Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; physiopathology ; psychology ; Quality of Life ; psychology ; Survivors ; psychology

Objective To study the effects of pirfenidone on total enzyme and isoenzyme of liver microsomal cytochrome P450 in rats. Methods The activites of liver microsomal dimethyl nitrosamine N-demethylase( NDMA )and erythromycin demethylase( ERD ) were determined. Fifty-six SD rats were randomly divided into six groups,in which they received CMC,dexamethasone 100 mg·kg-1 ,ketoconazole 40 mg·kg-1 ,pirfenidone 25,50,100 mg·kg-1 ,respectively. After administration for 6 and 12 days,livers were prepared liver microsome,the concentration of proteinum in microsome and shade selection to plasma samples were determined by spectrophotometer. Results After administration of pirfenidone for 6 days, cytochrome P450 was significantly increased in 50 and 100 mg·kg-1 pirfenidone groups,as compared with solvent control group (1%sodium carboxymethylcellulose)(P﹤0. 01). After administration of pirfenidone for 6 and 12 days,NDMA of liver microsome was not changed significantly(P﹥0. 05). ERD of liver microsome was significantly increased in 100 mg·kg-1 pirfenidone group after administration for 12 days(P﹤0. 01). Conclusion Pirfenidone can induce P450 and ERD activities in a dose-and time-dependent manner.

A series of andrographolide derivatives with the structure of 12-N-substituted-14-deoxyandrographolide were synthesized from the parent compound andrographolide.Their antitumor activities were preliminarily evaluated on various cancer cell lines and compound 4d stood out due to its potent growth inhibitory effect in comparison with andrographolide.Compound 4d also demonstrated significant antitumor effect on human hepatoma HepG2cells in vitro and on sarcoma 180 (S180) and hepatoma 22(H22)-bearing mice in vivo.Then,the apoptosis induced by compound 4d in HepG2cells was detected by Annexin V/PI double staining assay.Further mechanic study showed that the expression of p53 and Bax was significantly elevated and that of Bcl-2was downregulated in 4d-treated HepG2cells.Collectively,these data suggested that compound 4d had remarkable antitumor effect both in vitro and in vivo and could effectively induce apoptosis via a p53-dependent pathway in HepG2 cells,thus deserving further investigation.

Objective We reported 16 eosinophilic fasciitis (EF) patients with eosinophilic fasciitis and performed a systematic review of the literature to improve the disease awareness.Methods The clinical course of 16 patients with eosinophilic fasciitis at the Peking Union Medical College Hospital were described,inclu-ding demographic data,clinical manifest-ations,laboratory tests,pathology and treatment.Results The mean age at diagnosis was (47±8) years,with 13 female and 3 male patients.Three cases had exertion or strenuous sports before the onset of EF.Positive ANA was noted in 6 of 12,positive RF was noted in 3 of 10,hyper-gammaglobulinemia was noted in 6 of 7,elevated IgG was noted in 8 of 13,peripheral blood eosinophilia was noted in 10 of 16,while thrombocytopenia was found in one patient.Conclusion Based on this and other reported cases in the literature,EF may be a kind of autoimmune disease.Genetic influence and environ-mental factors are involved in the development of this disease.Systemic involvement is rare.In general,corticosteroids and immunosuppressive are effective in EF.

Tramadol and its metabolites in rat urine were identified by LC-MS(n). Rat urine samples of 0-36 h were collected after ip 9.0 mg x kg(-1) tramadol, then the samples were enriched and purified through solid-phase extraction cartridge. Purified samples were analyzed by LC-MS(n). Possible metabolites were discovered by comparing the full scan and SIM chromatograms of the test samples with the corresponding blanks and analyzing the retention time, quasi-molecular ion and fragment ion of all chromatograms. Nine phase I metabolites and four phase II metabolites were identified in rat urine. One of the metabolites was found first time in living body. The metabolites were formed via the following metabolic pathways: O-demethylation, N-demethylation, hydroxylation, N-oxidation and conjugation. The method can be used to identify tramadol and its metabolites in other animals and human.

Choriocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Pregnancy

OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy and safety of different gemcitabine dosage regimens combined with oxaliplatin in the treatment of recurrent metastatic cholangiocarcinoma.METHODS:A total of 100 patients with recurrent metastatic cholangiocarcinoma were randomly divided into group A(50 cases) and B(50 cases).Group A was given Gemcitabine hydrochloride for injection 1 000 mg/m2,d1.8,for fixed drip time 30 min+Oxaliplatin for injection 130 mg/m2,d1,intravenously.Group B was given gemcitabine 1 000 mg/m2,d1.8,with fixed infusion speed of 10 mg/(m2.min)+ Oxaliplatin for injection (same usage and dosage as group A).A treatment course lasted for 3 weeks,and both groups received 2 courses.Clinical efficacies and toxic reaction of 2 groups were observed,and total survival time,progression-free survival time of 2 groups were followed up for 3 years.RESULTS:Both groups completed at least 2 courses of treatment.The objective remission rate and disease control rate of group B were significantly higher than those of group A;total survival time and progression-free survival time of group B were significantly longer than those of group A.The incidence of Ⅲ-Ⅳ degree thrombocytopenia and leucopenia in group B were significantly higher than group A,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Gemcitabine dosage regimen of fixed infusion speed combined with Oxaliplation is better than Gemcitabine dosage regimen of fixed drip time for recurrent metastatic cholangiocarcinoma patients in controlling the disease progression,prolonging the survival time and improving the long-term prognosis,but may increase the risk of blood related ADR.

Objective To establish a TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to detect Vibrio vulnificus based on hemolysin gene(vvhA)that coding cytolysin.Method By using software Primer Express, the PCR primers and TaqMan probe,which located in the conserved region of vvhA gene sequence,were designed for establishment of a TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR to detect 100 bp amplicon from V.vulnificus DNA.A recombinant plasmid pMD19-vvhA100 as a positive control during detection was constructed using gene cloning technique.Minimal amplification cycles(Ct value)and fluorescence intensity enhancement (△Rn value)were used as observing index to optimize the reaction conditions of the TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.The DNAs with different concentrations from V.vulnificus and other eight bacteria and pMD19- vvhA100 were applied as templates to determine the specificity,sensitivity and reappearance of the TaqMan real- time fluorescent quantitative PCR.ICR mice were intraperitoneally,subcutaneously and orally infected with V. vulnificus,respectively.The detection effect of the TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was measured using the specimens of peripheral blood,subcutaneous tissue and intestinal content collected from the infected mice.Results The established TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR showed positive results only for V. vulnificus DNA and pMD19-vvhA100.The detection effectiveness of the TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR was as high as 0.01 ng of V.vulnificus DNA or 103 copies of pMD19-vvhA100.The SD values of the detection results repeated for three times using pMD19-vvhA100 with different concentrations were lease than 0.79. The detection results of TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were positive for all the specimens of peripheral blood and subcutaneous tissue.Conclusions The TaqMan real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR established in this study for V.vulnificus vvhA gene detection has advantages such as quickness,stability, sensitivity and specificity,indicating this method can be used for clinical laboratory diagnosis of septicemia and wound infection caused by V.vulnificus.

Objective To analyze the changes in peripheral blood monocyte subpopulations in patients with primary, secondary and latent syphilis. Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect CD14highCD16- and CD14+CD16+ monocyte subpopulations in peripheral blood from 58 patients with untreated syphilis, including 36 cases of latent syphilis,8 cases of primary syphilis and 14 cases of secondary syphilis, as well as from 65 normal human controls. Restflts Compared with the normal controls, the proportion of CD14+CD16+ monocytes among total monocytes was significantly elevated (12.0% ± 5.0% vs 6.0% ± 3.3%, t = 7.25, P < 0.01), while that of CD14highCD16- monocytes was down-regulated (88.0% ± 5.1% vs 94.0% ± 3.5%, t = -7.20, P < 0.01). No statistical difference was observed in the proportion of CD14+CD16+ or CD14hhighCD16- monocytes among the patients with primary syphilis, secondary syphilis and those with latent syphilis (all P > 0.05). Conclusions The changes in peripheral blood monocyte subpopulation in patients with untreated syphilis may be associated with the permanent infection of Treponema pallidum, but have no obvious correlation with clinical stage of syphilis.

BACKGROUND: Angiogenesis attracts much attention in tissue engineering field. Previous research has proved that a two-dimensional culture of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) promotes angiogenesis.OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of VEGF on three-dimensional angiogenesis.METHODS: Endothelial progenitor cells were separated from the SD rat bone marrow. At about 70%-80% fusion, rat tail collagen gel was added to establish three-dimensional models. Samples in the experimental group were incubated in complete culture solution containing M199 culture media, fetal bovine serum, VEGF, and double antibody. The samples in the control group were incubated with VEGF-free culture media. In vitro culture and amplification of bone marrow-derived endothelial progenitor cells were determined at 1, 4, 7, and-20 days after incubation. Morphology and quantitative analysis were performed at 3, 6, 9, and 12 days after three-dimensional model establishment.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Endothelial progenitor cells grew from three-dimensional matrix into collagen matrix in the experimental group. Budding and infiltration were observed in the collagen within 24 hours, and branching-like structure was then gradually formed. Cells in the control group grew slowly, with slowing budding, small tubiform structure, superficial infiltration into COllagen, sparse network structure, and non-intact. Numbers of newborn vessels in the expedmental group were significantly greater than control group (P<0.01). A detection on gel block showed positive expressions of endothelin-1 and endothelial nitric oxide synthase-3 on the 3~(rd), 6~(th), 9~(th), and 12~(th) days. The results demonstrated that VEGF mobilized and induced endothelial progenitor cells in order to promote angiogenesis. Rat tail collagen gel induced endothelial progenitor cells which behaved migration, proliferation, and pullulation of angiogenesis.