Methods: This study enrolled 40 patients with AIS, 20 patients with congenital scoliosis (CS), and 20 patients with spinal degenerative disease (SDD). All patients underwent open posterior surgery in our hospital, and a paravertebral muscle (multifidus muscle) biopsy was performed intraoperatively. This study included many indexes that describe muscle, especially dystrophin staining. The above pathological results were compared among the AIS, CS, and SDD groups. The correlation between the Cobb angle and Nash–Moe classification and the above pathological results was analyzed in patients with AIS. Results: Significant reductions in the dystrophin staining of dystrophin-1 (p<0.001), dystrophin-2 (p<0.001), and dystrophin-3 (p<0.001) were observed in the AIS group than in the CS and SDD groups. The higher the Nash–Moe classification in the AIS group, the more significant the loss of dystrophin-2 (p=0.042) in the convex paraspinal muscles. Additionally, a significantly positive correlation was observed between the reductions of dystrophin-2 on the concave side of the AIS group and Cobb angle (p=0.011). Conclusions Dystrophin protein deficiency in the paraspinal muscles plays a crucial role in AIS formation and progression. The severity of scoliosis in patients with AIS is correlated with the extent of dystrophin loss in the paravertebral muscles. Therefore, dystrophin dysfunction may be relevant to AIS occurrence and development.

Methods: This study enrolled 40 patients with AIS, 20 patients with congenital scoliosis (CS), and 20 patients with spinal degenerative disease (SDD). All patients underwent open posterior surgery in our hospital, and a paravertebral muscle (multifidus muscle) biopsy was performed intraoperatively. This study included many indexes that describe muscle, especially dystrophin staining. The above pathological results were compared among the AIS, CS, and SDD groups. The correlation between the Cobb angle and Nash–Moe classification and the above pathological results was analyzed in patients with AIS. Results: Significant reductions in the dystrophin staining of dystrophin-1 (p<0.001), dystrophin-2 (p<0.001), and dystrophin-3 (p<0.001) were observed in the AIS group than in the CS and SDD groups. The higher the Nash–Moe classification in the AIS group, the more significant the loss of dystrophin-2 (p=0.042) in the convex paraspinal muscles. Additionally, a significantly positive correlation was observed between the reductions of dystrophin-2 on the concave side of the AIS group and Cobb angle (p=0.011). Conclusions Dystrophin protein deficiency in the paraspinal muscles plays a crucial role in AIS formation and progression. The severity of scoliosis in patients with AIS is correlated with the extent of dystrophin loss in the paravertebral muscles. Therefore, dystrophin dysfunction may be relevant to AIS occurrence and development.

Methods: This study enrolled 40 patients with AIS, 20 patients with congenital scoliosis (CS), and 20 patients with spinal degenerative disease (SDD). All patients underwent open posterior surgery in our hospital, and a paravertebral muscle (multifidus muscle) biopsy was performed intraoperatively. This study included many indexes that describe muscle, especially dystrophin staining. The above pathological results were compared among the AIS, CS, and SDD groups. The correlation between the Cobb angle and Nash–Moe classification and the above pathological results was analyzed in patients with AIS. Results: Significant reductions in the dystrophin staining of dystrophin-1 (p<0.001), dystrophin-2 (p<0.001), and dystrophin-3 (p<0.001) were observed in the AIS group than in the CS and SDD groups. The higher the Nash–Moe classification in the AIS group, the more significant the loss of dystrophin-2 (p=0.042) in the convex paraspinal muscles. Additionally, a significantly positive correlation was observed between the reductions of dystrophin-2 on the concave side of the AIS group and Cobb angle (p=0.011). Conclusions Dystrophin protein deficiency in the paraspinal muscles plays a crucial role in AIS formation and progression. The severity of scoliosis in patients with AIS is correlated with the extent of dystrophin loss in the paravertebral muscles. Therefore, dystrophin dysfunction may be relevant to AIS occurrence and development.

Objective:To summarize the evidence of pelvic floor muscle training for the prevention and treatment of postpartum urinary incontinence, providing guidance and reference for clinical practice.Methods:According to the "6S" pyramid model, clinical decision-making, guidelines, and systematic reviews on pelvic floor muscle training for the prevention and treatment of postpartum urinary incontinence were searched in UpToDate, British Medical Journal (BMJ) Best Practice, National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network, New Zealand Guideline Group, Guidelines International Network, Medlive, Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Evidence-Based Health Care Center Database, Cochrane Library, professional association website, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Biology Medicine disc, WanFang Data, and VIP. The search period was from March 2013 to March 2023. Two trained researchers evaluated the quality of literature and integrated and extracted evidence.Results:A total of 22 articles were included, including 8 clinical decision-making, 6 guidelines, 7 systematic reviews, and 1 expert consensus. Twenty-one best pieces of evidence were summarized from 5 aspects, consisting of risk factors, prevention, evaluation, treatment and health guidance for postpartum urinary incontinence.Conclusions:The best evidence for the prevention and treatment of postpartum urinary incontinence through pelvic floor muscle training summarized is convenient for medical and nursing staff to conduct scientific urinary incontinence assessment, pelvic floor muscle training education and guidance for pregnant and postpartum women.

