Itraconazole has potent anticancer activity at the standard therapeutic doses,which is proved in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies,even in active clinical trials.The precise mode of action of itraconazole for its anticancer activity has not been elucidated,however multiple putative mechanisms are proposed,such as anti-angiogenesis,inhibition of Hedgehog pathway,autophagy induction and reversal of multi-drug resistance.Its high efficacy,known toxicity and well-estabhshed pharmacokinetics make this generic drug a strong candidate for repurposing as an oncological treatment.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of methotrexate combined with dilatation and curettage on the treatment of cesarean section scar pregnancy and the effect on HCG (chorionic gonadotropin). Methods 130 cases with cesarean section scar pregnancy admitted in Taizhou hospital from January 2016 to March 2017 were randomly divided into two groups. The control group wasreceived dilatation and curettage. The study group was given methotrexate combined with dilatation and curettage.The effect and the influence to HCG in the two groups were compared. Results The effective rate in the study group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in HCG level between the two groups before treatment. The levels of HCG in the study group were significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Methotrexate combined with curettage on the treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy, can improve the therapeutic effect, reduce postoperative bleeding and hospitalization time, reduce the level of HCG.

目的观察心理康复对焦虑、抑郁症状的疗效。方法对212例具有失眠、慢性头痛、头晕或多系统症状而不能用某一种疾病解释的患者,进行焦虑抑郁量表检测,并随机分为康复组(88例)和对照组(124例)。前者给予心理康复治疗,后者给予药物治疗,比较两者的疗效。结果康复组总有效率90.91%,高于对照组(74.19%)(P<0.05)。结论对综合医院中具有失眠、头痛、头晕或多系统症状而不能用某一种疾病解释的患者,应进行焦虑抑郁量表检测并给予心理康复治疗。

Objective:To report a rare case of renal injury secondary to Strongyloides stercoralis infection, and investigate common pathological subtypes, pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection-associated renal injury combined with literature. Methods:The pathological features of renal biopsy were analyzed by immunofloruscence, light microscope and electronic microscope. The pathological changes of digestive tract and pathogen morphology were observed through endoscope and digestive tract biopsy. The correlation between clinical-pathological features and pathological changes of kidney and digestive tract was analized.Results:The 26-year-old male patient presented with nephrotic syndrome. The pathological changes of renal biopsy were consistent with minimal change disease with interstitial focal eosinophil infiltration. Laboratory examination showed that the patient had unexplained eosinophilia and increased IgE level. Hence the patient was treated with glucocorticoid. After 2 months of therapy, proteinuria decreased and turned to negative while the patient developed progressive headache, gastrointestinal bleeding and progressive decrease of hemoglobin. Emergency gastroscopy showed extensive congestion and erosion of the stomach and duodenum. Gastric mucosal biopsy showed a large number of slender "s" shape larvae in the mucosa. The patient also had bilateral lung infection, positive Escherichia coli in cerebrospinal fluid and purplish skin rash around the umbilicus. A serious infection of Strongyloides stercoralis was diagnosed. After antibiotics and anthelmintic treatment, gastrointestinal symptoms and headache disappeared, and no parasite was found in endoscopy. No recurrence of nephrotic syndrome was found during 2 years of follow-up. Conclusions:Strongyloides stercoralis infection might first present with nephrotic syndrome with handful hints of digestive tract combined with eosinophilia and increased IgE levels. Therefore, in epidemic areas or patients with suspicious exposure history, it is necessary to exclude Strongyloides stercoralis infection before immunosuppressive therapy to avoid fatal complications.

Objective:To explore the clinical application value of 18F-FDG PET/CT radiomics in predicting B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2)/immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) fusion gene expression status in follicular lymphoma (FL) patients. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and imaging data of 90 FL patients (46 males and 44 females, age (48.7±10.5) years) who underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT examinations at Henan Cancer Hospital from January 2016 to August 2023. According to the expression status, patients were divided into positive group and negative group. Patients were randomly divided into training set ( n=62) and validation set ( n=28) at a ratio of 7∶3. PET and CT radiomics features were extracted by LIFEx 7.3.11 software. After using least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression and ten-fold cross-validation for feature selection, PET and CT radiomics models were constructed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to select important clinical features and construct clinical model. Finally, a combined model was established by combining the radiomics features with clinical features. ROC curve and AUC were used to evaluate the predictive performance of models, and Delong test was used to compare the differences in AUCs. Results:After features selection, a total of 3 PET radiomics features, 3 CT radiomics features and 2 clinical features were selected for the construction of radiomics model and clinical model respectively. Multivariate analysis of clinical data showed that pathological grade (odds ratio ( OR)=0.201, 95% CI: 0.052-0.699, P=0.014) and maximum diameter of the maximum lesion (D max) ( OR=1.033, 95% CI: 1.009-1.065, P=0.017) were associated with BCL-2/IgH expression status. In the training set, the AUCs of clinical model, PET radiomics model, CT radiomics model and combined model were 0.84, 0.80, 0.80 and 0.91 respectively. In the validation set, the AUCs of the four models were 0.55, 0.61, 0.66 and 0.71 respectively. The combined model exhibited a trend toward higher in AUC than other three models in both the training and validation sets ( z values: 0.50-1.71, P values: 0.087-0.620). Conclusion:It is valuable to predict BCL-2/IgH fusion gene expression status based on PET/CT radiomics combined with clinical features.

