Objective To discuss the mechanism of inhibition of platelet activation by tanshinone type ⅡA(TanⅡA) through G protein signal pathway.Methods Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium bromide(MTT) test was used to determine the optimum effective concentration and optimal time of thrombin and TanⅡA on platelet.Northern blot and Western blot were used to detect the transcription and expression levels of G protein and related signal molecules,including protease activated receptors(PARs),P2Y1 and P2Y12 receptors,α2A-adrenergic receptor and thromboxane A2(TXA2) receptor,in control group,thrombin treated group and TanⅡA treated group,and the platelet aggregation rate was also detected.Results Platelet aggregation rate,and the transcription and expression levels of G protein and related molecules in thrombin treated group were higher than control group(P<0.05).The transcription and expression levels of G protein and related molecules in different concentrations of TanⅡA treated groups were lower than thrombin treated group(P<0.05).Conclusion TanⅡA could inhibit the activation of platelet by inhibiting the transcription and expression of G protein and the related molecules.

Objective To investigate the association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in COX-2 with aspirin resistance in Chinese cerebral infarction patients. Methods A total of 150 Chinese cerebral infarction patients were recruited. Platelet aggregation response was measured by light transmission aggregometry method and four SNPs located in COX2 gene were genotyped by sequencing method. Results Sixty patients of the total were classified as aspirin non-responders. For clinical variables , concentrations of high homocysteine and the frequency of recurrence cerebral infarction were significantly higher in aspirin non-responders when compared with aspirin responders. Univariate analysis of SNPs showed that rs20417 , rs689465 and rs689466 were significantly associated with aspirin resistance. Multivariate analysis indicated that after adjusting other SNPs and clinical risk factors, rs20417 and rs689466 were still significantly associated with aspirin resistance. Conclusions Rs689466 is significantly associated with aspirin resistance in Chinese cerebral infarction patients even after the adjustment of rs20417. By combining rs689466 , rs20417 and other clinical risk factors , we may better classify the aspirin non-responders from aspirin responders.

OBJECTIVEThis research aimed to detect the expression levels of ffh gene in Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) UA159 under different pH conditions, analyze the effect of pH on the expression of ffh gene in S. mutans, and identify the factors regulating the ffh gene expression.

METHODSSamples of S. mutans were collected at different growth stages (4 h, 18 h) and pH values (pH 4.0-7.0). Fluorescence quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure the relative mRNA expression and trend of the target gene ffh in S. mutans at different growth stages and pH values.

RESULTSqRT-PCR results showed that the ffh gene expression decreased along with pH at 4 h, but the expression increased with decreasing pH at 18 h. Under the same pH conditions, the ffh gene expression was significantly different between 4 h and 18 h (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGrowth stage and pH value influenced the ffh gene expression in S. mutans.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate culturing neural stem cells (NSCs) from rat embryos in vitro and to observe their growth and differentiation. METHOD: NSCs were isolated from hippocampus of SD rat embryos (P16-P18) and cultured in DMEM/F12 medium containing EGF, bFGF, B27. To observe process of cell proliferation by microscope and identify cell types by immunocytochemical analyses after differentiation. RESULT: NSCs grew well in serum-free conditional medium and their cell bodies present transparent with good refraction at about eighth day. After differentiation, the cells demonstrated NSE and GFAP immunoreactive. CONCLUSION NSCs were cultured well in serum-free conditional medium and they could be induced to differentiate into neurons and astrocytes in serum conditional medium.
Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Culture Media, Serum-Free ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; Hippocampus ; cytology ; embryology ; Multipotent Stem Cells ; cytology ; Neural Stem Cells ; cytology ; Pregnancy ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of specific immunotherapy (SIT) with standardized house dust mite allergen preparation for allergic rhinitis (AR). METHOD: Fifty-five patients with allergic rhinitis caused by house dust mites were selected in this self-control study. Clinical efficacy was evaluated by symptom and sign score after two years of specific immunotherapy and compared with pre-treatment scores. RESULT: After completing the study, a clinically significant reduction in symptom and sign score in these patients was noted, compared with that of pretreatment. And the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Standardized house dust mite allergen preparation is an effective treatment in patients suffering from allergic rhinitis due to house dust mites.
Allergens ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Antigens, Dermatophagoides ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; methods ; Male ; Pyroglyphidae ; immunology ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are progenitors of connective tissues, which have emerged as important tools for tissue engineering due to their differentiation potential along various cell types. In recent years, accumulating evidence has suggested that the regulation of mitochondria dynamics and function is essential for successful differentiation of MSCs. In this paper, we review and provide an integrated view on the role of mitochondria in MSC differentiation. The mitochondria are maintained at a relatively low activity level in MSCs, and upon induction, mtDNA copy number, protein levels of respiratory enzymes, the oxygen consumption rate, mRNA levels of mitochondrial biogenesis-associated genes, and intracellular ATP content are increased. The regulated level of mitochondrial ROS is found not only to influence differentiation but also to contribute to the direction determination of differentiation. Understanding the roles of mitochondrial dynamics during MSC differentiation will facilitate the optimization of differentiation protocols by adjusting biochemical properties, such as energy production or the redox status of stem cells, and ultimately, benefit the development of new pharmacologic strategies in regenerative medicine.
Adipogenesis ; physiology ; Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; physiology ; Chondrogenesis ; physiology ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stem Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Mitochondria ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Osteogenesis ; physiology ; RNA ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Mitochondrial ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism

Depressive disorder ranks as a major bur-den of disease worldwide,yet the current antidepressant medications are limited by frequent non-responsiveness and significant side effects.The lateral septum(LS)is thought to control of depression,however,the cellular and circuit substrates are largely unknown.Here,we identified a subpopulation of LS GABAergic adenosine A2A receptors(A2AR)-positive neurons mediating depres-sive symptoms via direct projects to the lateral habenula(LHb)and the dorsomedial hypothalamus(DMH).Activa-tion of A2AR in the LS augmented the spiking frequency of A2AR-positive neurons leading to a decreased activation of surrounding neurons and the bi-directional manipula-tion of LS-A2AR activity demonstrated that LS-A2ARs are necessary and sufficient to trigger depressive pheno-types.Thus,the optogenetic modulation(stimulation or inhibition)of LS-A2AR-positive neuronal activity or LS-A2AR-positive neurons projection terminals to the LHb or DMH,phenocopied depressive behaviors.Moreover,A2AR are upregulated in the LS in two male mouse mod-els of repeated stress-induced depression.This identifica-tion that aberrantly increased A2AR signaling in the LS is a critical upstream regulator of repeated stress-induced depressive-like behaviors provides a neurophysiological and circuit-based justification of the antidepressant poten-tial of A2AR antagonists,prompting their clinical transla-tion.

Objective To retrospectively analyse the outcomes following primary Sutureless technique used in our hospi-tal for neonates with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection(TAPVC)and sum up surgical operative experiences. Meth-ods Date were collected retrospectively in 42 neonates who underwent primary Sutureless technique for TAPVC between Janu-ary 2008 and December 2015. Cardiopulmonary bypass time,aortic clamped time,velocity of pulmonary veins and other relat-ed data were recorded during and after operation. Results There were 31 males and 11 females with median age of 8. 0 days old,of whom 25 were supracardiac TAPVC(59. 5％)and 17 were infracardiac TAPVC(40. 5％). After operation, 1 neonate died and none suffered from pulmonary vein obstruction(PVO). In follow-up period,there was 1 neonates suffered from PVO. Six neonates came back to hospital again because of septicemia,poor wound healing,bronchopneumonia and incomplete intesti-nal obstruction. Conclusion Sutureless technique is a wise surgical strategy for neonates with TAPVC for better outcomes and decreasing postoperative mortality rate and recurrence rate of PVO.

Humans ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ; Follow-Up Studies ; Cohort Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Knee Joint/surgery* ; Knee Prosthesis ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery*