Oxyfedrine (Oxy ) exhibited inhibitory effect on washed rabbit platelet aggregation and MDA production induced by thrombin (4 U /ml) . The concentration of Oxy causing 50% inhibition of platelet aggregation induced by thrombin was 254 ?mol/L . Up to 2 nig/ml, acetysalicylic acid (ASA) could not antagonize platelet aggregation induced by thrombin 。 However, ASA 50 ?g/ml reduced the generation of MDA markedly. These results suggest that anti-aggregation of Oxy may be related to inhibition of PAF formation and the effect of Oxy on MDA generation may be due to the inhibition of arachi-donic acid release.

Typha angustifocia L(TA ) and its extracts: total flavones ( FT ) , organic acids ( OT ) , and poly saccharide ( PT ) inhibited platelet-aggregation induced by arachidonic acid in rabbits significantly and dose-dependend in vitro. The IC50-m of TA, FT, OT and PT for maximum aggregation % was 9.3, 3.0, 12.1, and 6.5g/L PRP and IC50-s for aggregating slope was 10.8, 4.3, 17.7 and 15.3 g/L PRP respectively. The ratio of IC50-m/IC50-s was TA 1 : 1.2, FT 1 : 1.4, OT 1 : 1.5, and PT I : 2.4 respectively. FT and OT also showed inhibition to platelet aggregation exvivo. The results proved that flavones may be the principal effective ingredient of Typha angustifocia L on platelet aggregation and responsible for the difference the drug effects on maximum aggregation % and aggregation slope between.

In the isolated perfused rat heart, TFH counteracted significantly the arrhythmias caused by perfusing with a solution without oxygen; increased ventricular fibrillation threshold markedly and showed a good dose-effective relation; prolonged the P-R period of electrocardiogram and decreased the heart rate and fell the amplitude of cardiac contraction markedly; and counteracted significantly the decrease of the heart rate and the amplitude of cardiac contraction caused by perfusing with a solution without oxygen. In the isolated guinea pig left atrium, TFH prolonged the function refractory period slightly. In the isolated guinea pig right atrium, TFH increased the accumulated dose of aconitine inducing arrhythmias.

AimTo study the effects of aspirin (Asp) and verapamil(Ver)alone or in combination on mesenteric microcirculation of rats. MethodsAcute microcirculation disturbance(AMD) was produced by highmolecular weight dextran(Mr 480, 000) 360 mg· kg-1 iv. Arteriol and venul blood flow velocity and diameter (ABFV, VBFV, AD, VD) and blood flow state(BFS) were observed by intravital microcirculation method. Results Asp 2.5, 5 mg · kg-i, Ver 0.3, 0.6 mg · kg-1,Asp+ Ver(1 + 0.15), (2. 5+ 0. 3) mg· kg-1 iv significant increase ABFV by 11.1%, 31.3%, 18.7%,19.5%, 26.5%, 37.3%, VBFV by 12.5%, 5.7%, 2.5%, 3.7%, 30%, 34.7%,AD by 4.3%, 17.9%, 31.5%, 35%, 20%, 38.1% and VDby 2.2%,4.2%, 25%, 31.5%,5.8%,23.5%espectively, and got a raise in the number of capillaries and a marked improvement of BFS. Asp + Ver(1+0.15, 2.5+0.3) mg · kg-1 iv could reverse AMD. Conclusion Asp is superior to Ver in the increase of BFV, but Ver is superior to Asp in expansion of blood vessel. Asp in combination with Ver produces marked synergistic action and protection againist AMD.

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences in pain reaction, hemodynamics and clinical efficacy between extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) after injection with flurphen mixture (mixture of droperidol and fentanyl citrate) at Shenshu (BL 23) and simple ESWL in the patients.

METHODSSixty-four cases of urinary calculi with ESWL were randomized into an observation group and a control group, 32 cases in each one. In the observation group, 15 to 20 min before ESWL, flurphen mixture (droperidol injection 1.25 mg and fentanyl citrate injection 0.05 mg were diluted to 6 mL with 0.9% sodium chloride solution 4.5 mL) was injected at bilateral Shenshu (BL 23). In the control group, no any adjuvant therapy and medication were used before ESWL. The changes in blood pressure and heart rate, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, lithotripsy frequency till calculi complete removal and the rate of calculi complete removal after the first lithotripsy were observed in the two groups.

