Using the weight-average molecular weight 50 000 polylactic acid (PLA) as a carrier, and a certain proportion of erythromycin (EM) and prednisone acetate (PNA) to mixed prepare the compound erythromycin sustained release preparation (sustained-release tablets). Using ultraviolet spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to detect separately the release amount of EM and PNA in vitro medium. The sustained-release tablets release for about 21 days, the average content of EM is 99.7 mg/table, RSD = 0.82%; and the average content of PNA is 10.03 mg/table, RSD = 0.93%. Within 21 days, the cumulative releases of EM and PNA are 86.1% and 78.3%, respectively. The drug release is steady and slow after 5 days, the burst release phenomenon in early stage is more significant. The results showed that the sustained-release tablet preparation method is feasible, the release performance is good and the clinical efficacy is significant.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the compatible stability of Voriconazole for injection after mixed with Fructose injec-tion or Invert sugar injection. METHODS:Referring to package inserts,Voriconazole for injection 200 mg was dissolved with Wa-ter for injection to 20 mL,and then combined with Fructose injection 250 mL and Invert sugar injection 250 mL,respectively. At room temperature,the appearance of mixtures were observed 0,1,2,3,4,5 h after mixing,and pH value and the number of in-soluble particles were determined;the content of voriconazole was determined by HPLC. RESULTS:Under above condition,the appearance and pH value of mixtures had no significant change within 5 h;the number of particles ≥10 μm and ≥25 μm were all in line with the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2015 edition);the relative content of voriconazole was decreasing (95.28%-100%),but it changed within ±5%(RSD<2%,n=6). CONCLUSIONS:Voriconazole for injection could keep stable within 5 h after mixed with Fructose injection or Invert sugar injection.

Objective To evaluate the clinical and radiological features of Gorham disease. Methods Clinical and radiological features of Gorham disease were retrospectively analyzed by reviewing the eleven cases from our hospital and the cases reported in the domestic literature in the past fifty years. The diagnoses of all these 11 patients were in accordance with the diagnostic criteria established by Wells and Gray et al. All patients had X?ray plain film, four had CT scan and five had MR examination, with one had additional contrast?enhanced MR examination. Results There were 7 males and 4 females, age ranged from 16 to 66 years with a median age of 32 years. There were six cases involving hand, one involving ulnar and radial bones, one involving acetabulum and three involving jaw bones. The main clinical manifestations were pain, swelling, limited activity, and focal muscular atrophy occurred in 7 cases. On X?ray plain films, the affected bone became thin and the cortexes were not smooth and became coarse in 6 cases. Local lucent area was seen in 5 cases and massive bone absorption was seen in 6 cases. The residual bones showed a tapering appearance in 1 case. Pathological fracture occurred in 1 case. On CT scans, the affected bone became thin and the cortexes became coarse in 4 cases. Local lucent area was seen in 1 case. Massive bone absorption was seen in 3 cases. The adjacent muscular atrophy and widened intermuscular fat space occurred in 2 cases (atrophic bone absorption). On MRI, normal signal intensity of bone marrow disappeared and demonstrated low signal on T1WI and high signal on T2WI. The signal could be homogeneous or heterogeneous. There were widespread strip and patchy high signal areas in the soft tissue around the absorption areas in 4 cases, which resembled the edema?like signal. In 1 case, there was irregular widespread soft tissue mass around the absorption areas with heterogeneous high signal on T2WI. The adjacent muscle showed atrophy, and the intermuscular fat space became wide. There were a total of 92 cases reported cases in the literature including our 11 cases. There were 63 males and 29 females. The onset age ranged from 10 to 40 years in 66/92(72%)cases. The lesion affected one bone in 24 cases, affected two or more bones in 68 cases, out of which 9 cases had single center distribution, 59 cases had multiple centers distribution. Pectoral girdle, pelvis, maxillofacial bones, and hand were the most common sites of involvement in decreasing order. Forty three cases had muscle atrophy and 8 cases had soft tissue mass. Conclusion Gorham disease should be considered when atrophic bone absorption in one bone or continuous bones occurs that does not match clinical symptoms, with soft tissue atrophy but no bone sclerosis or periosteal reaction in the osteolytic areas.

