residual occluded pulmonary segment between the two groups did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.393).

CONCLUSIONPOM can alleviate pulmonary artery injury, shorten ICU stay and intubation time, and lower down the rate of ECMO after PTE procedure.

Adult ; Endarterectomy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Artery ; injuries ; Retrospective Studies