Objective To discus the diagnosis,favorabl management and diagnosis of pilocytastrocytoma.Methods Provided by the information from CT,MRI and operation,we try to discus and confirm the characteristics of this tumor.Results Pilocytastrocytoma commonly occurs in 20 years old or younger.The most frequent location involve by tumor were cerebellum.The most common presenting sympton was increased intracranial pressure,and then cerebellum symptoms such as incoordination.Final diagnosis made depending on mainly pathology.We found the relationship between prognosis and the extent of surgical removal.Conclusions Pilocytastrocytoma usually occur in children and adolescent.The most common site of these tumors are the cerebellum.And the more complete extent of surgical removal,the better prognosis.So it was called as "benign" tumors.If pilocyticastrocytoma were subtotally excised,the addition of postoperative irradiati could significantly prolong survival.

Orthopedic robotics is an emerging industry in the area of healthcare , mainly used for minimally invasive treatment and accurate treatment .It can provide accurate surgical navigation and planning .Orthopedic robots can be mainly used for articular surgery , osteopathy surgery , spine surgery and traumatic orthopedics .This paper outlines the development and characteristics of orthopedic robots at home and abroad , analyzes the developments of orthopedic robots by combining medical imaging technology with clinical feedback , and predicts the future of this field .

Objective To establish a scientific and practical principle , grading standard and reasonable statistical method for evaluating the protective effect of health food to gastric mucosal injury , based on general pathology and histopathological diagnosis .Methods A methodological study was conducted on rat model of acute gastric mucosa injury induced by alcoholic through comprehensive analysis and comparing shortcomings of the current standard evaluation method, and methods of semi-quantitative analysis and corresponding information statistic processing were based on characteristics of the lesion and principles of pathology .Results Gross pathological evaluation of gastric mucosa lesion was based on the area occupied and proportion in the whole gastric mucosa .Histopathological diagnosis was based on the mucous layer depth of lesion as main determination point and other lesions as reference factors .Grades of lesion were divided into no abnormality (0), mild lesions (1 point), moderate lesions (2 points), and severe lesions (3 points). Ridit statistical method was used for pathological analysis of semi-quantitative results .Conclusion A scientific and feasible evaluation method for the protective effect of health food to gastric mucosal injury was provided from the aspects of gross pathology , histopathological evaluation method , data processing method and result determination .

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of twin grasper combined with endoloops on closing acute stomach perforation.Methods Two experimental porcines of stomach perforation underwent endoscopic closure by twin grasper combined with endoloops.Survival conditions and closure of perforating were observed.Results Mild infection and abdominal adhesions were observed in one week after operation.The nylon rope fell off and an ulcer-like lesion was presented in the closed position.The methylene blue leak test was negative.Histologic examination revealed chronic inflammatory cells infiltration,granulation,fibroplasias,and regenerative mucous membrane crawling toward the center of perforation.Conclusion The technique of twin grasper combined with nylon ropes in closing the acute stomach perforation is feasible and effective.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the assistant effct of electroacupuncture on acute incomplete spinal cord injury treated with routine therapy.Methods9 cases who accepted routine therapy, including operation and medicine, were in control group, while other 7 cases who accepted electroacupuncture other than routine therapy were in treating group.ResultsThere were 2 cases were effective, 4 cases were improved and 3 cases were not improved in control group, while 6 cases were clinical recovery, 1 case was effective in treating group.ConclusionElectroacupuncture can improve the effect of routine therapy on acute incomplete spinal cord injury.

目的观察神经外科与针刺联合治疗急性脊髓不完全损伤的疗效。方法神经外科治疗组根据指征确定是否进行手术,药物治疗均给予激素、脱水、抗去甲肾上腺素类药物、神经营养药物,高压氧。神经外科与针刺联合治疗组除上述神经外科治疗外,采用针刺治疗,针刺处方:电针刺激夹脊穴,根据不同辨证配合远端取穴。结果神经外科治疗组9例,持续治疗 3—6个月,出院后随访6个月,6例好转,肌力有所改善,最好者可达到肌力IV—IV+级,3例无效,甚至退步,瘫痪进一步加重。神经外科与针刺联合治疗组病人5例,经针刺及电针治疗10—80天时间后,4例临床治愈,1例经针刺治疗好转后,因转入骨科手术治疗腰椎压缩性骨折时脱离针刺治疗。结论神经外科与针刺联合治疗急性脊髓损伤效果好,并能抑制脊髓损伤的进一步恶化。