Objective To investigate the status of musculoskeletal articles and musculoskeletal injury articles published in the major journals of radiology in China and compare with abroad during the last decade.Methods Statistic analysis and comparison were done with musculoskeletal injury articles published in the major journals of radiology in China and abroad.The number,category,exam methods,study region and study contents were analyzed respectively.The journals in China included Chinese Journal of Radiology,Journal of Clinical Radiology and Journal of Practical Radiology.The journals at abroad included Radiology,the American Journal of Roentgenology(AJR),the British Journal of Radiology(BJR)and Skeletal Radiology.Results The rate of musculoskeletal articles among the treatise articles was 13.O%(827/6352)in China and 10.4%(900/8659)in three kinds of compressive jonrnals at abroad.The rate of musculoskeletal injury articles in musculoskeletal articles was 21.5%(178/827)in China and 10.8%(97/900)abroad.Among the review articles,the rate was 9.9%(73/741)and 13.7%(10/73)in China.respectively,while that was 4.3%(34/783)and 23.5%(8/34),respectively abroad.Among the case reports,the rate was 17.0%(675/3971)and 3.4%(23/675)in China respectively,while that was 8.8%(177/2019)and 14.7%(26/177),respectively abroad.The rate of exam methods which onlv used X-ray plain film in injury articles was 11.7%(26/222),mainly CT was 42.8%(95/222)and mainly MR was27%(60/222)in China,while that was10.9%(32/295),9.8%(29/295)and 32.5%(96/295),respectively in four kinds of journals at abroad.The combination examination was 16.2%(36/222)in China and 42.0%(124/295)at abroad respectively,The other was 2.3%(5/222)in China and 4.8%(14/295)at abroad.As for the study region,the rate of vertebrate column was 22.5%(50/222).knee joint was 21.1%(47/222),cranial and facial bones was 15.3%(34/222),hip joint was 7.2%(16/222).thoracic region was 6.8%(15/222),foot and ankle was 4.5%(10/222),hand and wrist was 4.1%(9/222),respectively,while that was 14.6%(43/295),14.6%(43/295),1.7%(5/295).6.4%(19/295),3.7%(11/295),12.9%(38/295)and 7.5%(22/295)at abroad,respectively.As for the study contents,the rate of bone was 64.9%(144/222),articular capsule and ligament was 8.6%(19/222),cartilage and osteoepiphysis was 7.7%(17/222),dislocation with or without fracture was 5.8%(13/222),menisci was 5.4%(12/222),combination study was 4.0%(9/222)and the other was 3.6%(8/222),respectively,while that was 62.4%(184/295),24.1%(71/295),4.7%(14/295),0.3%(1/295),2.7%(8/295),2.4%(7/295)and 3.4%(10/295)at abroad,respectively,The number of experimental articles in Chinese Journal of Radiology was 7,while that of Radiology was 29.Conclusion The rate of article on bone and bone injury was lower in all articles.Emphasize should be laid on experimental research and non-bone musculoskeletal injury in china.

Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of reflectance confocal microscopy(RCM) in the diagnosis of several common diseases manifesting as papules in children, including lichen nitidus, verruca planae, lichen striatus, milium, molluscum contagiosum and lichen pilaris. Methods A total of 579 children clinically characterized by papules were recruited into this study. RCM was used to observe lesions and perilesional normal skin. The RCM features of 6 diseases manifesting as papules were analyzed and compared. Results Based on RCM images, 236 patients were diagnosed with lichen nitidus, 70 with verruca planae, 123 with lichen striatus, 40 with milium, 53 with molluscum contagiosum and 57 with lichen pilaris. All the 6 diseases had typical RCM features. Concretely speaking, RCM images of lichen nitidus lesions showed infiltration of dense inflammatory cells and melanophages in enlarged dermal papillae. In RCM images of verruca planae lesions, cells in the granular and spinous layers were arranged in concentric circles, giving a rose cluster?like appearance. RCM images of lichen striatus lesions revealed focal swelling of stratum spinosum, absent or local liquifaction degeneration of basal cells, and clustering of a moderate number of inflammatory cells in the superficial dermis. In RCM images of milium lesions, well?circumscribed round or oval structures containing highly but nonuniformly refractive materials could be seen in the dermis. RCM images of molluscum contagiosum lesions showed intact cystoid structures containing highly refractive molluscum bodies. Lowly to moderately refractive cutin ? like materials were observed along with the dilation of hair follicle infundibula in RCM images of lichen pilaris lesions. In RCM images, the 6 diseases were distinguished mainly based on structural features(patterns and refractivity)of skin lesions shown by continuous vertical scanning. Conclusion RCM is of great value to the diagnosis of diseases manifesting as papules in children.

Objective:To evaluate the role of Sigma-1 receptor (Sigma-1R) in pentazoxine-induced reduction of oxygen-glucose deprivation and restoration (OGD/R) injury in SH-SY5Y cells and the relationship with endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS).Methods:The well-growing SH-SY5Y cells were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), OGD/R group (group O), OGD/R+ pentazoxin group (group OP) and OGD/R+ pintazoxin+ BD1047 group (group OPB). The cells in group C were normally cultured. In O group, OP group and OPB group, the culture medium was replaced with EBSS medium, and then the cells were cultured in an incubator of 5% CO 2-95% N 2 at 37 ℃ for 4 h, then replaced with DMEM/F12 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum for restoration of O 2-glucose supply for 18 h, and in addition pentazoxin (final concentration 10 μmmol/L) was added during restoration in OP group, and pentazoxin (final concentration 10 μmmol/L) and Sigma-1R blocker BD1047 (final concentration 20 μmol/L) were added during restoration in OPB group. The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry at the end of restoration, and the expression of Sigma-1R, C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1 (p-IRE1), spliced X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1s), and activated caspase-3 (c-cas-3) was detected by Western blot. Results:Compared with group C, the apoptosis rate was significantly increased, and the expression of CHOP and p-IRE1 was up-regulated in O group, OP group and OPB group, the expression of XBP1s and c-cas-3 was significantly up-regulated in O group and OPB group ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the expression of Sigma-1R, XBP1s and c-cas-3 in OP group ( P>0.05). Compared with O group, the apoptosis rate was significantly decreased, the expression of Sigma-1R was up-regulated, and the expression of CHOP, p-IRE1, XBP1s and c-cas-3 was down-regulated in OP group ( P<0.05). Compared with OP group, the apoptosis rate was significantly increased, the expression of Sigma-1R was down-regulated, and the expression of CHOP, p-IRE1, XBP1s and c-cas-3 was up-regulated in OPB group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Sigma-1R is involved in pentazoxine-induced reduction of OGD/R injury in SH-SY5Y cells, and the mechanism may be related to inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective:To establish a mice model that is more in line with the human immunocompromised state,and to inves-tigate the regulatory effect of Rosa laevigata Michx.,probiotics and their combination on their immune function.Methods:Immunosup-pressive model of mice was established by using cyclophosphamide with different dosage,time and end point,and compared with im-munosuppressive model induced by hydrocortisone and cyclosporine A,immunosuppressive model of mice was established by injecting 25 mg/kg cyclophosphamide 7 times every other day,without recovery period;changes in the proportion of lymphocytes in spleen(CD4+T cells,CD8+T cells,CD19+B cells)were analyzed by flow cytometry;qRT-PCR was used to detect expression levels of inflam-matory factors(IL-1β and IL-6)mRNA in spleen.Results:After continuous injection of 80 mg/kg cyclophosphamide for 3 days,the thymus was atrophied,the spleen was significantly swelling,proportion of immune cells CD4+T cells,CD8+T cells and CD19+B cells in spleen were significantly decreased,while mRNA expressions of IL-1β and IL-6 were up-regulated.After 7 injections of 25 mg/kg cyclophosphamide every other day,the thymus and the spleen were significantly atrophied,proportion of CD4+T cells and CD8+T cells in spleen showed an increasing trend,and mRNA expressions of IL-1β and IL-6 were up-regulated;after 1 week or 2 weeks recovery period from cyclophosphamide injection,weight and index of immune organs,proportion of spleen lymphocytes and mRNA expres-sions of inflammatory cytokines in spleen were significantly reversed;Rosa laevigata Michx.combined with probiotics could signifi-cantly reverse the up-regulation of CD4+T cells and inflammatory factor IL-1β caused by cyclophosphamide.Conclusion:In this study,an immunocompromised mice model has been established with 7 injections of 25 mg/kg cyclophosphamide every other day and without recovery period.And a certain positive immunomodulatory effect of the combination of Rosa laevigata Michx.and probiotics has been found.

