To study the treatment of metastasis of experimental lung cancer with a recombinant adenovirus carrying IL 2 gene, concentrations of IL 2 and associated cytokines in murine lung lavage and blood were determined by ELISA at different times after intratracheal injection of the recombinant adenovirus. The lung metastasis nodes, survival time, survival rate were investigated in a C57BL/6 mouse model by intratracheal administration, and the NK activity and CTL activity were also determined by 51 Cr 4 hour release method. The results showed that IL 2 could be detected in lung tissue as early as 6 hours after administration of IL 2 gene, its concentration was higher in lung lavage than in peripheral blood, and was higher in experimental group than that in the control group; intratracheal use of the IL 2 carring recombinant adenovirus had significant therapeutic effect on metastasis of experimental lung cancer. Increased CTL and NK activities, longer survival time, and higher survival rate were observed in the experimental group compared with the control group. It is suggested that intratracheal usage of adenovirus vector carrying IL 2 gene might play therapeutic role on the lung cancer metastasis, indicating that gene therapy of lung tumors could be done through airway directly with recombinant adenovirus.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of lower respiratory tract infection caused by Chryseobacterium and its antimicrobial susceptibility in vitro . Methods: The clinical data of 52 cases of lower respiratory tract infection caused by Chryseobacterium were analyzed, and the antimicrobial susceptibility of commonly used agents was determined with the method of agar dilution. Also the 50% lethal dosage (LD 50 ) (as the marker of virulence) of 20 randomly selected Chryseobacterium strains for mice were determined. Results: (1) Thirty six was over 60 years old;all of 52 cases had underlying diseases, mainly were chronic obstruction pulmonary disease and malignant tumors. Seventeen cases had the history of incubation or tracheotomy for mechanical ventilation, and 35 had history of broad antibiotics treatment. The mean hospitalization time before infection were 35.6 d, and 38.5% of the cases had mixed infection with other bacteria. No specific clinical manifestations and chest X ray appearance revealed. (2) The in vitro activity of 25 agents showed that these strains were highly resistant. (3) The range of the LD 50 of tested strains was 4.11?10 6 5.68?10 8/mouse, suggesting low virulence of this kind of bacteria. Conclusion: The lower respiratory tract infection caused by Chryseobacterium has no unique features; the incidence of the infection increases in immunosuppressed old patients with various underlying diseases, although the virulence is relatively low. Because the clinical isolates are highly resistant, the antibiotics should be selected according to the results of bacterial sensitivity test.

Objective: To investigate the effect of CpG motif oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) on the antigen induced allergic airway reaction in mice. Methods: The asthma model was set up in the C57BL/6 mice with OVA, the CpG ODN in the dose of 30 ?g was co administered intraperitoneally with the antigen in sensitization stage to study its effect on the airway allergenic reactions. Results: (1)Compared with the control, coadministration of CpG ODN in sensitization phase significantly inhibited airway eosinophilia after antigen challenge( P

Objective:To explore the effect of nontypeable Haemophilus influenzaen(NTHi)strain ATCC49247on pri-mary rabbit tracheal epithelial(TE)cells.Methods:TE cells were isolated with low temperature protease digestion and cul-tured on collagen gel-coated membranes at an air-liquid interface in serum-free medium.Under these conditions,TE cells were proliferated and differentiated into a pseudostratified mucociliary epithelium,which were infected by NTHi.Morphologic changes of the cells were examined by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM)after 24h.Results:SEM showed that bacteria adhered to non-ciliated cells;death or apoptosis occurred in90%of TE cells and cil-iaries were broken.TEM showed NTHi adhered to the cell surface on which there were many microvillus.Lamellipodia and microvilli surrounded bacteria within vacuoles of airway cells.Conclusion:NTHi can attach to non-ciliated cells,the latter de-vours the bacteria by lamellipodia and microvilli.NTHi is toxic to TE cells,resulting in the death or apoptosis of TE cells.