Objective To verify the efficacy and safety of intravesical instillation of Cystistat in reducing complications caused by intravesical chemotherapy after TUR-BT in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients. Methods One hundred and twenty patients who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria were enrolled into this multi-centered, randomized and blank controlled clinical study. Selected patients were randomized into the observation group and control group. TUR-BT was carried out in both groups followed by pirarubicin (THP) and Cystistat intravesical instillation in the observation group, and THP intravesical instillation alone in control group. Visual analog scale (VAS) was used as the primary efficacy variable. The secondary efficacy variables were assessments of hematuria and bladder irritation symptoms. Adverse events, laboratory tests and changes of vital signs before and after treatment were strictly observed during observation to evaluate the efficacy and safety of Cystistat.Results Demographics and baseline characteristics were comparable in both groups. The differences and the improvement rate of VAS score in the 2 groups were significant, both P＜0.01. The changes of VAS score and the improvement rate before and after treatment were (2. 24±1.70) and (92. 92±14.76) % in observation group and (0. 70±1.82) and (20. 59±87.34)% in control group respectively. According to the covariance analysis, there were significant differences in changes of VAS score between the observation group and the control group. Also, the improvement rate of VAS score was significant from visit 2. The urine frequency decreased from 9.06±4.09 to 6. 69±2.89 in observation group and increased from 8. 85±3. 32 to 10. 15±4.40 in control group, P＜0.01. There were also significant differences in changes of nocturia before and after treatment between these two groups (P＜0.01), the nocturia decreased from 2. 88±1.74 to 1. 47±1.62 in observation group and 3. 22±2.30 to 2.91±1.73 in control group, respectively. The changes of WHO assessment for hematuria,urgency and dysuria were not significantly different between the 2 groups. No Cystistat related adverse event was observed. Conclusions Cystistat combined instillation can significantly improve the VAS score of patients with chemotherapeutic agent instillation. Relief of bladder pain, frequency and nocturia are more rapidly and more durable in Cystistat combined instillation group. The improvement is more effective in patients with a high VAS score. Cystistat instillation with chemotherapeutics agents is both well tolerated and safe.

Objective To investigate the differences in GD-EOB-DTPA multi-modality MR images be-tween well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma(WHCC)and non well-differentiated HCC.Methods The clin-ical and MR images of 57 patients with pathologically proved HCC were retrospectively collected. All patients un-derwent abdominal enhancement MRI,including T1 weighted and T2 weighted imaging(T1WI and T2WI),diffu-sion weighted imaging(DWI),the apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)map,and gadoxetic acid-enhanced multi-phase sequences. The patients were classified into well-differentiated HCC(WHCC)group and non-WHCC group which combined moderate HCC and poor differentiated HCC according to their histopathological differentiation.Dif-ferences of T1WI,T2WI,DWI,ADC map,the types of HCC on hepatobiliary phase(HBP)images,and enhance-ment patterns on dynamic images were compared. The chi-square test or Fisher exact was used for comparing the imaging signal differences between WHCC and non-WHCC. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent predictors of WHCC. Results T1WI signal intensities,HBP signal types,enhancement patterns and ADC maps showed statistical significance between WHCC and non-WHCC(P<0.05).But,multiple logistic regression analysis showed that signal intensities on T1WI were independent risk factors for WHCC(P =0.001). In addition,hyperintense on T1WI showed higher statistical significance compared with isointense or hy-pointense on T1WI(P = 0.002). Conclusions Multi-modality of GD-EOB-DTPA MRI is useful for assessing WHCC. The signal intensities on T1WI are independent risk factors for evaluating WHCC. Moreover,WHCC are more likely in hyperintense T1WI signal intensity.