AIM:To analyze the mechanism of tumor-associated macrophage (TAMs) in the development of cervical cancer and to investigate its correlation with Th1/Th2 and Th17/CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3 + Treg.METHODS:Twenty seven cases of cervical cancer and 53 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (including 22 cases of CIN Ⅱ and 31 cases of CIN Ⅲ) were selected as subjects.The venous blood of patients before treatment was extracted to detect Th1/Th2 and Th17/CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg with flow cytometry,and detect serum IFN-γ,IL-4,IL-17A,IL-17F,TGF-β1 and IL-10 levels with ELISA Kits.Furthermore,pathological tissues were extracted during operation,and its TAMsCD68 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry technique.RESULTS:The Th1/Th2 and Th17/CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg of cervical cancer were both lower than those of CIN Ⅲ,and those of CIN Ⅲ were both lower than CIN Ⅱ,the difference between groups had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).The serum IFN-γ,IL-4,IL-17A,IL-17F,TGF-β1 and IL-10 levels of cervical cancer were all higher than those of CIN Ⅲ,and those of CIN Ⅲ were all higher than CIN Ⅱ,the difference between groups had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).The TAMsCD68 expression level of cervical cancer was higher than that of CIN Ⅲ,and that of CIN Ⅲ was lower than CIN Ⅱ,the difference between groups had statistical significance (P ＜ 0.05).The correlation analysis results showed TAMsCD68 expression level had negative correlations with Th1/Th2,Th17/CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ Treg,and serum IL-17A level,whereas presented positive correlations with serum IL-10 and IL-4 level (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION:TAMs is closely related with Th1/Th2 and Th17/CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + Treg in cervical cancer,and possibly is mediating the occurrence and development of cervical cancer through influencing the balance of these two systems.

Objective To analyze the therapeutic effect and tolerability of decitabine monotherapy or combined with arsenic trioxide for the treatment of patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Methods Clinical characteristics of 32 patients with primary MDS in North Hospital of Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University from January 2014 to April 2017 were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical data of these patients were collected, and the patients were followed up. Decitabine combined with arsenic trioxide was used in 23 cases, decitabine (20 mg·m-·2d-1) and arsenic trioxide (0.16 mg/kg) were administrated from day 1 to day 5 and was repeated every 4-6 weeks. For the remaining 9 cases, only decitabine was applied, decitabine(20 mg·m-2·d-1) was administrated from day 1 to day 5 and was repeated every 4-6 weeks. The clinicopathological characteristics and the effect of genetic mutations on the efficacy of treatment were investigated. Results Of the 32 patients with primary MDS, 18 were male and 14 were female. The patients were 17-72 years old with a median age of 56 years old. Genetic analysis revealed 10 cases with TP53 mutations, 8 cases with TET2 mutations, 4 cases with U2AF1 mutations, 3 cases with RUNX1 mutations, 3 cases with ASXL1 mutations, 2 cases with NRAS mutations, 2 cases with DNMT3A mutations and 1 case with JAK2 V617 mutation. The follow﹣up time was 2-23 months with a median follow﹣up time of 8 months. A total of 21 cases (65.6%) attained treatment response. Among them, there were 10 cases (31.3%) with complete remission (CR), 5 cases (15.6%) with bone marrow complete remission (MCR), and 6 cases (18.7%) with hematological improvement. There was no significant difference in the efficiency and CR rate between the combination group and the monotherapy group (P＝0.441, P＝0.681). Ten cases were found to have TP53 mutations, of which 7 cases had CR. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that TP53 mutation was an independent risk factor for CR (P＝ 0.037). All patients developed myelosuppression after treatment, of which 16 cases developed pulmonary infection. Conclusions Decitabine combined with arsenic trioxide in the treatment of MDS is effective and well tolerated. The therapeutic effects of decitabine monotherapy or decitabine combined with arsenic trioxide for treatment of patients with TP53 mutations are better than the average levels.

Objective:To investigate clinical efficacy and safety of venetoclax (VEN)-based regimens in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods:The clinical data of 41 AML patients treated with venetoclax-based regimens from January 2021 to December 2021 in Ruijin Hospital North of Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were retrospectively analyzed. The treatment regimens included VEN+demethylating drugs ± gene mutation inhibitors or VEN+chemotherapy with a median number of 2 courses (1- 5 courses).Results:The median age of all patients was 60 years (18-73 years), and there were 24 males and 17 females. After 1 course of VEN-based therapy, 22 (53.7%) patients achieved complete remission (CR) or morphological complete remission without complete blood count recovery (CRi), including 5 patients achieving minimal residual disease (MRD) negative. After 2 courses of treatment, of 17 patients available for efficacy evaluation, 7 patients achieved MRD negative. Among 20 relapsed/refractory AML patients, 9 cases achieved CR/CRi after 1 course of treatment, of which 1 patient had MRD negative. Among 21 patients initially treated and re-treated, 13 cases achieved CR/CRi and 1 case achieved partial remission after 1 course of treatment, of which 4 cases had MRD negative.Conclusions:VEN-based treatment regimens for AML have a high remission rate and tolerable adverse effects.