The Sustained Release Bag-Infusions of Compound Shanlu Tea,prepared by the containing material with reticular porous fibre,possesses the actions of quick and sustained release. During 1-8 hours,the dissolution follows the zero grade manner,T_(0.5) and Td are 1. 3h and 3. 2h, respectively,and the average dissolution rate is 72. 35mg/h. Compared with the traditional bag-infusions with a type of semi-crude herb, it has large amount charge of drug,convenient using,stable quality and assured curative effect.

Objective:The main objective of this study is to analyze the development trend of China's private healthcare providers since the issue of Document No. 58 by the General Office of the State Council in the year 2010. It intends to evaluate the effectiveness of the policy on encouragement and guidance to private healthcare. Methods:(1) Using the statistical data collected from national and provincial healthcare yearbook, we made a comparative a-nalysis on seven indicators regarding the development of private healthcare providers, including the number of health-care providers, the number of beds, the number of healthcare professionals, annual outpatient diagnose-and-treat per-son-times, annual inpatient hospitalization person-times, bed utilization rate and average length of stay for two periods of time (i. e. 2006—2010 and 2011—2015). (2) A field study was conducted to six selected provinces. In these provinces, essential information of the related policy was collected, held stakeholder interviews and focus group dis-cussions among hospital management team and medical workers and visits to several typical private providers were made to understand the policy effectiveness and existing problems. The study also tried to find the key factors for a successful private healthcare provider in China. Results:(1) The results show that since the issue of Document No. 58 in the year 2010 , the number of China's private healthcare providers has greatly increased while the scale and service capabilities of private providers still need to be improved. (2) As per the results again, a great difference ex-ists between provinces in terms of private healthcare provider development during 2010 to 2015 . Conclusion:A posi-tive impact of government regulation on the development of private healthcare providers was noticed. However, China's private healthcare providers are still facing many invisible obstacles and challenges. The government needs to put more focus on building a cross-department coordination and supporting regulation system to advance the sustain-able development of private healthcare providers. Moreover, the government needs to cautiously promote the Public-Private-Partnership ( PPP) to improve the effective allocation of resources in the healthcare market and provide essen-tial support to private healthcare providers in solving the problems they meet during their development process.

Super hydrophobic interface modified with silver nanoparticles was fabricated for the detection of pesticide residues.By using a chemical reduction method,silver nanoparticles were deposited on the substrate surfaces with different microscopic pore structures.Two kinds of composite substrates,including regular stainless steel mesh and cellulose polyester film,were used.The pre-treatment of the substrate with fluoridated reagents was used to form a super hydrophobic interface,which made the target molecules on the surface concentrate effectively.The surface with the cellulose polyester substrate was used to detect Rhodamine 6G (R 6G) effectively with surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) technique.The results showed that the detection hmit was 10-16 mol/L.In addition,the surfaces based on the stainless steel mesh and cellulose polyester substrate were used to detect trichlorfon pesticide with detection limits of 1 × 10-15 mol/L and 1 × 10-16 mol/L,respectively.

Bone metabolism includes the processes of bone formation and bone resorption, both of which maintain bone metabolic homeostasis in the body. Adipose browning is a biological process that converts energy-storing white fat into thermogenic brown fat, which is induced by environment, exercise, nutrients, and signaling molecules. Adipose browning regulates bone metabolism in vivo and affects osteogenic and osteoblastic capacity through the secretion of adipokines such as fibroblast growth factor-21, adiponectin, insulin-like growth factor-1, and bone morphogenetic proteins. Adipose browning can also affect bone metabolism through immune pathways mediated by the gut microbiota. The browning ability of fat decreases in the aging body, which is related to the imbalance of bone metabolism in the state of osteoporosis. In children and adolescents, fat browning is active and bone metabolism is maintained in a healthy state. Exercise and supplementation of nutrients (capsaicin, resveratrol, quercetin, etc.) can promote the browning of adipose tissue and maintain brown adipose tissue, which plays a positive role in bone metabolism. In the future, it is of great significance to clarify the specific regulatory mode between adipose browning and bone metabolism for the treatment of bone metabolism-related diseases by intervening adipose browning.

BACKGROUND:There is controversy regarding the need for marrow reaming in intertrochanteric fractures of the femur.Some believe that unreaming shortens operative time,reduces bleeding,and decreases intraoperative risk in elderly patients,but there is no basis for whether this move reduces the effectiveness of intramedullary nail support.Others believe that reaming allows for the selection of thicker diameter intramedullary nails for better mechanical support,but basic studies have shown that this approach carries risks such as fat embolism and destruction of bone(especially in elderly patients with osteoporosis). OBJECTIVE:To analyze the mechanical distribution characteristics of reamed and unreamed proximal femoral nail antirotation-Ⅱ in the treatment of type 31-A3 intertrochanteric fractures by finite element analysis. METHODS:A healthy volunteer was included,and CT scans of his femur were obtained in DICOM format,and the files were sequentially imported into Mimics,Geomagic Wrap,SolidWorks,Hypermesh,and Ansys software for processing.The A3.1,A3.2,and A3.3 intertrochanteric fracture models were obtained and assembled with 9 mm,11 mm diameter,and 170 mm length intramedullary nails,respectively,followed by assigning material properties,setting the interaction relationship of each contact surface and defining the load and boundary conditions,and then solved.The femoral stress distribution,internal fixation stress distribution,femoral displacement,and internal fixation displacement were observed in different models. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The femoral stress was less than that of unreamed intramedullary nail fixation for each type of fracture,and the maximum stress value of the femur for A3.3 fracture was greater than that of A3.1 and A3.2.(2)The internal fixation stress was greater than that of unreamed intramedullary nail fixation for each type of fracture,and the maximum stress value of internal fixation for A3.3 fracture was greater than that of A3.1.(3)Reamed versus unreamed intramedullary nailing has less effect on femoral and internal fixation displacement and more effect on stress.(4)It is indicated that the use of reamed intramedullary nail fixation results in a reduction in femoral stress,an increase in the stress borne by the internal fixation as a whole,and a reduction in the stress borne by the distal locking nail.The use of reamed intramedullary nail fixation may provide better treatment results compared to unreamed intramedullary nail fixation.

Objective : To explore the nucleotide variation and protein amino acid changes of E4 and L2 genes of Human Papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) , and to analyze the evolutionary characteristics of HPV16 virus. Methods : 40 HPV16 infection⁃positive cervical exfoliated cells samples and tissue cell samples were collected from hospital , viral DNA was extracted , Sanger sequencing perform in cervical exfoliated cells DNA and high⁃throughput sequencing technology sequenced in cervical tissues DNA for E4 and L2 genes of HPV16 , HPV16 E4 and L2 gene phylogenetic evolution trees were constructed , and variation of HPV16 E4 and L2 genes were analyzed. Results : There were 72 HPV16 E4 variant samples with nucleotide variants (4 missense mutations and 7 synonymous mutations) at 10 sites , HPV16 L2 gene variants in 74 samples , and nucleotide variants (23 missense mutations and 18 synonymous mutations) at 40 sites. The variation frequency of T4177C , A4288C and A4654C in cervical cancer was significantly higher than that in non⁃cervical cancer, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0. 05) . Conclusion ① The main HPV16 virus strains in Xinjiang are European strains , and a few are Asian strains. ② The mutation frequency of T4177C , A4288C and A4654C in HPV16 L2 gene is higher than that in non⁃cervical cancer, and G4181A is related to the Asian strain.