Humidificait on by artificial means must be provided when the upper airway is bypassed during mechanical ventilation.Enough humidification is very important during mechanical ventilation.Heated humidification( HH) and heta and moisture exchanger( HME) are the most commonly used types of artificial humidification in this situation.In this article, their advantages and disadvantages are itn roduced.HH na d HME are compared in humidification performance,effect no ventilator mechanics and association with venti-lation associated pneumonia.Depending on the clinical scenario, humidifier is reasonably selected, and the selection may changeo ver time according the treatment effect.

Objective To observe the effect of traditional Chinese medicine enema on renal insufficiency of diabetic nephropathy.Methods 76 patients with diabetic nephropathy were divided into the treatment group and the control group with 38 patients in each group.The treatment group were offered traditional Chinese medicine enema based upon routine treatment for 8 weeks,the control group received routine treatment only.The clinical symptom,fasting blood glucose,24h urine albumin,serum creatinine (Scr),urea nitrogen (BUN) were observed and compared before and after treatment.Results The two groups showed significant differences in clinical symptom and degree of renal function alleviation.Conclusions Traditional Chinese medicine enema proved to be one of the effective methods for treatment of renal insufficiency of diabetic nephropathy.

Delirium is an acute, fluctuating state of brain dysfunction characterized by a change in consciousness and a reduced ability to concentrate, maintain, or transfer, which can lead to cognitive or perceptual disorders, hallucinations and sleep-arousal disorders.It cannot be better explained by pre-existing, occurring or developing diseases.At present, its pathogenesis is not clear, and is related to a variety of factors.Early and effective identification and evaluation is the premise, and the clinical practice strategy of prevention and treatment of pediatric delirium needs to be further studied.