Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is a member of cytokine superfamily.Recent studies reveal that the abnormality of TGF-β1 and its receptors is strongly related to genesis,progression and prognosis of lung cancer.It plays an important role in early diagnosis,stage and assessment of treatment and prognosis of lung cancer.

General practitioners from community health service institutions in Shijingshan,Mentougou,Haidian,Chaoyang,Fengtai and Dongcheng Districts of Beijing were selected to take the examination of chronic wounds management.Questionnaire survey was also performed on the status of community chronic wounds management,medical service motivation,influencing factors and their demand for training.Among 204 general practitioners,55 (27.0％) had mastered basic knowledge,98 (48.0％) passed the examination and 51 (25.0％) failed.The results showed that 179 (87.7％) had changing dressing service,36.8％ offered out-patient consulting service,17.6％ performed surgical debridement,only 10 (4.9％) provided home chronic wounds care service and 2 (0.9％) of them carried out long-term follow-up.According to the motivation survey,all the practitioners expressed the willingness to help the patients and win their trust.Most of the practitioners claimed no supporting from their institutions(91.7％) and chronic wounds management was excluded from daily routine.Furthermore,heavy work load(82.8％) and lack of professional knowledge(80.9％)were also considered to be main obstructive factors.The survey showed that the majority of physicians required classroom teaching (90.1％),case analysis (86.8％),operating video (92.6％) and other teaching forms.More low level doctors(97.1％)had the desire to pursue further specialist training than higher level physicians (56.7％).The results of our investigation indicate that general practitioners in community heath service institutions have strong learning motivation for chronic wounds management and systematic training of knowledge and practical skills in this field should be provided.

[Objective]To assess whether calcitonin exerts an chondroprotective action in unstable knees which induce experimental osteoarthritis and its effect to MMP-1.[Method]Twenty 6-month New Zealand rabbits underwent anterior cruciate ligament transaction(ACLT) and were divided into two groups (ACLT group and ACLT+CT group) randomly after transaction on day 7 postsurgery. ACLT+CT group rabbits received a daily subcutaneous injection of salmon calcitonin at a dose of 5 IU per kg of body weight for six weeks.ACLT group were treated with the normal saline at the same dose. All animals were sacrificed 7 weeks postsurgery. The articular cartilage degeneration of medial femoral condyle was evaluated at mascroscopically and microscopically. The mRNA expression and tissue level of MMP 1 was detected by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.[Result]Cartilage degradation in ACLT group was significantly more severe than that in ACLT+CT group both in microscopic grading scale and in Mankin's grading scale (P

Intraparotid facial nerve schwannoma (IFNS) is a rare benign tumor. The management of IFNS is very challenging because of the lack of appropriate methods for preoperative diagnosis, which is often conducted intraoperatively in most cases. This article reviewed the literature on IFNS recorded in PubMed from 1958 to 2014 and described in detail its clinical manifestations, diagnoses and differential diagnoses, and treatment options. Accurate diagnosis for IFNS mainly depends on intraoperative observation and postoperative histological examination. Preoperative facial nerve function, localization, and adherence, as well as preferences of IFNS patients are important factors to consider in the decision-making process for IFNS management to optimize the outcomes. Surgical resection is usually reserved for patients with facial function of House-Brackmann grade III or worse; otherwise, conservative treatment can be adopted.
Cranial Nerve Neoplasms ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Face ; Facial Nerve ; Humans ; Neurilemmoma ; Postoperative Period ; Retrospective Studies

Aim To investigate the effects of ampelopsin on induction of apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma Bel-7402 cells.Methods Bel-7402 cells were treated with ampelopsin with different concentrations for 24,48 and 72 h.The cell proliferation was detected by MTT assay.The morphological change of cells was observed through microscope observation by fluorescence staining.DNA fragmentation was visualized by agarose gel electrophoresis.The apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry.The expressions of caspase-3,Bcl-2 and Bax protein were detected by Western blot.Results Ampelopsin inhibited the proliferation of Bel-7402 cell line in a dose-and time-dependent manner.The IC50 values were 89.6?16.1,36.2?6.5 and 15.3?3.0 mg?L-1 at 24,48 and 72 h,respectively.The fluorescence microscope showed clearly cell apoptosis with apoptotic body.Agarose gel electrophoresis result showed that Bel-7402 treated with ampelopsin produced a DNA ladder band.The sub-G1 peak was detected and resulted in dose-and time-dependent increasing of the population of sub-G1 DNA content by flow cytometry.The expression of Bcl-2 protein was down-regulated,while the expression of Bax protein was up-regulated.The pro-caspase-3 protein was down-expressed and activated.Conclusions Ampelopsin could inhibit Bel-7402 proliferation through inducing cell apoptosis.The mechanism might be that ampelopsin could directly or indirectly enhance the level of anti-apoptosis protein Bcl-2 and decrease the level of apoptosis protein Bax.The pathway of pro-caspase-3 activated was initiated and effector caspase-3 was sequentially activated.

