Objective:To investigate if there is difference about the parameters of acoustic analysis with the different vowe |a|、|i|、| | and decide which vowels is best fitted to the acoustic analysis. Method:40 normal and 130 pathologic voice patients accepted acoustic analysis. Each acoustic parameters such as jitter,shimmer、NNE、 SDF0、SNR were compared with different vowels. Result:Jitter、shimmer、NNE with |i| were much lower than that with |a| and | | in normal cases and light hoarseness group. While the acoustic parameters with |i| were much higher than that with |a| and | | in moderate and heavy hoarseness group. Conclusion: |a| and | | were the preferred vowels for normal and light hoarseness group,while the |i| could supply some useful suggestion for the moderate and heavy hoarse patients.

Objective To investigate whether cochlear hair cells occur apoptosis following kanamycin treatment in guinea pigs. Methods It was comprised of two groups of six animals each. Experiment group and control group were subjected to administration of kanamycin,im,400 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 ,and saline respectively for successive 10 days. One week later, animals were sacrificed. Left cochlea and right cochlea were taken for cochlea preparation and cochlea section respectively. Apoptosis was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate(d-UTP) nick end-labling(TUNEL) method.Results Apoptosis was present in cochlear hair cells, supporting cells as well as marginal cells of stria vascularis except for the spiral ganglion cells in kanamycin treatment guinea pigs. No apoptosis was detected in control animals. Conclusion Apoptosis of cochlear cells play important role in kanamycin ototoxicity.

In eukaryotes,the cell(s) material exchange has long existed in its proliferation and apoptosis,while the exchange of nucleus and cytoplasm only through the shuttle movement of the nuclear pore complex (NPC). NPC in the nuclear membrane,achieves the protein,RNA and other substances's transport task through the shuttle movement between nucleus and cytoplasm of eukaryotes.Specific nuclear pore proteins regulate specific transport path,and because of this,the transport and regulation through the NPC is highly selective and coordination,so the NPC play an important role in gene expression,cell signaling networks and maintain the environment.Some of them will change the structure properties of membrane,affecting mitosis,and some can be combined with the kinase leading to abnormal biochemical reactions,or combined with other biological factors in angiogenesis,cell migration or apoptosis of cells leading to abnormal changes,and leading to tumorigenesis.

Plant extracts are kinds of important anticancer drugs.Anticancer drugs research has focused on several important plant extracts such as resveratrol,ricin,epigallocatechin-3-gallate,oridonin,juglone,quercetin,matrine,nordihydroguaiaretic acid.In vitro and in vivo studies have shown that their antitumor mechanisms including induction of apoptosis,cytotoxicity,induced redifferentiation,antiangiogesis,antiinvasion and anti-metastasis.Plant extracts have multi-link and multi-target.Part of them have been used in preclinical studies.In-depth study of the anti-tumor mechanisms of plant extracts on cancer treatment is important,and the full mechanism needs further study.

Objective To study the voice rest treatment after laryngomicrosurgery in patients with vocal fold polyps .Methods Eighty -five patients with vocal fold polyps were divided into two groups randomly :Group A (48 cases) and Group B ( 37 cases) ,receiving 1 or 2 weeks voice rest postoperation ,respectively .Vocal acoustic analy-sis and fiberlaryngoscopy were performed in all patients before the surgery and 1 ,2 ,3 and 4 weeks after surgery . Results When compared with the preoperative data ,there were no significant differences in jitter ,shimmer and NHR 1 week after surgery in patients of two groups (P>0 .05) .Two weeks after surgery ,all the parameters im-proved significantly in Group B(P<0 .05) ,but only jitter improved in Group A (P<0 .05) .All the data in two groups returned to normal 4 weeks after surgery .Laryngoscopic examination showed varying degrees of vocal fold hyperemia and edema one week after surgery ,which then gradually subsided and gone .At 4 weeks after surgery , the appearance of the operative vocal fold completely returned to normal .Conclusion Patients with vocal fold polyps should be treated with complete voice rest for 2 weeks after surgery ,followed by 2 weeks of relative voice rest .This is beneficial to the voice recovering and the wound healing .

Objective To study the changes and significance of the hyaluronic acid (HA) and collagen in the larynx of old guinea pig.Methods Six young guinea pigs (4 months old) and 6 old guinea pigs (2 years old) were selected as control group and aged group for this study (n=6 for each)The expressions of HA and collagen in the larynx of guinea pigs were detected using Alcian blue and Masson trichrome methods,respectively.The images were managed using Image-Pro Plus 6.0 For Window.Results The optical density (expression level) of HA in the larynx was lower in aged group than in control group (0.69 vs.0.80,F=13.45,P＜0.05).The optical density(expression level) of collagen in the larynx was higher in aged group than in control group (0.71 vs.0.63,F=9.56,P＜0.05).Conclusions The content of HA in larynx is decreased and collagen in larynx is increased in old guinea pig which may result in presbyphonia change through higher viscoelastic properties of vocal cords.