Objective:To explore the association between childhood growing environment and depressive symptoms in young old persons aged 60 to 74 years.Methods:The data of the fourth wave of China Health and Re-tirement Longitudinal Study in 2018 and the life course survey in 2014 were used to secondary analysis.A total of 7 642 young old persons aged 60 to 74 years were included,and the 10-item of the Center for Epidemiological Stud-ies Depression(CES-D-10)scale was used to evaluate the depressive symptoms.The generalized linear mixed effects model was used to explore the relationship between childhood growing environment and depressive symp-toms in the young old persons.Results:The detection rate of depressive symptoms occurrence in the young old per-sons was 37.2％.The risk factors of depressive symptoms included female(OR=1.89),rural(OR=1.35),hav-ing hunger experience(OR=1.22),poor relationship with male dependents(OR=1.72),female caregiver's expe-riences of being bedridden due to illness(OR=1.38),community insecurity(OR=1.59),more harmonious neigh-borhood relationship(OR=1.20)and less harmonious neighborhood relationship(OR=1.81).The protective fac-tors of depressive symptoms occurrence included moderate(OR=0.79)and high(OR=0.50)per capita house-hold income,and educated father(OR=0.84)(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Childhood growing environment is an influ-ential factor of depressive symptoms in the young old persons.The long-term health effects of childhood environ-ment should be paid attention to.

Objective:To prospectively observe the changes of tumor-related symptoms in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma following the administration of nimotuzumab one week before radiotherapy.Methods:Non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with positive epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and symptoms caused by the primary lesion or metastatic cervical lymph nodes admitted to Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences were prospectively recruited. Investigators recorded tumor-related symptoms in recruited patients one day before the first administration of nimotuzumab (D0) and conducted follow-up visits from day 2 to day 7 after the first administration (D2-D7) to document symptom changes. All recruited patients were asked to assess tumor-related symptoms on D0 and D7 by visual analogue scale (VAS) scores. VAS scores were analyzed by paired t-test. Results:From June 2020 to April 2023, a total of 21 patients met the inclusion criteria. The median age was 49 years (range: 27-69 years), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.3:1. Among the patients, 17 patients (81%) received concurrent nimotuzumab for 8 cycles, 7 cycles for 3 cases (14%), and 6 cycles for 1 case (5%), respectively. All patients completed symptom assessments as required. The overall response rate of symptoms after the first administration of nimotuzumab was 62%, with response rates of 4/6、5/8、4/10、4/10、4/11、3/11 for tinnitus, headache, aural fullness, secondary pain caused by neck mass, nasal bleeding, and nasal obstruction, respectively. The VAS scores for overall symptoms were significantly decreased after the administration of nimotuzumab one week before radiotherapy ( P<0.001), with the most significant decrease in VAS scores for tinnitus, aural fullness, and headache. Conclusion:The administration of nimotuzumab one week before radiotherapy significantly alleviates tumor-related symptoms in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma, particularly in alleviating tinnitus, aural fullness, and headache.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of traditional Chinese medicine bone-setting technique using spinal,pelvi-lower extremity line to treat patients with knee osteoarthritis(KOA).Methods 426 patients with KOA were all from the First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.They were randomly divided into experimental group(384 cases,57 cases of elimination,shedding and termination)by computer generated sequence.Traditional Chinese bone setting techniques were applied with spinal-pelvic-lower limb force line(divided into three parts:lumbar fixed point reduction method,hip joint push-pull and extension method and knee peripheral tendon recovery method every 3 days.2 weeks)treatment;The control group was the waiting treatment group(48 cases,6 cases were eliminated,abscission,termination),which was only used for clinical observation for 2 weeks.The main outcome index was WOMAC pain score.Secondary outcome measures were WOMAC stiffness score,functional score,standardized score and quality of life score(SF-12).The test time points were baseline,2 weeks after enrollment,and follow-up(14 weeks after enrollment).The control group was at baseline and 2 weeks after enrollment.Results Compared with baseline,WOMAC pain score,stiffness score,functional score and standardized score were all decreased in 2 groups 2 weeks after enrollment(P<0.05),but the experimental group was significantly decreased compared with the control group(P<0.001).SF-12 quality of life scores were all higher than before(P<0.001),but the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.001).At follow-up,compared with 2 weeks after enrollment,WOMAC pain scores were increased(P<0.001),WOMAC stiffness,joint function and standardized scores were decreased(P<0.001),and SF-12 scores were increased(P<0.001).Conclusion The use of spinal-pelvi-lower extremity line of traditional Chinese medicine bone-setting technique in the treatment of KOA is effective in improving the knee joint function and improving the quality of life of patients,but the short-term effect of pain relief is good,and the long-term effect is not good.Its safety is good,and it can be considered in clinical application for KOA patients with joint dysfunction as the main manifestation.