Objective:Objectives The aim of the study is to evaluate the mechanical performance, safety and efficacy of the novel robotic-assistant flexible ureteroscopy system (Ra-fURS) under in vitro and in vivo environments.Methods:Combing with commercial flexible ureteroscopes, the novel Ra-fURS was used for the in vitro test and animal model operation in October 2020. The study included three sections. ①Basic mechanical performance assessment: including endoscope motion control (dual deflection, axial rotation and forward/backward distance), reaction time and fiber regulation. ②Simulated surgery in ex-vivo 3D-printing renal collecting system model: including completion rate and time of calyxes exploration, directional movement and laser fragmentation [gypsum models (0.5×0.5×0.5 cm) were used to stimulate kidney stones]. ③Intrarenal surgeries in animal models (two 5-month female Yorkshire white pigs). In total, 32 surgeries was performed (8 surgeons × 2 pigs × 2 kidneys/pig). In vivo assessments were carried out including: ①consuming time for Ra-fURS installation and offloading; ②completion rate and time of calyxes exploration; ③comfort score (ranging from 0-10) as compared to the manual f-URS, which was corresponding to each Ra-fURS surgery. In simulated surgery and animal surgery sections, 8 surgeons were enrolled in the study (group A 4 without flexible ureteroscopy experience; group B: 4 highly experienced), and results were compared between two groups.Results:Under the Ra-fURS control, the flexible ureteroscope movement in three degrees of freedom (forward / backward: + 11 to -11 cm, axial rotation + 225°to -225°; active duel-flection: + 270°to -270°, as well as the laser fiber regulation + 2.5 to -2.5 cm). In simulated surgery tests, both groups achieved 100% completion rate of calyxes exploration, and there were no statistical differences in the time of the calyxes exploration between group A and group B (116.0±8.0)s vs.(110.3±15.4)s( P>0.05). Time-consumption for laser fragmentation of group B was shorter than that of group A (525.8±58.5)s vs. (780.5±141.2)s( P<0.01). In animal surgery, the installation time of Ra-fURS gradually shortened within the first 7 cases was(234.0±43.0)s, and became comparable in the later 8-32 cases was(149.3±8.0)s. The average uninstall time was (43.9 ±5.9)s and was relatively stable. There were 51 renal calyxes in two pigs. It was higher for the completion rate of calyxes exploration in group B than in group A [(95.5±9.1)% vs. (59.1±9.1)%, P<0.05], and the exploration time was also statistically variant between the two groups group A and group B[(274.8±34.6)s vs.(127.3±18.2)s, P<0.05]. For all the operators, the comfort scores were favorable to the Ra-fURS as compared to the manual f-URS (8.9±0.3 vs. 5.9±1.1, P<0.05). Conclusions:This preliminary study demonstrated that the novel Ra-fURS was capable of controlling flexible ureteroscope to perform retrograde intrarenal surgery and fragmenting stones with laser. Besides, other features, including easy installation, stable performance and comfortable manipulating environment, made it easy to use in clinical application.

Objective To understand the infected strains and prevalence of brucellosis in occupational population in Tacheng and Kashgar regions,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.Methods In September 2015,blood samples from occupational population (including herders,semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral,veterinarians) and non-occupational population (including students and cadres) were collected to detect Brucellaspecific antibody and bacterial nucleic acids by rose bengal plate test (RBPT),serological standard tube agglutination test (SAT) and PCR methods,respectively.The positive products of PCR were sent to Shanghai Sangon Biotechnology Co.,LTD.Then the sequence results were retrieved online using the basic alignment search tool (BLAST) in GenBank web page and uploaded to NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information).Results A total of 546 blood samples were tested,including 300 males,aged (55-± 15) years old,and 246 females,aged (54 ± 12) years old.The positive rates were 17.58％ (96/546) and 6.78％ (37/546) in 546 blood samples by serological method and genetic markers targeting omp22 and omp2,respectively.The positive rates were statistically significant (x2 =29.8,P ＜ 0.05).Additionally,based on BLAST analysis of outer membrane protein omp22 and omp2 genes,the positive products were identified as Brucella abortus,and the sequence similarity was 100.00％ (253/253,863/863 bp) to Brucella abortus strain Wisconsin genome assembly,chromosome (LT651712).Conclusions Brucellosis has a high infection rate in the occupational population of some animal husbandry-based groups in Xinjiang.The infection strain is abortive species Brucella,and health education for the occupational population and prevention of brucellosis should be strengthened to reduce the infection rate.