Objective To investigate the effect of transforming growth factor β receptor-Ⅱ(TGF-βRⅡ) on AngⅡ inducing glomerular mesangial cell(GMC) proliferation and the expressions of TGF-β1 and psmad3 through transfecting TGF-βRⅡsmall interfering RNA(siRNA)into GMC. Methods Through transfecting fluo-rescence control siRNA into GMC ,we observed the transfection efficiency under fluorescence microscope after 6 hours. Transfecting TGF-βRⅡsiRNA and negative control siRNA into GMC respectively ,we detected the expres-sion of TGF-βRⅡ by western blot after 24 hours. The cells were divided into four groups:control group,AngⅡgroup,negative siRNA control group and TGF-βRⅡ siRNA group. Each group was stimulated by AngⅡ except the control group. After 24 hours,we detected the TGF-β1 and psmad3 protein levels by western blot and detected GMC proliferation by CCK8 kit. Results (1) Comparing with the scrambled control group,the expression of TGFβRⅡin the TGF-βRⅡsiRNA group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).(2)AngⅡcould accelerate the expression of TGF-β1. Transfecting TGF-βRⅡsiRNA into GMC decreased the expression of TGF-β1 protein(P<0.05).(3)AngⅡ could stimulate the phosphorylation of smad3. Transfecting TGF-βRⅡ siRNA into GMC de-creased the expression of psmad3 protein(P < 0.05).(4)Transfecting TGF-βRⅡ siRNA into GMC relieved the GMC proliferation AngⅡ-promoted(P < 0.05). Conclusions The AngⅡ stimulates the GMC proliferation,de-pending on the expression of TGF-βRⅡ. It is related to the expressions of TGF-β1 and psmad3.

Objective To evaluate the prognostic significance of carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX) expression in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Methods CA IX expression in a cohort of 120 patients with ccRCC was evaluated by P-V immunohistochemistry with a rabbit CA IX polyclonal antibody. Twenty-five normal kidney tissues were used as a control. The relationship between CA IX expression and prognosis was analyzed by univariate and multiple-factor analysis (Cox regression model). The primary end point was cancer specific survival. Results One hundred and twelve (93.3%) patients were followed up with the median follow-up time of 45 months (range, 6 to 94 months). Seventy-five patients survived without evidence of tumor recurrence, 3 patients survived with tumor recurrence, and 34 patients died, 28 of the 34 died of cancer. CA IX expression was negative in all normal renal tissue. High CA IX expression was observed in 89 (74.2%) patients, among which 82 patients were followed up, and the disease free survival was 75.6% (62/82). Two (2.4%) patients survived with tumor recurrence, and 18 (22.0%) patients died, of which 13 (15.9%) died of cancer. Tumor recurrence and (or) metastasis occurred in 9 (11.0%) patients, with a median survival of 92 months in this high expression group. Low CA IX expression was observed in 31 (25.8%) patients, among which 30 patients were followed up, and the disease free survival was 43.3% (13/30). One (3.3%) patient survived with tumor recurrence, and 16 (53.3%) patients died, of which 15 (50.0%) died of cancer. Tumor recurrence and (or) metastasis occurred in 8 (26.7%) patients with a median survival of 53 months in this low expression group. Cancer specific survival between CA IX high expression group and low expression group was significantly different (P=0.000, χ2=15.950), and tumor relapse and (or) metastasis rates were significantly different (P=0.040, χ2=4.200). The 1, 3, 5 and 7 year cancer specific survival rates were 95.2%, 83.9%, 81.2% and 78.2% respectively in the high CA IX expression group, and 89.5%, 63.9%, 46.8% and 40.1% respectively in the low expression group. Multivariate analysis with Cox regression model showed that CA IX expression was a prognostic factor (RR=0.186). Conclusions High CA IX expression is negatively correlated with postoperative mortality, relapse and (or) metastasis in ccRCC. CA IX expression could be used as a prognostic biomarker in ccRCC.

Objective:To explore the effects of human recombinant erythropoietin (rhEPO) on inflammation of hyperoxic lung injury in neonatal rats.Methods:Seventy-two neonatal rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group, BPD group, hyperoxia + low-dose recombinant erythropoietin [EPO(L)]group, and hyperoxia + high-dose recombinant erythropoietin [EPO(H)]group.The neonatal rats in BPD group, hyperoxia + EPO(L)group and hyperoxia + EPO(H)group were exposed to 850 mL/L oxygen.Then the neonatal rats in hyperoxia + EPO(L)group and hyperoxia + EPO(H)group were given 800 IU/kg and 2 000 IU/kg rhEPO by subcutaneous injection respectively at 1 d, 3 d and 7 d, while the control group and BPD group were given the same amount of 9 g/L saline water.Initially, the body weight of each group was recorded at 3 d, 7 d and 14 d. The morphological structure changes of lung tissues were observed by HE staining under light microscope, and the radial alveolar count(RAC) in lung tissues were detected.The expression of nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB) was detected by immunofluorescence staining; Western blot was applied to determine the protein expression of phosphorylated NF-κB(pNF-κB), inhibitor protein(IκB) and Caspase-3 in lung tissues; and the expression of interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:(1) On the 14 th day, the body weight of neonatal rats in the BPD group was lower than that in the control group [(18.97±3.21) g vs.(27.97±2.30) g], and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.01); however, the body weights of neonatal rats in the hyperoxia+ EPO(L)group and hyperoxia+ EPO(H)group[(24.16±2.15) g, (26.04±1.97) g] was much heavier than that in the BPD group, and the differences was statistically significant(all P<0.05). (2) The morphological structure of lung tissues which was observed by HE staining showed that in the BPD group, there were a few inflammatory cells infiltration in alveolar septum on the 3 rd day, the inflammatory response was more evident on the 7 th day, when exudation could be seen in the alveolar cavity; and on the 14 th day, the number of pulmonary alveoli decreased, pulmonary bulla formed, and septa were thickened.Besides, it was also observed that compared with control group, RAC was significantly decreased in BPD group on the 14 th day(5.50±1.29 vs.14.33±2.80), and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.01). Pathological changes were ameliorated and the infiltration of inflammatory reaction cells was reduced in the hyperoxia+ EPO(L)group and hyperoxia + EPO(H)group.RAC was remarkably higher in the hyperoxia+ EPO(L)group and hyperoxia+ EPO(H)group than that in the BPD group on the 14 th day, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). (3)Immunofluorescence results showed that: the number of NF-κB p65 positive cells increased significantly and fluorescence intensity increased in the BPD group, while EPO could greatly reduce the number of NF-κB p65 positive cells and lower the fluorescence intensity.(4)Western blot results indicated that compared with the control group, the expressions of pNF-κB p65 and Cleaved Caspase-3 was significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05); and IκB was significantly lower, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The expression of NF-κB p65 and Cleaved Caspase-3 was significantly lower, but IκB was significantly higher in the hyperoxia+ EPO(L)group and the hyperoxia+ EPO(H)group than those in the BPD group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). (5) ELISA results revealed that the expression of IL-1β in the BPD group was significantly higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05); Compared with BPD group, the expression of IL-1β was significantly lower in the hyperoxia+ EPO(L)group and hyperoxia+ EPO(H)group, and the differences were statistically significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions:EPO can reduce hyperoxia-induced lung tissue apoptosis and protect newborn rats against hyperoxic lung injury by decreasing the inflammatory response of cells through the NF-κB pathway on BPD.