Diabetes mellitus has become the third threaten diseases second only to cardiovascular disease and tumor.Many re-searches demonstrated that the microRNAs(miRNAs)in blood related to the occurrence and development of diabetes melli-tus.Because of the non-invasion and repeatability of circulating miRNAs,the circulating miRNAs have a broad application prospect of diagnosis and prognosis evaluation for various types of diabetes.This overview arms to introduce the source and characters of circulating miRNA,and also the progress of circulating miRNA related to diabetes mellitus,so as to lay a foun-dation for further research.

Objective To study the effect of small interfering RNA targeted on Apollon for proliferation on pancreatic cancer cells and its possible acting mechanism.Methods The small interfering RNA targeted on apollon in our previous study was transfected to the cells using LipofectamineTM 2000,after 48 hours transtection.The inhibitory effects of small interfering RNA targeted on Apollon (Apollon siRNA)on cell proliferation were detected by WST-8.Their inhibition rate and IC50 were calculated.The percentage of apoptosis cells were determined by flow cytometry.The expression of Apollon mRNA was analyzed by real time fluorescent quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.The Apollon protein ex-pression levels were detected by western blotting.Results Apollon siRNA could effectively inhibit the proliferation of pan-creatic cancer cell.The amount of apoptotic cells increased significantly.The early apoptotic rate was 37.1%,and the RT-PCR results showed that the relative expression levels of Apollon mRNA were down-regulate,and shows a dose-effective-ness relations.The protein expression levels were decreased by Apollon siRNA.Conclusion Apollon siRNA can effectively inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell.The mechanism may be work together to promote pancreative cancer cell early apoptosis and decreased the expression levels of gene and protein,which provides a novel potential approach for treat-ment of target therapy of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To understand the children health care and the prevention of lead pollution in Panyu in the future by re-search on the detection result of blood lead from Panyu children during 2011 and 2012.Methods The detection of whole blood lead was by atomic absorption spectrometer from body examination in 6 308 children in Panyu Center Hospital be-tween 2011 and 2012:①The blood lead result from assigned children were divided into five age groups:infancy group (1~12 months,1 511 cases),toddler age group (1~2 years,1 558 cases),preschool age group (3~6 years,1 704 cases),school age group (7~11 years,1 076 cases)and adolescence group (12~18 years,459 cases).②Based on different age group,each group was separated by male and female.③According to the detection year,each group was also put into 2011 and 2012 re-spectively.Results The overall level of children blood lead in Panyu,Guangzhou in 2011 and 2012 was 37.01±29.18μg/L, and the total poisoning rate was 1.2 9%.Along with the growth of age,the overall level of children blood lead was in up-wards trend but the poisoning rate kept in a stable level beginning from infant stage.The blood lead level of boys in Panyu was 38.87±30.18μg/L,and the poisoning rate was 1.91%;the blood lead level of girls was 34.13±27.32μg/L,and the poisoning rate was 1.29%.The blood lead levels and the poisoning rates of boys were higher than girl’s in most of age groups.Conclusion Compared with other big cities like Guangzhou,the blood lead level of children in Panyu was declined but it’s not the standard performance,and there’s a certain extent of lead pollution.So in addition to reinforce pollution con-trol from government,parents and children should enhance the knowledge,education and precaution of lead poisoning.

Objective Toinvestigateserumalanineaminotransferase(ALT)andtotalbilirubin(TB)concentrationsofchildrenin Panyu district of Guangzhou ,and establish the reference ranges for ALT and TB tests for healthy children of different gender and different age .Methods 4 065 children were chosen randomly ,and their serum ALT and TB were determined .After excluding the outliers ,the results were analyzed statistically .Results After excluding outliers ,a total of 4 000 children were enrolled in the stud-y ,including 2 241 males ,1 759 females ,aged 2- <9 years old .According to statistical analysis ,reference ranges were established . For male the ALT reference ranges were as follows ,2- <3 years old :5 .0-36 .0 U/L ,3- <4 years old :7 .0-21 .0 U/L ,4- <8 years old :6 .0-21 .0 U/L ,8- <9 years old :5 .0-24 .0 U/L ;TB reference ranges of male were as follows ,2- <3 years old :3-12μmol/L ,3- <7 years old :4-15 μmol/L ,7- <8 years old :4-16 μmol/L ,8- <9 years old :7-12 μmol/L .ALT reference range of female were as follows ,2- <3 years old :6 .0-30 .0 U/L ,3- <4 years old:7 .0-22 .0 U/L ,4- <9 years old :6 .0-19 .0 U/L ;female TB reference range ,2- <3 years old :3 .0-12 .0 μmol/L ,3- <4 years old :3 .0-13 .0 μmol/L ,4- <9 years old:4 .0-16 . 0 μmol/L .Conclusion Established the reference ranges of ALT and TB test for healthy children in Panyu district .

Marked by the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee of the CPC, Shanghai health care started a journey of reform and opening up as with other sectors. This essay reviews various stages Shanghai health care experienced and the achievements for the last 30 years since reform and opening up, and analyzes the challenges Shanghai health care faces currently. On this basis, the essay summaries the experiences and lessons learned from Shanghai health care reform and development.

Smart dressings, which show obvious advantage and potential in wound treatment and real-time monitoring, attract widespread attention in recent years. Real-time and dynamic acquiring wound information is vital to the treatment and prognosis of wound. Further research on smart dressings is helpful for wound management, personalized treatment, and realization of medical application translation of health monitoring technology. In the article, we categorize smart dressings and conclude their functions according to the type of micro-environment information of wound gathered by smart dressings.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the characteristics of psychological defense style and clinical symptoms of eating attitude in patients with anorexia nervosa patients. Methods Totally 92 ca?ses ( 46 cases of restricting type,46 cases of binge?eating/purging type,48 cases of early onset before 16 years old, 44 cases of late onset after 16 years old) meeting the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,Forth Edition ( DSM?4) for anorexia nervosa (AN) were collected.92 gender?marriage?and education?matched normal cases in a psychiatric hospital were selected as the healthy control group(HC) .All were assessed with defensive style questionnaire(DSQ) and eating attitude test?26(EAT?26).DSQ and EAT?26 were compared between AN and HC,between early onset of AN( before 16 old years) and late onset of AN( after 16 old years) ,and between AN?R and AN?P.Then correlation study was done for the AN. Results Compared with HC,AN showed higher scores in the immature defense,neurotic defense ((4.49±1.13)vs (3.55±0.93),(4.33±0.76)vs (3.88±0.69), P<0.001), and higher EAT?26 median total and factor scores of dieting scale items,bulimia&food preoccupation scale items, oral control subscale items (P<0.01).Compared with AN?R,AN?P showed higher scores in the immature defense ((4.49±1.03)vs (4.79±1.13), P=0.01),and higher EAT?26 median total and factor score of bulimia&food pre?occupation scale items (P<0.05, P<0.01).The correlations between immature defense and EAT?26 total score,be?tween neurotic defense and EAT?26 total score were significant( r=0.472, P<0.001;r=0.315, P=0.002). The correlations between immature defense and EAT?26 dieting score, between neurotic defense and EAT?26 dieting score were significant( r=0.343, P<0.001, r=0.257, P=0.014).The correlations between immature defense and EAT?26 bulimia & food preoccupation score,between neurotic defense and EAT?26 bulimia & food preoccupation score were significant( r=0.523, P<0.001, r=0.267, P=0.010).The correlations between immature defense and duration were significant( r=0.375, P<0.001).The correlations between all defense factors and BMI were not sig?nificant( r=-0.15?0.25, P>0.05) . Conclusion AN patients tend to use more immature defense and neurotic de?fense compared with HC,and AN?P patients use more immature defense compared with AN?R. Immature defense and neurotic defense are related to the eating attitude,and the immature defense is related the duration.

Objective:To explore the role of macrophage polarization on pericyte-to-myofibroblast transition and renal allograft fibrosis after kidney transplantation(KT).Methods:Allograft tissues were harvestedfrom recipients with chronic allograft dysfunction(CGD)and normal kidney tissues.The expression and distribution of M1/M2 macrophages in kidney tissues were detected by routine and immunofluorescent staining; mRNA of CD68, CD206 and iNOS detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR); Murine vascular pericytes subjected to TGF-β1 in vitro and the expressions of α-SMA and PDGFR-β in perivascular cells detected by immunoblotting and cellular fluorescence; The co-culturing models of vascular pericytes and M1/M2 macrophages were constructed.The expressions of α-SMA and PDGFR-β in pericytes were detected by immunoblotting, cellular fluorescence and PCR.Results:A marked infiltration of CD68+ iNOS+ M1 macrophages was present in allograft tissues of recipients with CGD while no obvious infiltration of CD68 + CD206 + was observed.The mRNA levels of CD68, iNOS and CD206 were significantly higher in CGD group than those in control group( P<0.05); In CGD allograft tissues, protein expressions of α-SMA and PDGFR-β spiked markedly( P<0.05)while cells with double staining of α-SMA and PDGFR-β were markedly infiltrated in interstitial area of CGD allograft.TGF-β1 could induce a marked elevation of PMT-related markers in a time-dependent manner( P<0.05); Immunoblotting and cellukar fluorescence indicated that M1 macrophages could promote the elevations of α-SMA and PDGFR-β in pericytes in vitro while M2 macrophages showed no effect on pericyte-to-myofibroblast transition in pericytes. Conclusions:M1 macrophage polarization may promote the formation of renal allograft interstitial fibrosis through promoting PMT.

Objective: To explore the value of vector angle of Lorenz plots(LPs) and the role of combining B-line slope in improving the diagnostic efficiency of arrhythmia． Methods: LPs of 119 cases with ventricular premature contraction (VPC group ) ，97 cases with supraventricular premature contraction(SPC group) ，52 cases with type II°I atrioventricular block ( Ⅱ ° Ⅰ group) and 54 cases with type Ⅱ ° Ⅱ atrioventricular / sinoatrial block ( Ⅱ ° Ⅱ group) were retrospectively analyzed．The B-line slope and vector angle were measured，and the differences between groups were compared. Receiver operating characteristic curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of B-line slope，vector angle and their combination between groups ，and MedCalc software was used for statistical comparison．The consistency of intra-observer and inter-observer measurements of B-line slope and vector angle was evaluated using Intra group correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plot. Results: There were significant differences between VPC group and SPC group，and between Ⅱ ° Ⅰ group and II°II group (P＜0. 05) ．The area under the curve (AUC) of B-line slope，vector angle，and the combination of the two in distinguishing ventricular and supraventricular premature contraction were 0. 81，0. 84 and 0. 87 respectively，and the AUC in distinguishing type Ⅱ ° Ⅰ and type Ⅱ ° Ⅱ atrioventricular / sinoatrial block were 0. 76，0. 78 and 0. 80 respectively．The ICC of vector angle was better than B-line slope (Intra-observer 0. 99 vs 0. 98，Inter-observer 0. 97 vs 0. 96) ． Conclusion Vector angle can be used to identify the type of arrhythmia，and has good intraobserver and interobserver consistency．Its combination with B-line slope has the highest accuracy in diagnosing arrhythmia，providing a new reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment.