The existence of microheterogeneity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)in the human erythrocyt has already been reported(Der Kaloustian 1974).The results has been confirmed recently by isoelectric focusing in polyacrylamide gel.In this paper,we used the method which has been modified in some aspects to identify various G6PD variants,and came to interesting conclusions.We provide here our experimental data of two different G6PD types,GdB and Gd(-)Zhuang-Funing,Focusing of the enzyme gives additional in- formation concerning an accurate distinction among the genetic variants.

OBJECTIVEThis study aimed to evaluate the morphometric changes in the alveolar bone of the maxillary and mandibular anterior regions after retraction in adolescents.

METHODSThe sample size comprised 30 adolescent patients with class 1 bimaxillary protrusion (12 males and 18 females, age: 12-18 years old) and were treated by extracting four first pre-molars. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed 1 month before and 1 month after the retraction. For each maxillary and mandibular anterior tooth, the labial and palatal alveolar plates at cervical 1/3, middle 1/3, and apical 1/3 levels for bone thickness changes during the retraction of the maxillary and mandibular anterior regions were checked. The movements of cervical 1/3, middle 1/3, and apical 1/3 levels of the maxillary central incisor were measured. Statistical analyses were performed with SPSS 16.0.

RESULTSFor the adolescents, alveolar bone thickness increased on the labial side and decreased on the palatal side. The alveolar bone thicknesses of cervical 1/3 and middle 1/3 of maxillary central incisor, cervical 1/3 and apical 1/3 of maxillary lateral incisor, middle 1/3 of mandibular central incisor, apical 1/3 of mandibular lateral incisor, and middle 1/3 and apical 1/3 of mandibular canine all increased after retraction. By contrast, the alveolar bone thickness of the apical 1/3 of maxillary canine and the cervical 1/3 of mandibular canine decreased after retraction. No statistically significant difference was observed in other region.

CONCLUSIONDuring retraction, a controlled tipping movement occur in adolescents. After retraction, the alveolar bone thickness of the labial side increase, whereas that of the palatal side decrease. Moreover, the thicknesses of major areas in the alveolar bone significantly increase.

Adolescent ; Child ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Cuspid ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Male ; Maxilla ; Molar ; Palate ; Tooth Movement Techniques

Aim To determine TAT-Tcntf penetration ability and to investigate the effects of the fusion protein on SH-SY5Y cells against toxicity induced by β-amyloid peptide 25-35(Aβ_(25-35) ).Methods The conjugate(TAT-tCNTF)of TAT(47-57)of HIV-1 and the truncated human CNTF active fragment was genetic engineered and expressed in E.Coli.Immunofluorescence was used to identify cell permeation ability across membrane.MTT assay was used to measure the survival of SH-SY5Y cells injured by Aβ_(25-35).And Hoechst 33342/PI double staining was used to observe the morphology of cell apoptosis and necrosis.LDH was measured by spectrophotometric method.Results The expression vector of pBV220-TAT-tCNTF was constructed successfully.Western blot showed the recombinant fusion protein could bind specifically with CNTF antibody.The immunofluorescence assay clearly demonstrated that TAT-tCNTF did penatrate into the cells while little rhCNTF pass across the cells.Double staining and LDH release assay demonstrated that TAT-tCNTF could promote significantly the survival of the cells.Conclusion sTAT-tCNTF with high activities and effective transmembrane ability is obtained for the first time.The fusion protein protects SH-SY5Y cells from death after Aβ25-35 exposure.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of miRNA-1 in denervated skeletal muscle at different periods, and to explore effects of passive movement on the expression of miRNA-1 and differentiation of myoblasts in denervation-induced skeletal muscle atrophy in rats. METHODS: Twenty-seven Sprague Dawley rats, weighing (200±10) g, were randomly divided into sham-operated group (group A, n=3), denervated group (group B, n=12), and passive movement group (group C, n=12). After the right sciatic nerve was exposed and dissociated, the sciatic nerve of 1 cm in length was removed in groups B and C; resection was not performed in group A. At 1 day after operation, passive flexion and extension movement was performed on the right hind limb in group C. At 6 hours in group A and at 3, 7, 14, and 28 days in groups B and C, 3 rats were sacrificed to measure the wet weight ratio of gastrocnemius muscle, to observe the diameter of the gastrocnemius muscle cell and evaluate the muscle atrophy by HE staining; RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression of miRNA-1 and myocyte differentiation factor (MyoD), and immunohistochemistry to determine the protein expression of MyoD. RESULTS: Atrophy in various degrees was observed in denervated gastrocnemius muscle of groups B and C. The muscle fiber arranged in disorder and the diameter of the muscle cells decreased gradually with the time, without normal structure and morphology. The wet weight ratio and the cell diameter of the gastrocnemius in groups B and C were significantly less than those in group A (P<0.05); the wet weight ratio at 7, 14, 28 days and the cell diameter at 7, 14 days of group B were significantly greater than those of group A (P<0.05). The expressions of miRNA-1 and MyoD mRNA gradually increased with time in groups B and C, but were significantly less than those of group A at each time point (P<0.05). At 7, 14, and 28 days after operation, the expressions of miRNA-1 and MyoD mRNA in group C were significantly higher than those in group B (P<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining showed positive expression of MyoD in groups A, B, and C at each time point, but higher expression was observed in groups B and C than group A; the expression increased with time in groups B and C, and it was significantly higher in group C than group B. The correlation analysis results showed that the overall change trend of miRNA-1 and MyoD had no relation with the gastrocnemius wet weight ratio at 3 and 7 days (P>0.05), and had positive correlation at 14 and 28 days (P<0.05); positive correlation was found between the relative expression of MyoD and miRNA-1 mRNA (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Passive movement can prevent amyotrophy by increasing the expression of miRNA-1 and promoting the differentiation of myoblasts.