Objective To study the expressions of Connexin43 (Cx43) and B-cell lymphoma/leukemia-2 (Bcl-2) proteins in the ventricular myocardium of human fetus,and explore the correlation between the expression of the two proteins and the development of fetus myocardium.MethodsThe expressions of Cx43 and Bcl-2 protein in the ventricular myocardium of human embryos were immunohistochemically detected in the second,third and fourth month of gestation,respectively,by strepto-avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (SABC) and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (ABC) technics.ResultsThe positive expression of Bcl-2 protein was detected in one or two cells in the ventricular myocardium of human embryos in the second month of gestation.With the advancement of fetal age,the number of Bcl-2 positive cells increased gradually and distributed in clusters in the ventricular myocardium of human fetus in the fourth month of gestation.The cells with positive expression of Cx43 protein were detected and scattered in dots-like structure in the cytoplasm of myocardial cells in the ventricular myocardium of human embryos in the second month of gestation.With the advancement of fetal age,the distributing region of Cx43 protein extended gradually,and the Cx43 protein positively expressed in the membranes between ventricular myocardial cells.The positively expressed Cx43 protein showed a diffused distribution in a sheet form in the ventricular wall of human fetus in the fourth month of gestation.ConclusionCx43 and Bcl-2 proteins participate in the early growth and development of the ventricular myocardial cells of human fetus.

Objective To identify the factors that may influence the risk of relapse.Methods 122 patients were included in the study,and 12 clinicopathologic factors related to the relapse of ulcerative colitis were analyzed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression proportional hazards mode.Results Multivariate analysis showed the exatrointestinal manifestations,Induced factors,irregular therapy and the compliance of patients were independent prognostic factors for the relapse of ulcerative colitis.Conclusion The patients with UC should be treated regularly and avoid inducing factors.When patients have exatrointestinal manifestations,they should be monitored closely to prevent relapse.

Aim To investigate the optimal condition for expression of pCI-neo-IL-1ra-Fc? plasmid for gene therapy and its immune response in rats.Methods Different doses(0.25,0.5,2.5 mg?kg-1)pCI-neo-IL-1ra-Fc? plasmid were instilled into lungs of rats through tracheas,then expressions of IL-1ra-Fc? fusion protein were detected at different interval times(d 4,d 7,d 20)by RT-PCR and Western blot.Through immu-nohistochemistry analysis of rat lungs,those results of optimal condition were validated.Dynamic changes of rat serum IgG level,including IgG2a and IgG1 were detected by indirect ELISA.Results IL-1ra-Fc? could be detected at 20th day after instilling pCI-neo-IL-1ra-Fc? plasmid in all dose groups.The expression level in 2.5 mg?kg-1 groups was higher than that in other two groups.IL-1ra-Fc? protein could not be expressed at 4th day,but increased at 7th day and reached maximum at 20th day after instillation.IL-1ra-Fc? gene could be efficiently expressed in rat lungs by immunohistochemistry analysis.Humoral immunity of rats was induced by pCI-neo-IL-1ra-Fc? plasmid.IgG2? expression was predominant in IgG subsets,showing that the humoral immunity was Th1-like immune response.Conclusion The optimal condition is established for gene therapy with pCI-neo-IL-1ra-Fc? plasmid which can induce Th1-like immune response in rats.

Objective To establish a new method to identify and analyze Qingdai Powder and its composition.Methods X-ray Diffraction with Fourier pattern was used.Results The standard X-ray diffraction with Fourier pattern and characteristic diffraction peaks of Qingdai Powder and its composition drugs were obtained.Conclusion The powder X-ray diffraction method can be used as a simple and convenient method for the identification of Qingdai Powder and its composition drugs.

A study of the peripheral blood T lymphocytes of patients with chronic atrophic gastritis (mainly of B type) and gastric cancer was undertaken by demonstrating the acid ?-naphthyl acetate esterase in lymphocytes as a T cell marker. A scoring method was also designed by the authors to estimate the esterase activity according to the size and number of the esterase particles. The T lymphocyte levels, i.e. ANAE%, of gastric cancer (46.2?1.87%) and chronic atrophic gastritis (54.4?1.48%) were significantly lower than that of normal controls (72.7?5.9%). The T lymphocyte levels of gastritis patients, however, were significantly higher than that of cancer patients. Based on the above findings, it is suggested that the changes of cell-mediated immunity may play a role in the etiopathogenesis and progression of B type atrophic gastritis.