Diabetes mellitus has become the third threaten diseases second only to cardiovascular disease and tumor.Many re-searches demonstrated that the microRNAs(miRNAs)in blood related to the occurrence and development of diabetes melli-tus.Because of the non-invasion and repeatability of circulating miRNAs,the circulating miRNAs have a broad application prospect of diagnosis and prognosis evaluation for various types of diabetes.This overview arms to introduce the source and characters of circulating miRNA,and also the progress of circulating miRNA related to diabetes mellitus,so as to lay a foun-dation for further research.

Objective To study the effect of small interfering RNA targeted on Apollon for proliferation on pancreatic cancer cells and its possible acting mechanism.Methods The small interfering RNA targeted on apollon in our previous study was transfected to the cells using LipofectamineTM 2000,after 48 hours transtection.The inhibitory effects of small interfering RNA targeted on Apollon (Apollon siRNA)on cell proliferation were detected by WST-8.Their inhibition rate and IC50 were calculated.The percentage of apoptosis cells were determined by flow cytometry.The expression of Apollon mRNA was analyzed by real time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.The Apollon protein ex-pression levels were detected by western blotting.Results Apollon siRNA could effectively inhibit the proliferation of pan-creatic cancer cell.The amount of apoptotic cells increased significantly.The early apoptotic rate was 37.1%,and the RT-PCR results showed that the relative expression levels of Apollon mRNA were down-regulate,and shows a dose-effective-ness relations.The protein expression levels were decreased by Apollon siRNA.Conclusion Apollon siRNA can effectively inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell.The mechanism may be work together to promote pancreative cancer cell early apoptosis and decreased the expression levels of gene and protein,which provides a novel potential approach for treat-ment of target therapy of pancreatic cancer.

Objective Toinvestigateserumalanineaminotransferase(ALT)andtotalbilirubin(TB)concentrationsofchildrenin Panyu district of Guangzhou ,and establish the reference ranges for ALT and TB tests for healthy children of different gender and different age .Methods 4 065 children were chosen randomly ,and their serum ALT and TB were determined .After excluding the outliers ,the results were analyzed statistically .Results After excluding outliers ,a total of 4 000 children were enrolled in the stud-y ,including 2 241 males ,1 759 females ,aged 2- <9 years old .According to statistical analysis ,reference ranges were established . For male the ALT reference ranges were as follows ,2- <3 years old :5 .0-36 .0 U/L ,3- <4 years old :7 .0-21 .0 U/L ,4- <8 years old :6 .0-21 .0 U/L ,8- <9 years old :5 .0-24 .0 U/L ;TB reference ranges of male were as follows ,2- <3 years old :3-12μmol/L ,3- <7 years old :4-15 μmol/L ,7- <8 years old :4-16 μmol/L ,8- <9 years old :7-12 μmol/L .ALT reference range of female were as follows ,2- <3 years old :6 .0-30 .0 U/L ,3- <4 years old:7 .0-22 .0 U/L ,4- <9 years old :6 .0-19 .0 U/L ;female TB reference range ,2- <3 years old :3 .0-12 .0 μmol/L ,3- <4 years old :3 .0-13 .0 μmol/L ,4- <9 years old:4 .0-16 . 0 μmol/L .Conclusion Established the reference ranges of ALT and TB test for healthy children in Panyu district .

Objective To understand the children health care and the prevention of lead pollution in Panyu in the future by re-search on the detection result of blood lead from Panyu children during 2011 and 2012.Methods The detection of whole blood lead was by atomic absorption spectrometer from body examination in 6 308 children in Panyu Center Hospital be-tween 2011 and 2012:①The blood lead result from assigned children were divided into five age groups:infancy group (1~12 months,1 511 cases),toddler age group (1~2 years,1 558 cases),preschool age group (3~6 years,1 704 cases),school age group (7~11 years,1 076 cases)and adolescence group (12~18 years,459 cases).②Based on different age group,each group was separated by male and female.③According to the detection year,each group was also put into 2011 and 2012 re-spectively.Results The overall level of children blood lead in Panyu,Guangzhou in 2011 and 2012 was 37.01±29.18μg/L, and the total poisoning rate was 1.2 9%.Along with the growth of age,the overall level of children blood lead was in up-wards trend but the poisoning rate kept in a stable level beginning from infant stage.The blood lead level of boys in Panyu was 38.87±30.18μg/L,and the poisoning rate was 1.91%;the blood lead level of girls was 34.13±27.32μg/L,and the poisoning rate was 1.29%.The blood lead levels and the poisoning rates of boys were higher than girl’s in most of age groups.Conclusion Compared with other big cities like Guangzhou,the blood lead level of children in Panyu was declined but it’s not the standard performance,and there’s a certain extent of lead pollution.So in addition to reinforce pollution con-trol from government,parents and children should enhance the knowledge,education and precaution of lead poisoning.

Marked by the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the CPC, Shanghai health care started a journey of reform and opening up as with other sectors. This essay reviews various stages Shanghai health care experienced and the achievements for the last 30 years since reform and opening up, and analyzes the challenges Shanghai health care faces currently. On this basis, the essay summaries the experiences and lessons learned from Shanghai health care reform and development.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the characteristics of psychological defense style and clinical symptoms of eating attitude in patients with anorexia nervosa patients. Methods Totally 92 ca?ses ( 46 cases of restricting type,46 cases of binge?eating/purging type,48 cases of early onset before 16 years old, 44 cases of late onset after 16 years old) meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Forth Edition ( DSM?4) for anorexia nervosa (AN) were collected.92 gender?marriage?and education?matched normal cases in a psychiatric hospital were selected as the healthy control group(HC) .All were assessed with defensive style questionnaire(DSQ) and eating attitude test?26(EAT?26).DSQ and EAT?26 were compared between AN and HC,between early onset of AN( before 16 old years) and late onset of AN( after 16 old years) ,and between AN?R and AN?P.Then correlation study was done for the AN. Results Compared with HC,AN showed higher scores in the immature defense,neurotic defense ((4.49±1.13)vs (3.55±0.93),(4.33±0.76)vs (3.88±0.69), P<0.001), and higher EAT?26 median total and factor scores of dieting scale items,bulimia&food preoccupation scale items, oral control subscale items (P<0.01).Compared with AN?R,AN?P showed higher scores in the immature defense ((4.49±1.03)vs (4.79±1.13), P=0.01),and higher EAT?26 median total and factor score of bulimia&food pre?occupation scale items (P<0.05, P<0.01).The correlations between immature defense and EAT?26 total score,be?tween neurotic defense and EAT?26 total score were significant( r=0.472, P<0.001;r=0.315, P=0.002). The correlations between immature defense and EAT?26 dieting score, between neurotic defense and EAT?26 dieting score were significant( r=0.343, P<0.001, r=0.257, P=0.014).The correlations between immature defense and EAT?26 bulimia & food preoccupation score,between neurotic defense and EAT?26 bulimia & food preoccupation score were significant( r=0.523, P<0.001, r=0.267, P=0.010).The correlations between immature defense and duration were significant( r=0.375, P<0.001).The correlations between all defense factors and BMI were not sig?nificant( r=-0.15?0.25, P>0.05) . Conclusion AN patients tend to use more immature defense and neurotic de?fense compared with HC,and AN?P patients use more immature defense compared with AN?R. Immature defense and neurotic defense are related to the eating attitude,and the immature defense is related the duration.

Smart dressings, which show obvious advantage and potential in wound treatment and real-time monitoring, attract widespread attention in recent years. Real-time and dynamic acquiring wound information is vital to the treatment and prognosis of wound. Further research on smart dressings is helpful for wound management, personalized treatment, and realization of medical application translation of health monitoring technology. In the article, we categorize smart dressings and conclude their functions according to the type of micro-environment information of wound gathered by smart dressings.

Objective:To explore the role of macrophage polarization on pericyte-to-myofibroblast transition and renal allograft fibrosis after kidney transplantation(KT).Methods:Allograft tissues were harvestedfrom recipients with chronic allograft dysfunction(CGD)and normal kidney tissues.The expression and distribution of M1/M2 macrophages in kidney tissues were detected by routine and immunofluorescent staining; mRNA of CD68, CD206 and iNOS detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR); Murine vascular pericytes subjected to TGF-β1 in vitro and the expressions of α-SMA and PDGFR-β in perivascular cells detected by immunoblotting and cellular fluorescence; The co-culturing models of vascular pericytes and M1/M2 macrophages were constructed.The expressions of α-SMA and PDGFR-β in pericytes were detected by immunoblotting, cellular fluorescence and PCR.Results:A marked infiltration of CD68+ iNOS+ M1 macrophages was present in allograft tissues of recipients with CGD while no obvious infiltration of CD68 + CD206 + was observed.The mRNA levels of CD68, iNOS and CD206 were significantly higher in CGD group than those in control group( P<0.05); In CGD allograft tissues, protein expressions of α-SMA and PDGFR-β spiked markedly( P<0.05)while cells with double staining of α-SMA and PDGFR-β were markedly infiltrated in interstitial area of CGD allograft.TGF-β1 could induce a marked elevation of PMT-related markers in a time-dependent manner( P<0.05); Immunoblotting and cellukar fluorescence indicated that M1 macrophages could promote the elevations of α-SMA and PDGFR-β in pericytes in vitro while M2 macrophages showed no effect on pericyte-to-myofibroblast transition in pericytes. Conclusions:M1 macrophage polarization may promote the formation of renal allograft interstitial fibrosis through promoting PMT.

Objective:To develop a wireless sensor module for wound temperature and pressure (hereinafter referred to as wireless sensor module), and to carry out related characteristic test and biosafety evaluation.Methods:(1) The structure and working mode of the wireless sensor module were designed. The temperature and humidity sensor welded at one end of the flexible cable and the pressure sensor were simultaneously connected with the printed circuit board, which was welded with the Bluetooth transmitter, microprocessor, and power interface to establish a wireless sensor module. A mobile data receiving application was developed and the monitoring values of the wireless sensor module exposed to the air were read through the Bluetooth function on the smart phone. (2) The temperature of a 35-42 ℃ hot water bag was measured by the wireless sensor module and an infrared thermometer at the same time, and 30 pairs of data were compared with correlation analysis performed. (3) The vacuum sealing drainage material was pasted on the arm of the second author, and the wireless sensor module was placed in the condition of negative pressure. The negative pressure values measured by the wireless sensor module and the negative pressure meter values were recorded at the same time, and 14 pairs of data were compared with correlation analysis performed. (4) The corresponding material extract was prepared by adding 1 mL normal saline per 3 square centimeters surface area of the pressure sensor or flexible cable with temperature and humidity sensor welded respectively. Twenty 6-8 week-old female C57BL/6 mice were weighed before experiment and divided into pressure sensor extract group, flexible cable extract group, mixed extract group, and normal saline group according to the random number table ( n=5). The abnormal toxic reactions of mice were observed after intraperitoneal injection of pressure sensor extract, flexible cable with temperature and humidity sensor welded extract, 1∶1 mixed extract of pressure sensor extract and flexible cable with temperature and humidity sensor welded extract, and normal saline for 50 mL/kg in corresponding groups. The body mass of mice was weighed at 24, 48, and 72 hours after injection, and the toxicity of the materials was evaluated comprehensively. (5) Four Japanese big ear white rabbits aged 3-6 months were selected, and there was no limit between male and female. Two regions on the left side of the spine were applied with aseptic gauze as aseptic gauze group, and two areas on the right side of the spine were applied with wireless sensor module as wireless sensor module group. The skin status of each region was evaluated at 1, 12, 24, 48 hours after application, and the score according to the skin irritation score standard was recorded. (6) The corresponding material extract was prepared by adding 1 mL serum-free Dulbecco′s modification of Eagle′s medium (DMEM) per 1 square centimeter surface area of the pressure sensor or flexible cable with temperature and humidity sensor welded respectively. L-929 fibroblasts were divided into pressure sensor extract group, flexible cable extract group, phenol control group, and medium control group. The corresponding extract was added in the first two groups, the phenol control group was added with 64 g/L phenol, and the medium control group was cultured with serum-free DMEM. The total volumes of the above four groups were all 100 μL. The absorbance values on the 2nd, 4th, 7th day of culture were detected by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium method to calculate the cell proliferation rate ( n=6 at each time point) and to grade the cytotoxicity. Data were statistically analyzed with paired samples t test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, Pearson correlation analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, analysis of variance for repeated measurement, analysis of variance for factorial design, one-way analysis of variance, and Bonferroni correction. Results:(1) The smart phone successfully received the air temperature, humidity, and pressure information detected by the wireless sensor module through the Bluetooth function. (2) The temperature of the hot water bag measured by the wireless sensor module was (37.7±1.7) ℃, which was close to (37.7±1.7) ℃ of the infrared thermometer ( t=-0.112, P>0.05), and there was a significant positive correlation between them ( r=0.996, P<0.01). (3) The negative pressure of arm under negative pressure material measured by the wireless sensor module was -36.7 (-38.8, -27.4) kPa, which was significantly lower than -22.7 (-32.7, -12.5) kPa of negative pressure meter ( Z=-3.235, P<0.01), but there was a significant positive correlation between their absolute values ( ρ=1.000, P<0.01). (4) There was no abnormal toxic reaction in all groups of rats, and there was no statistically significant difference in body mass among the four groups of mice ( F=3.132, P>0.05). (5) The scores of skin irritation in application region of rats in the two groups were similar at 1, 12, 24, 48 hours after application ( Z=-1.000, <0.001, -0.620, <0.001, P>0.05). (6) At each time point of culture, compared with that of medium control group, the cell proliferation rate increased significantly in pressure sensor extract group and flexible cable extract group ( P<0.01) but decreased significantly in phenol control group ( P<0.01). On the 2nd, 4th, 7th day of culture, the cytotoxicity grade of phenol control group was 1, 1, and 2 respectively, and the cytotoxicity grade of each extract group was 0. Conclusions:The wireless sensor module integrates temperature, humidity, and pressure sensors, which can monitor local temperature and pressure and realize the visualization of parameters on the mobile application program. The measurement of temperature is accurate and the pressure measurement results are consistent with the values of the negative pressure meter with good biosafety. It possesses a big value in clinical application and prospects for development.