BACKGROUND:Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) can inhibit the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but it is uncertain that TMP inhibit the growth and proliferation of HL-60 leukemic cells induced by VEGF.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of TMP on the proliferation of HL-60 leukemic cells induced by VEGF.DESIGN:Repetitive measurement and observation.SETTING:School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS:The experiment was carried out in the Molecular Biology Laboratory Center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology from March to June in 2007. Human leukemic cell line HL-60 cells were purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology. TMP hydrochloride injection was produced by Wuxi Seventh Pharmaceutical Products Limited (Lot number:011014), protamine sulfate injection was produced by Shanghai First Biochemical Pharmaceuticals (Batch number:010302), and immunohistochemistry kit was purchased from Boster company.METHODS:①Human leukemic cell line HL-60 cells at log phase were used for the experiments. Cells were treated with 100 μg/L VEGF, and then TMP at final concentrations of 1.5, 15, 150 mg/L was added into culture medium. While the cells in medium without TMP were taken as blank control group, and the cells in medium with 20 mg/L protamine as positive control group. Meanwhile cells without treatment of VEGF were served as VEGF control group. After cells were incubated for 48 hours, the growth inhibiting rate of HL-60 cells was detected by MTT assay.②After HL-60 cells were treated with TMP at the final concentrations of 1.5, 15, 150 mg/L for 24 hours, the protein expression of VEGF in HL-60 cells was examined by SP immunohistochemistry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Growth inhibiting rate of HL-60 cells.②Protein expression of VEGF.RESULTS:①Growth inhibiting rate of HL-60 cells:After HL-60 cells induced by VEGF were treated with 15 and 150 mg/L TMP, the absorbance value was significantly lower than that in VEGF control group (P < 0.05).②Protein expression of VEGF:After HL-60 cells were treated with TMP for 24 hours, the protein expression of VEGF was down-regulated with increasing TMP concentration in a dependent manner. Significant differences were observed in the protein expression of VEGF between cells treated by TMP and the controls (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION:shRNA, by targeting hTERT mRNA, has no noticeable influence on growth and proliferation of hMSCs, and might be safe for the somatic cells which are normal but do not express hTERT.

Economics, Pharmaceutical ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; economics ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal

OBJECTIVE To study the significance by analyzing the expression of human protection of telomeres1(POT1)and telomeric repeatbinding factor-2(TRF2)in the tissues of laryngneal squamous cell carcinoma(LSCC)and in polyp of vocal cord tissues. METHODS The expression of POT1 and TRF2 in 20 tumor samples and 19 polyp of vocal cord were determined by the indirect immunofluorescence method. The results were scored and analyzed statistically. RESULTS The positive expression rates of POT1 and TRF2 in tumor samples was 65.00% and 70.00% respectively. There were no positive expression of POT1 and TRF2 in polyp of vocal cord. The positive expression of POT1 was higher in poorly differentiated laryngeal carcinoma than that in well-differentiated and moderately differentiated laryngeal carcinoma(Chi-square test with contingency table, P0.05). CONCLUSION The expression of POT1 and TRF2 in laryngneal squamous cell carcinoma were remarkable, POT1 and TRF2 may play a critical role in tumorigenesis of laryngneal squamous cell carcinoma. There was statistical significant difference for degrees of POT1 expression in different tumor histological grades.

AIM: To find the evidence of electrophysi ol ogic mechanisms associated with average spectrum of electrophysiological cochleo neural activity (ASECA), a measure of spontaneous auditory nerve activity altera tions. METHODS: The long-term salicylate treatment was used to establis h the available animal model of tinnitus, the ASECA was monitored, and the effec ts of various presented ipsilateral acoustic were investigated. RESULTS: (1) In the first treatment, ASECA decreased acutely dur ing several hours after salicylate administration. After several days (1 week an d 2 weeks) this decrease was reduced. (2) Over weeks of salicylate administratio n, the level of ASECA increased progressively, but at the end of treatment, acou stic tuning of ASECA showed a partially decreased sensitivity. (3) In control an imals, delivery of an ipsilateral noise reproduced the increase in the level of ASECA that was similar to the result observed in long-term salicylate-treated an imals. The noise (the white noise was 55-60 dB SPL) was of moderate level and it slightly elevated CAP thresholds at higher frequencies. CONCLUSION: In the long-term salicylate-treated animals, the ASE CA-1 kHz increased reflects strongly increased synchronized activity in the audi tory nerve.