AIM: To study the bioequivalence of domestic and imported Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets in Chinese healthy volunteers.METHODS: According to the rule published by SFDA,the serum concentration of 20 selected volunteers among 18 to 40 years old was determined by HPLC-fluorescence detection after giving domestic and imported Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets 0.1g,and the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by DAS software.RESULTS: The method of HPLC-fluorescence detection to study the pharmakokinetics of Metoprolol Tartrate was sensitive,reliable,accurate and reasonable.The main pharmakokinetics parameters of domestic and imported Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets were T_(max):(1.11)?(0.36 h) and(1.39)?(0.65 h) respectively;C_(max):(269.20)?(87.15)(?g?L~(-1)) and(262.03)?(75.52)(?g?L~(-1)) respectively;AUC_(0-12h):(1088.91)?(510.52)(?g?L~(-1)?h) and(1098.29)?5(55.14)(?g?L~(-1)?h) respectively.The relative bioavailability of domestic Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets was(100.09)%.CONCLUSION: The domestic and imported Metoprolol Tartrate Tablets was bioequivalents.

Aim To determine TAT-tCNTF penetration ability and to investigate the effects of the fusion protein on SH-SY5Y cells against toxicity induced by ?-amyloid peptide 25-35(A?25-35 ).Methods The conjugate(TAT-tCNTF)of TAT(47-57)of HIV-1 and the truncated human CNTF active fragment was genetic engineered and expressed in E.Coli.Immunofluorescence was used to identify cell permeation ability across membrane.MTT assay was used to measure the survival of SH-SY5Y cells injured by A?25-35.And Hoechst 33342/PI double staining was used to observe the morphology of cell apoptosis and necrosis.LDH was measured by spectrophotometric method.Results The expression vector of pBV220-TAT-tCNTF was constructed successfully.Western blot showed the recombinant fusion protein could bind specifically with CNTF antibody.The immunofluorescence assay clearly demonstrated that TAT-tCNTF did penatrate into the cells while little rhCNTF pass across the cells.Double staining and LDH release assay demonstrated that TAT-tCNTF could promote significantly the survival of the cells.Conclusions TAT-tCNTF with high activities and effective transmembrane ability is obtained for the first time.The fusion protein protects SH-SY5Y cells from death after A?25-35 exposure.

Aim To study the relative bioequivalence of two domestic ciprofloxacin tablets. Methods Therandomized and crossover study was conducted in 18 healthy volunteers.After a single dose of the drugs,their plasma drug concentration was determined using HPLC.Results Both the two domestic ciprofloxacin tablets fit to one compartment model. The main pharmacokinetics parameters of the tested and reference ciprofloxacin were as followings: C_(max):(2.503?0.394) and (2.706?0.579) mg?L~(-1);T_(max):(1.343?0.402) and (1.075?0.379) h;T_(12):(4.174?1.201) and (3.826?1.005) h; AUC_(0-tn): (10.528?2.204) and (10.643?1.922) mg?L~(-1)?h;AUC_(0-∞): (11.409?2.139) and (11.558?2.160) mg?L~(-1)?h;F_(0-tn) and F_(0-∞) was (100.245?18.447)% and (100.470?20.108)%,respectirely. Conclusion The tested and reference formulations are bioeqivalent.

The clinical data of 5 cases of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus were analyzed retrospectively.This disease was characterized by abrupt onset and severe diabetic ketoacidosis.The mean duration from the appearance of hyperglycemic symptoms to first hospital visit was 3.4 days.The mean plasma glucose level was 47.7 mmol/L,but the mean value of HbA_(1C) level was 6.8% at first visit.The mean fasting serum C-peptide was 40.0 pmol/L,and mean serum postprandial C-peptide was 68.0 pmol/L at onset.β-cell function did not recover after 3-26 months of follow-up.

Objective To evaluate the effect of plastic surgery for scar contracture after hand burn.Methods Clinical treatment data of 56 patients with scar contracture after hand burn was collected from December 2011 to December 2016.Different surgery methods were adopted to treat the scar contracture after hand burn according to different degree,different sites and different range.Results All cases were operated successfully,and the appearance and function of the hands were almost recovered during the 6 months' follow-up,without contracture again.Conclusion Appropriate surgical programs should be used in scar contracture with different parts and degrees,and reasonable postoperative rehabilitation can improve the function and appearance of hands better,which can avoid secondum contracture.

Objective:To detect immunological effects of procyanidin ,gastrodin,baicalein and apigenin on antigen presenting cells of RAW264.7 and DC2.4 and search for new tumor vaccine adjuvant.Methods: After different concentrations of four kinds of Chinese herbal monomer and LPS were used to stimulate RAW 264.7 or DC2.4 cells for 48 hours,cells were obtained and stained with CD80,CD86,MHCⅠand MHCⅡ antibody.Then protein expression levels of CD80,CD86,MHCⅠ and MHCⅡ on RAW264.7 and DC2.4 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry.Results: Results showed that after 48 hours stimulated with different concentrations of four kinds of Chinese herbal monomer on RAW 264.7 or DC2.4 cells,the expression levels of CD80,CD86,MHCⅠ,MHCⅡ were all up-regulated in comparison with control , procyanidin and baicalein exhibited stronger immunological stimulating activity on a cellular level.Conclusion:Procyanidin and baicalein were found having potential application value in clinical treatment as tumor vaccine adju -vants.