Spleen deficiency and phlegm dampness syndrome is the common syndrome of the chest blockage.In this article,the pathological characteristics,syndrome characteristics and treating principle of the spleen deficiency and phlegm dampness syndrome of chest blockage were discussed.

This paper Summarized Wu Jutong's academic thought and diagnosis and treatment characteristics. The contribution of Wu Jutong to the traditional Chinese medicine was his legislation and theory of innovation, especially for the treatment of febrile diseases. Many prescriptions and theories that he left has been further improved TCM in exogenous diseases and febrile diseases treatment. Besides he also made great achievements on the diagnosis and treatment of arthralgia syndrome and diarrhea diseases. The academic thought and clinical characteristics of Wu Jutong had important practical significance to the prevention and control of emerging infectious diseases and infectious diseases.

Objective To study the effects of different extraction processes on extraction rate of cortex fraxini total coumarin and active constitute percentage of major coumarin;To establish a proper extraction process.Methods Orthogonal design method was applied to set comprehensive index cortex fraxini total coumarin extraction rate as inspecting index. Water and alcohol were used as solvent respectively to optimize the extraction process of cortex fraxini.Results Optimal water extraction process:cortex fraxini decoction pieces mixed with nine times of water, decocted for three times, 90 mins each time. The pasty fluid generating rate of cortex fraxini was 28.87%, total coumarin percentage was 19.26%, extraction rate was 5.56%, total percentage of Aesculin, Aesculetin, Fraxin, Fraxetin was 13.47%, when water was used as solvent. Optimal alcohol extraction process:cortex fraxini decoction pieces mixed with eight times of 75% ethyl alcohol, refluxed twice, two hours each time. The pasty fluid generating rate of cortex fraxini was 30.47%, total coumarin percentage was 21.72%, extraction rate was 6.62%, total percentage of Aesculin, Aesculetin, Fraxin, Fraxetin was 15.29%, when alcohol was used as solvent. It was found that using alcohol as solvent had a 5.54% higher pasty fluid generating rate, a 12.77% higher total coumarion percentage, a 19.06% higher total coumarin extraction rate, and a 13.51% higher percentage of total four coumarin constitutes than using water, with statistical significance. Conclusion Extraction process by using alcohol as solvent is better than using water. So the optimal and stable extraction process of cortex fraxini total coumarin is using 75% alcohol as solvent.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the protective effects of Xuefu Zhuyu decoction on myocardium ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.

METHOD36 SD rats were divided into 3 groups randomly, sham-operated group, model group, Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group. The model of MI/RI of the myocardium was reproduced by ligation of left descending artery for 30 min followed by releasing the ligation for 2 hours in rats. Serum contents of LDH-L, CK were measured, the levels of serum IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-10 were measured and myocardial ultrastructure at the ischemia region was observed under the transmission electron microscope after myocardial reperfusion injury.

RESULTCompared with model group, IL-1beta, IL-6 and IL-10 levels were lower, myocardial ultrastructural changes were improved in Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group (P < 0.01), however, serum contents of LDH-L and CK no significant difference were found among the model group and Xuefu Zhuyu decoction group.

CONCLUSIONXuefu Zhuyu decoction can protect myocardium from MI/RI, the mechanism of action was related to inhibiting inflammatory reaction and reducing arrhythmia and the injury of the myocardial ultrastructure.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; immunology ; Interleukin-6 ; immunology ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Protective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

This study explored the comorbidity mechanisms of coronary heart disease and depression from the perspectives of "constraint causing disease" and "disease causing constraint"， for which "constraint" is the link， and the key lies in the stagnation of qi. The heart storing manifestations in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） encompasses most physiological processes of the circulatory system， the mental nervous system， and some functions of the endocrine system， and cardiovascular diseases and psychological disorders are closely related to it. In TCM， it is proposed that the stagnation of heart yang leading to "yang deficiency" is the pathogenesis of chest tightness， and emotional disturbance leading to the stagnation of yang qi aggravates the chest tightness， reflecting the process of "disease causing constraint". As the disease progresses， the appearance of phlegm and stasis further worsens the condition， reflecting the process of "constraint causing disease". Based on modern medical understanding， the abnormal accumulation of lipids， platelets， oxidative products， cytokines， and other substances constitute a form of "constraint"， which is also the material basis for the comorbidity of coronary heart disease and depression. These substances promote neuronal damage or apoptosis in the emotional and cognitive regions， inducing the onset of depression， reflecting the process of "disease causing constraint". Meanwhile， adverse emotions lead to sympathetic nerve excitement， resulting in the production of catecholamines， promoting platelet aggregation， elevating levels of inflammatory markers， and increasing the risk of coronary heart disease， reflecting the process of "disease causing constraint".