Objective:To explore the association between childhood growing environment and depressive symptoms in young old persons aged 60 to 74 years.Methods:The data of the fourth wave of China Health and Re-tirement Longitudinal Study in 2018 and the life course survey in 2014 were used to secondary analysis.A total of 7 642 young old persons aged 60 to 74 years were included,and the 10-item of the Center for Epidemiological Stud-ies Depression(CES-D-10)scale was used to evaluate the depressive symptoms.The generalized linear mixed effects model was used to explore the relationship between childhood growing environment and depressive symp-toms in the young old persons.Results:The detection rate of depressive symptoms occurrence in the young old per-sons was 37.2％.The risk factors of depressive symptoms included female(OR=1.89),rural(OR=1.35),hav-ing hunger experience(OR=1.22),poor relationship with male dependents(OR=1.72),female caregiver's expe-riences of being bedridden due to illness(OR=1.38),community insecurity(OR=1.59),more harmonious neigh-borhood relationship(OR=1.20)and less harmonious neighborhood relationship(OR=1.81).The protective fac-tors of depressive symptoms occurrence included moderate(OR=0.79)and high(OR=0.50)per capita house-hold income,and educated father(OR=0.84)(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Childhood growing environment is an influ-ential factor of depressive symptoms in the young old persons.The long-term health effects of childhood environ-ment should be paid attention to.

Objective To investigate human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in adult patients with plantar warts,and to explore their relationship with clinical features of adult plantar warts.Methods PCR,gene sequencing and TA-cloning technique were performed to detect HPV types in 221 patients with plantar warts.Meanwhile,clinical data were recorded,including patients' age,disease duration,symptoms and number of warts.Results Of 221 specimens,HPV DNA was detected in 215,with the HPV-positive rate being 97％.Single HPV infections were detected in 206 specimens (96％,206/215),among which,HPV types included HPV-27 (44.7％,92/206),-2 (12.1％,25/206),-57 (7.3％,15/206),-7 (Alpha genus;0.5％,1/206),-65 (Gamma genus;0.5％,1/206),-1 (33.5％,69/206) and-63 (Mu genus;1.5％,3/206).There were no significant differences in age,disease duration,number of warts,incidence of pain and gender among patients with HPV-27,-2 or-57 infections.Compared with patients with HPV-27 infection,patients with HPV-1 infection were more related to age ≤ 30 years,disease duration ≤ 1 year,number of warts ≤ 2 and high incidence of pain.Conclusion HPV-27,-2,-57 and-1 are the main types in adult patients with plantar warts,and HPV types are correlated with clinical features of adult plantar warts.

Objective To explore the changes of related angles of knee joint in adults in recent 30 years according to the angle value of knee joint compiled by Qi Zhongzheng in 1984,to provide the basis for clinical individualized diagnosis and treatment.Methods 102 healthy volunteers underwent digital X-ray photography of lower limbs.The femoral angle,tibial angle and femoral tibial angle of bilateral knee joints were measured and compared with historical reference value.The correlation between height,weight,BMI and each angle was evaluated.The differences between different sides and different genders were also analyzed.Results There were statistical differences between the mean value and historical mean value of femoral angle,tibial angle and femoral tibial angle (P＜0.001).In female volunteers,the height was weakly correlated with tibial angle and femoral tibial angle (P＜0.05),the weight was weakly correlated with femoral angle (P＜0.01),and the weight was moderately correlated with femoral tibial angle (P＜0.0 1).BMI was weakly correlated with femoral angle or femoral tibial angle (P＜0.05).There were significant differences in femoral angle (right),tibial angle and femoral tibial angle between different genders (P＜ 0.05).Conclusion In the last 30 years,there is a statistical difference between the angle value of the knee joint and the historical reference value.There is also a statistical difference in knee joint angle value between both genders.And in female volunteers,height,weight and BMI show some correlations with the knee joint angle value.However,the cross-sectional survey data of multicenter,large sample size and the whole population are still necessarily needed for further study.