Cornus officinalis,a medicinal and edible plant known for its liver-nourishing properties,has shown promise in inhibiting the activation of hepatic stellate cells(HSCs),crucial indicators of hepatic fibrosis,especially when processed by high pressure wine steaming(HPWS).Herein,this study aims to investigate the regulatory effects of cornus officinalis,both in its raw and HPWS forms,on inflammation and apoptosis in liver fibrosis and their underlying mechanisms.In vivo liver fibrosis models were established by subcutaneous injection of CCl4,while in vitro HSCs were exposed to transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β).These findings demonstrated that cornus officinalis with HPWS conspicuously ameliorated his-topathological injury,reduced the release of proinflammatory factors,and decreased collagen deposition in CCl4-induced rats compared to its raw form.Utilizing ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometer(UHPLC-QTOF-MS)combined with network analysis,we identified that the pharmacological effects of the changed components of cornus officinalis before and after HPWS,primarily centered on the adenosine phosphate(AMP)-activated protein kinase(AMPK)pathway.Of note,cornus officinalis activated AMPK and sirtuin 3(SIRT3),promoting the apoptosis of activated HSCs through the caspase cascade by regulating caspase3,caspase6 and caspase9.small interfering RNA(siRNA)experiments showed that cornus officinalis could regulate AMPK activity and its mediated-apoptosis through SIRT3.In conclusion,cornus officinalis exhibited the ability to reduce inflammation and apoptosis,with the SIRT3-AMPK signaling pathway identified as a potential mecha-nism underlying the synergistic effect of cornus officinalis with HPWS on anti-liver fibrosis.