RESULTSIn the control group, blood pressure and heart rate were higher during lithotripsy than those before lithotripsy (both P<0.05). In the observation group, the differences in blood pressure and heart rate were not significant statistically as compared with those before lithotripsy (both P>0.05). The blood pressure and heart rate during lithotripsy in the observation group were apparently lower than those in the control group (both P<0.05). VAS scores during lithotripsy in the observation group were lower apparently than those in the control group (both P<0.05). The lithotripsy frequency in the observation group was less than that in the control group. The rate of calculi complete removal in 1 week after the first lithotripsy in the observation group was higher than that in the control group [75.0% (24/32) vs 50.0% (16/32), P<0.05].

CONCLUSIONThe flurphen mixture at Shenshu (BL 23) significantly alleviates pain reaction in patients undergoing ESWL, avoids the fluctuation of hemodynamics and improves the clinical effect of lithotripsy.

Acupuncture Points ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Analgesics ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Kidney Calculi ; therapy ; Lithotripsy ; adverse effects ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pain ; drug therapy ; etiology ; Young Adult

ObjectiveTo explore the anatomy and clinical significance of fixation combined with limited outside cut restoration gram needle internal fixation for distal radial fractures. MethodsBased on the anatomical observation and measurement of the forearm and hand. Found out the distal radial fractures fixed bracket screws and gram needle safety area and the needle into the body, and made reasonable angle respectively, to formulate standardized orientation, and applied to clinical procedures, and the clinical cases were followed up. The clinical curative effect was observed. ResultsThe place for the fixed bracket screws of the second metacarpal was the nail parts of radial dorsal partial ends. The proximal fracture for external fixation stents bolt into the nail near abductor muscle and manipulation long in the thumb short extensormuscles. Its feet side for stabbing abductor muscle and refers to a long stretch of radial side for tendon, radial side wrist short stretch muscles. The farthest distance between the lister nodule was (63.69 ±3.00) mm,nearest distance between the lister nodule was(123.64 ±5.00)mm. Gram needle do limited internal fixation security clearance for thumb long stretch tendon and refers to stretch tendons,radial side wrist length stretch tendons, thumb short extensor tendons, stretch retinaculum and this gap proximal distance lister nodule for ( 33. 52 ± 4.20) mm, remote distance lister nodule for( 8.81 ± 0. 88) mm. In clinical applications, wrist imaging recovery, function of ratings had no significant difference ( P ＞ 0.05). But the postoperative complications of the two sets of patients had statistically significant difference ( P ＜ 0. 05 ). ConclusionAccording to the anatomy of distal radial fractures,from the results of our research applied in fixation distal radial fractures in the operation,it had the advantages of simple operation,reset good,fixed firmly,and small trauma. It was worth of used widely in clinical.

Objective To explore the heart function and activity of the mitochondrial respiratory chain complex of rats with myocardial hypertrophy induced by the long-term high-intensity interval training(HIIT).Methods Ninety Wistar rats were randomly divided into an HIIT group,a moderate intensity continuous training(MICT) group and a rest control(RC) group,with each group allocated three subgroups according to the observation time(2,6 and 10 weeks),9 groups altogether(n=10 in each group).Each group was given intervention as their names implied.Then,the heart function was measured using the ultrasoundcardiogram,and the body weight as well as the weight of the heart was weighted.The myocardium mitochondria were extracted using the differential centrifugation after homoge nation to detect the activity of the myocardial and mitochondrial citrate synthase (CS),the activities of the respiratory chain complex C Ⅰ ～CⅣ as well as myocardial protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1α (PGC-1 α),α-myosin heavy chain (α-MHC),β-MHC,atrial natriuretic factor(ANF) and brain natriuretic peptide(BNP).Results The myocardial hypertrophy was found in HIIT and MICT groups after 1-week and 9-week intervention respectively.At the 2nd and 10th week,no significant differences were found in the heart function,respiratory chain complex activity and protein expression of all three groups(P＞0.05).At the 6th week,the left ventricular ejection fraction,left ventricular fractional shortening,myocardial α-MHC protein expression,and the activities of respiratory chain complex C Ⅰ,C Ⅲ and C Ⅳ of HIIT group were significantly lower while the myocardial β-MHC and BNP protein expression were significantly higher than those of RC and MICT groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion Long-term HIIT but not MICT can induce temporarily pathological myocardial hypertrophy and reduced heart function in Wistar rats,and the mechanism might be related to the downregulation of the myocardial mitochondrial respiratory chain complex activity.