Incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer has increased significantly in recent years. Screening for colorectal cancer is the most effective method to decrease mortality. Colorectal adenoma is the precancerous lesion of colorectal cancer and can be detected through colonoscopy, which is the crucial in the early diagnosis and early treatment for colorectal cancer. The first step of screening is the selection of target population and the second step is colorectal examination. The selection of candidate for screening has direct effect on the efficacy of screening. The methods in common use include fecal occult blood test, questionnaire for high risk factors of colorectal cancer, colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy, and CT virtual colonoscopy. Among those, colonoscopy is the most reliable method and widely used in the screening for colorectal cancer.
China ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; methods ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; methods ; Occult Blood

Objective To study the dissection technique of total mesoreetal excision(TME).Method One hundred and twelve eases of rectal cancer underwent TME from January 2000 to August 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.Results All the procedures were conducted sueeessfully,average blood loss was(45±32)ml during the dissection of rectal mesentery,the hypogastrie nerves were preserved in 96 eases,urinary retention occurred in 6 eases and recovered 1 month later.Anastomotie leakage occurred in 1 ease and healed after transverse colostomy.Wound infection in 6 eases and healed by dress changing.There was no ureter injury.There were 14 eases of death,6 eases of recurrence and 15 eases of distal metastasis according to(3.7±1.1)years follow-up in 112 eases.The survival rate of 1,3,5 years was 92.0%(103/112),84.8%(95/112),66.1%(74/112)respectively.Conclusion Anatomical dissection adequate exposure and hemostasis are critical factors for TME.

Objegtive To study the feasibility and clinical effects of enteral nutrition by needle catheter jejunostomy(NCJ)tube in the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for patients of staged gastric cancer.Methods Eighty-two patients with staged gastric cancer underwent radical gastrectomy and going to receive chemotherapy were randomly divided into group A(41 cases)and group B(41 cases).All of the patients had been NCJ.Group A received enteral nutrition through the tube during chemotherapy,and group B had been given general diet.A series of parameters were measured post-chemotherapy.And the gastrointestinal complications were carefully observed.Results In post-chemotherapy,the level of hemoglobin,albumin,prealbumin,interleukin-2,natural killer cell activities and CD3+,CDd4+,CD4/CD8 in group A[(106.9±12.0)g/L,(26.2±1.4)g/L,(202.9±32.2)mg/L,(11.9±2.1)μg/L,(21.3±5.2)%,(62.9±3.3)%,(26.1±4.7)%,1.1±0.2]were significantly higher than those in group B(P＜0.05 or＜0.01).The incidences of vomiting in group A(4.9%,2/41)was significantly lower than that in group B (26.8%,11/41)(P＜0.05).The average intake in group A[(1312±114)ml]was significantly more than that in group B[(76.5±186)ml](P＜0.05).No severe enteral nutrition related complications occurred in group A.Conclusions It is safe and feasible to enteral nutrition supported by NCJ tube in chemotherapy for patients of staged gastric cancer.It can improve the nutrition status and immune function in the given patients.

Objective To evaluate the change and clinical significance of serum procalcitonin(PCT)and C-reactive protein(CRP)in patients with septic shock. Methods Patients with severe infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) of a hospital between January 2013 and June 2015 were selected. According to the extent of infection,patients were divided into septic shock group (n= 66,subdivided into survival group [n= 50]and death group[n= 16]according to 1-month survival)and severe sepsis group (n= 62),control group were patients without septic shock during the same hospitalization period,serum PCT,CRP,and WBC levels in each group at different times before and after treatment were compared. Results In septic shock group,serum PCT,CRP and WBC levels before treatment,after 1,3,and 7 days of treatment were all significantly higher than control group;in severe septic shock group,serum PCT and CRP levels after 1 ,3 ,and 7 days of treatment were all significantly higher than control group;in death group,serum PCT levels after 1,3,and 7 days of treatment were all significantly higher than survival group,CRP levels after 3 and 7 days of treatment were both significantly higher than survival group(all P<0.05). Receiver op-erating characteristic (ROC)curves showed that area under the curve (AUC)and 95% CI of PCT,CRP,and WBC were 0.786(0.703-0.864),0.754(0.691-0.827),and 0.603(0.542-0.679)respectively. Spearman correlation analysis showed that serum PCT and CRP in patients with septic shock before treatment,after 7 days of treatment were positively correlated([r= 0.596,P= 0.004],[r= 0.523,P= 0.012],respectively),and after 7 days of treat-ment,serum PCT was positively correlated with WBC(r= 0.604,P= 0.001 ). Conclusion PCT can be used as a indicator in early diagnosis of patients with septic shock,and dynamic observation of PCT and CRP has important significance in evaluating patients'severity and prognosis.

Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; administration & dosage ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Bevacizumab ; Capecitabine ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colonic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; surgery ; Deoxycytidine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Disease-Free Survival ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leucovorin ; administration & dosage ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Semustine ; therapeutic use ; Survival Rate ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use

Polysaccharides is one of the main bioactive components of Cordyceps species, because of the potential clinical value with stronger anti-tumor, such as anti-neuroblastoma, anti-melanoma, anti-lung cancer, anti-colon cancer and so on, its have received widespread attention in biomedical field and increasing research in last decades. According to structural elucidation, this review gives a systematic literature overview on antitumor mechanism of Cordyceps species-derived polysaccharides from three aspects, including inhibition of tumor cell growth, enhancement of immunomodulatory activity and reduction of tumor metastasis. Finally, it also puts forward some scientific problems for follow up research.

Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Intestinal Perforation ; etiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Malignant Atrophic Papulosis ; complications ; pathology ; surgery ; Young Adult

Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma

The physicochemical environment and action are similar between the traditional decoction and the extract technics with water or alcohol in the production of Chinese patent drug. Different heating time inevitably differs Chinese patent drug from its decoction; and the alteration of extracting dissolvent make great changes in the chemical constitution. All these lead to the change in the nature of a Chinese patent drug. The authors hold that it is difficult to embody exactly the aim of the prescription of Chinese drug in the existing production technology of Chinese patent drug. It is necessary to advance innovative thoughts of adopting modern technology to extract effective ingredients from single Chinese drug and in the reference of traditional decoction, recombining the composition and dosage of Chinese patent drug.