Objective: To investigate the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of viral diarrhea among children under 5 years of age in Shaoxing City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide insights into management of viral diarrhea. Methods: The surveillance data on viral diarrhea among children under 5 years of age in Shaoxing City from 2019 to 2022 were collected, including demographics and stool testing results. The epidemiological and etiological characteristics of viral diarrhea were analyzed using a descriptive epidemiological method. Results: A total of 763 diarrheal children under 5 years of age were reported in Shaoxing City from 2019 to 2022, and 236 children were tested positive for virus (30.93%). The detection of virus was 49.01%, 31.61%, 20.43% and 21.89% from 2019 to 2022, which appeared an overall tendency towards a decline (P<0.05). The incidence of viral diarrhea peaked from November to March of the next year and from May to July, and the detection of virus was lower among children with diarrhea living in urban areas (Yuecheng District, Keqiao District and Shangyu District) than among those in suburb areas (Zhuji City, Shengzhou City and Xinchang County) (30.22% vs. 52.00%, P<0.05). There were 206 children tested positive for a single virus, and the detection rates of rotavirus (RV), enteric adenovirus (EAdV), norovirus (NoV), and sapovirus (SaV) were 9.57%, 8.91%, 8.39%, and 0.13%, respectively. There were 25 children with virus co-infections, and the positive rates of EAdV and NoV, RV and EAdV and RV and NoV co-infections were 1.31%, 1.18% and 0.79%, respectively. There were 5 children with triple infections of RV, EAdV and NoV (0.66%). The highest detection of EAdV was seen in April, the highest detection of RV and NoV was seen in January, while SaV was only detected in April. Conclusion The incidence of viral diarrhea among children under 5 years of age peaked in winter and spring in Shaoxing City from 2019 to 2022, and the cases predominantly occurred in urban areas. The detection of virus appeared an overall tendency towards a decline, with high detection of RV, EAdV and NoV.

Objective To explore the effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the skin expansion rate in rabbit.Methods The rabbit ASCs were isolated from fat tissue and cultured in vitro.The ADSCs were identified by cell immunofluorescence and marked by Edu staining.20 new Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental(n =10) and control group(n =10).An area of 1.5 cm ×1.5 cm on the one side back of each rabbit was tattooed and one 30 ml round expander was implanted subcutaneously.ASCs suspension (1 ml) was injected subcutaneously in the experimental group,while serum free DMEM medium(1 ml) in control group.The expansion was proceeded regularly under constant pressure for 4 weeks.The expanded tattooed square area was measured on the 7th,14th,28th day and analyzed statistically.The expanded skin was harvested for histological study.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial cell marker CD31,and the microvessel density determination.The expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)was detected by ELISA for skin tissue specificity.Western Blot was used for detection of CK19 in the epidermal cells.Results The expanded skin thickness and expansion rate in experimental group were significant higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group,the expression of CK19,CD31 and EGF,VEGF,as well as the microvessel density were all markedly increased in experimental group(P ＜0.05).Conclusions ASCs can increase the expansion rate of skin tissue by promotion of angiogenesis and tissue regeneration.

Objective To investigate the effects of local injection of rabbit adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) on the healing of skin deep partial-thickness scald wound of rabbit.Methods ADSCs were isolated from adipose tissue of one New Zealand rabbit and then sub-cultured.ADSCs of the third passage were used in the following experiments.Twenty-four rabbits were divided into ADSCs group (n =12) and control group (n =12) according to the random number table,and one deep partial-thickness scald wound with diameter of 5 cm on the two sides of the back near the buttocks was made.From post injury day (PID) 2,2 mL suspension of EdU-labeled ADSCs with the number of 5 × 105 per mL was subcutaneously injected in wounds of rabbits in ADSCs group,while the rabbits in control group were given 2 mL serum-free DMEM until the wounds were healed.Wound healing processes of rabbits in two groups were observed every day,and the healing time was recorded.On PID 7,14,21,and 28,areas of wound of three rabbits in two groups were measured and the healing rates were calculated,respectively.The healed wound tissue was harvested to observe the morphology by HE staining,and the expression of collagen fiber was observed by Masson staining.The distribution of EdU-labeled ADSCs in healed wound tissue on PID 28 was observed by inverted fluorescence microscope.The expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) of healed wound tissue on PID 7,14,and 21 were detected by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay.Data were processed with analysis of variance of factorial design and paired samples t test.Results (1) The wound healing time of rabbits in ADSCs group was (19.5 ± 1.1) d post injury,which was significantly shorter than that in control group [(23.3 ± 1.5) d,t =4.50,P ＜ 0.05].On PID 7,wounds of rabbits in two groups were dry with no obvious exudation,and redness and swelling around wounds disappeared gradually,the wound healing rate of rabbits in ADSCs group was (15.1 ± 2.4)％,which was close to that in control group [(13.7±3.1)％,t =1.20,P ＞0.05].On PID 14,wounds of rabbits in ADSCs group were dry and scabbed obviously,and the wound healing rate was (73.1 ± 5.7) ％,while wounds of rabbits in control group were little scabbed with little exudation,and the wound healing rate was significantly lower than that in ADSCs group [(52.9 ± 5.1)％,t =8.06,P ＜ 0.01].On PID 21,wounds of rabbits in ADSCs group were generally healed,and the wound healing rate was (95.6 ± 3.0) ％,while a few wounds still existed in rabbits of control group,and the wound healing rate was significantly lower than that inADSCs group [(78.6±3.7)％,t =9.73,P ＜0.01].On PID 28,wounds of rabbits in two groups were totally healed with the healing rate of 100％,and texture and microvascular responses of healed wound tissue in ADSCs group were better than those in control group.(2) On PID 7,fibroblasts in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups were all increased,and there were little vascular and collagen fiber proliferation with no obvious differences.On PID 14,the number of fibroblasts in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group was more than that in control group,and the collagen fibers in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group were arranged in dense and uniform,while those in control group were sparse and irregular.On PID 21,skin layers were differentiated in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups,and collagen fibers in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group were still denser than that in control group.On PID 28,newborn skin was well differentiated in healed wound tissue of rabbits in ADSCs group,which was better than that in control group.There were a lot of thick collagen fibers in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups,and EdU-labeled ADSCs were involved in skin texture of rabbits in ADSCs group.(3) The expressions of VEGF and EGF in healed wound tissue of rabbits in two groups were similar on PID 7 (with t values respectively 0.70 and 0.91,P values above 0.05),which in ADSCs group were significantly higher than those in control group on PID 14 and 21 (with t values from 2.85 to 4.81,P values below 0.01).Conclusions The transplantation of ADSCs can promote the wound healing of skin deep partial-thickness scald wound of rabbit and shorten the wound healing time.

Objective To explore the effect of adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the skin expansion rate in rabbit.Methods The rabbit ASCs were isolated from fat tissue and cultured in vitro.The ADSCs were identified by cell immunofluorescence and marked by Edu staining.20 new Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into experimental(n =10) and control group(n =10).An area of 1.5 cm ×1.5 cm on the one side back of each rabbit was tattooed and one 30 ml round expander was implanted subcutaneously.ASCs suspension (1 ml) was injected subcutaneously in the experimental group,while serum free DMEM medium(1 ml) in control group.The expansion was proceeded regularly under constant pressure for 4 weeks.The expanded tattooed square area was measured on the 7th,14th,28th day and analyzed statistically.The expanded skin was harvested for histological study.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of vascular endothelial cell marker CD31,and the microvessel density determination.The expression of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)was detected by ELISA for skin tissue specificity.Western Blot was used for detection of CK19 in the epidermal cells.Results The expanded skin thickness and expansion rate in experimental group were significant higher than those in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group,the expression of CK19,CD31 and EGF,VEGF,as well as the microvessel density were all markedly increased in experimental group(P ＜0.05).Conclusions ASCs can increase the expansion rate of skin tissue by promotion of angiogenesis and tissue regeneration.

Objective:To summarize the evidence of pelvic floor muscle training for the prevention and treatment of postpartum urinary incontinence, providing guidance and reference for clinical practice.Methods:According to the "6S" pyramid model, clinical decision-making, guidelines, and systematic reviews on pelvic floor muscle training for the prevention and treatment of postpartum urinary incontinence were searched in UpToDate, British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network, New Zealand Guideline Group, Guidelines International Network, Medlive, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, Cochrane Library, professional association website, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine disc, WanFang Data, and VIP. The search period was from March 2013 to March 2023. Two trained researchers evaluated the quality of literature and integrated and extracted evidence.Results:A total of 22 articles were included, including 8 clinical decision-making, 6 guidelines, 7 systematic reviews, and 1 expert consensus. Twenty-one best pieces of evidence were summarized from 5 aspects, consisting of risk factors, prevention, evaluation, treatment and health guidance for postpartum urinary incontinence.Conclusions:The best evidence for the prevention and treatment of postpartum urinary incontinence through pelvic floor muscle training summarized is convenient for medical and nursing staff to conduct scientific urinary incontinence assessment, pelvic floor muscle training education and guidance for pregnant and postpartum women.