This study aims at developing a dataset for determining the presence of carotid artery plaques in ultrasound images,composed of 1761 ultrasound images from 1165 participants.A deep learning architecture that combines bilinear convolutional neural networks with residual neural networks,known as the single-input BCNN-ResNet model,was utilized to aid clinical doctors in diagnosing plaques using carotid ultrasound images.Following training,internal validation,and external validation,the model yielded an ROC AUC of 0.99(95%confidence interval:0.91 to 0.84)in internal validation and 0.95(95%confidence interval:0.96 to 0.94)in external validation,surpassing the ResNet-34 network model,which achieved an AUC of 0.98(95%confidence interval:0.99 to 0.95)in internal validation and 0.94(95%confidence interval:0.95 to 0.92)in external validation.Consequently,the single-input BCNN-ResNet network model has shown remarkable diagnostic capabilities and offers an innovative solution for the automatic detection of carotid artery plaques.

Objective To investigate the imaging manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease-associated spondyloarthritis(IBD-SpA).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 85 patients with inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)who underwent abdominal CT and MRI examinations.Patients with pregnancy,lactation,psoriasis,tumors,and other conditions were excluded through medical record screening,all patients met the diagnostic criteria for IBD.The presence of spondyloarthritis(SpA)was confirmed through ima-ging findings,and the imaging characteristics of the location and bone changes of SpA were observed.Twenty patients who under-went abdominal CT examination during the same period were selected as the control group.Results A total of 85 patients with IBD under-went CT and MRI examinations,the detection rate of MRI(37.6％)was significantly higher than that of CT(30.6％)(P＜0.05).Based on comprehensive imaging features,5 cases of grade 1,13 cases of grade 11,11 cases of grade Ⅲ,and 3 cases of grade Ⅳ,IBD-SpA were diagnosed.In the control group,1 case of sacroiliitis was detected,of which 1 case of grade Ⅱ.The detection rate of CT in the IBD group(30.6％)was significantly higher than that in the control group(5％)(P＜0.05).Conclusion The incidence of SpA is relatively high in patients with IBD.Both CT and MRI have certain diagnostic value for IBD-SpA.CT has diagnostic advantages in bone sclerosis and joint space narrowing,while MRI can better reflect minor lesions and early bone marrow edema changes.The com-bination of CT and MRI examinations can provide diagnostic evidence for clinicians and effectively improve patient symptoms.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy and safety of the combination PP(Pemetrexed+Cisplatin)regimen of sindilizumab(Sintilimab)+bevacizumab(Bevacizumab)in advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC)with disease progression after treatment with epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)tyrosine kinase inhibitors.Methods Patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC with disease progression after receiving EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment from January 2019 to January 2022 were retrospectively selected from The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.According to the different treatment modalities,patients were divided into the pemetrexed+cisplatin treatment group(Chemotherapy)group and the pemetrexed+cisplatin+si ndilizumab+bevacizumab treatment(Sintilimab+Bevacizumab)group.Progression-free survival(PFS),overall survival(OS),objective response rate(ORR)and disease control rate(DCR)were compared between the two groups and the occurrence of adverse reactions was assessed.Results A total of 107 patients were enrolled in the study,53 in the Sintilimab+Bevacizumab group and 54 in the Chemotherapy group.The median PFS and median OS were significantly higher in the Sintilimab+Bevacizumab group than in the Chemotherapy group(P＜0.05).The median PFS and median OS in the Sintilimab+Bevacizumab group were significantly higher than in the Chemotherapy group.Bevacizumab group had no statistically significant difference in ORR with Chemotherapy group(P＞0.05),while DCR was significantly higher than Chemotherapy group(P＜0.05).The main adverse reactions were similar in both groups with the most common adverse events being anemia and neutrophils decrease.Conclusion Sintilimab+Bevacizumab combined with PP regimen treatment improved DCR and prolonged PFS and OS in patients with advanced non-squamous NSCLC whose disease progressed after EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor treatment.