The protection model of intellectual property rights for traditional village culture were studied by investi-gating its current situation , related problems and why they exist in Yongzhou City , Hunan Province , China .

Objective:To analyze the effects of silver ion on the integration frequency of the class 1 integron in Escherichia coli ( E. coli) BL21(DE3) host. Methods:Two recombinant plasmids, pUCINT and pACINAD, were successively transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) to construct HS2 strains. Three experimental groups were set up using 0.3 μg/ml, 0.6 μg/ml and 0.8 μg/ml silver ion LB liquid medium, while control group used common LB liquid medium. Silver ion was supplied by silver nitrate and HS2 strains were cultured at 37℃ for 24 h. The copy number of cointegrates and the total copy number of integrons in each group were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and the ratio of them was the integration frequency. Changes in the integration frequency were analyzed by three independent phenotypic screening method and the protein expression in HS2 strains was analyzed by mass spectrometry. Results:The integration frequency in HS2 strains in the control group and three experimental groups (0.3 μg/ml, 0.6 μg/ml and 0.8 μg/ml silver ion) was 1.79×10 -5 (1.44×10 -5, 3.13×10 -5), 2.07×10 -5 (1.49×10 -5, 2.67×10 -5), 2.25×10 -6 (1.47×10 -6, 4.54×10 -6) and 1.69×10 -6 (0.22×10 -6, 3.08×10 -6), respectively. The integration frequency in the 0.6 μg/ml and 0.8 μg/ml silver ion groups was significantly lower than that in the control group ( P<0.01), but there was no significant difference between the 0.3 μg/ml silver ion group and the control group. Results of three independent phenotypic screening method were consistent with those obtained by qPCR. Mass spectrometry analysis showed that there were differences in protein expression in HS2 strains between the control group and the experimental groups. Conclusions:Silver ion at a certain concentration had an inhibitory effect on the frequency of drug resistance gene cassette captured by bacterial integron.

Objective:The different subtypes of voltagE-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) are known to correlate with the migration of many malignant cancers. This study was to investigate the significance of functional expression of SCN5A/Nav1.5 in human ovarian cancer and its effects on migration capability of ovarian cancer cells in vitro. Methods: Sodium indicator SBFI and immunofluorescence method were used to detect the distribution of intracellular Na+. Real-time PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of SCN5A/Nav1.5. The effect of specific voltagE-gated sodium channels inhibitor tetrodotoxin (TTX) on cell viability was measured by CCK-8 kit. The migration and invasion of ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-3 were tested by Transwell chamber assay. Results:SCN5A/Nav1.5 were over-expressed in ovarian cancer cell lines SKOV-3 and ovarian cancer specimens at mRNA and protein levels. TTX 30 μmol/L inhibited the intracellular Na+ concentration by (41.51±0.41)%. TTX also suppressed the invasion and migration capacities of SKOV-3 cells by (33.80±1.6)% and (43.60±2.9)%, respectively. The difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion:SCN5A/Nav1.5 is involved in the metastasis progression of ovarian cancer in vitro and plays an important role in the initiation and progression of ovarian cancer. It may become a target for ovarian cancer therapy.

Objective Finding out the kinds and activities in protease of brain,heart,lung,kidney,eyes,skin and muscle of Andrias davidianus. Methods Using protease returned electrophoresis technique(G-PAGE). Results 1.Activity of proteases in brain was weak at pH 4.5,and showed no activity at pH 7.0 and pH 9.5;2.Proteases of heart and lung had activities at pH 4.5 and pH 7.0;3.Activity of kidney proteases was strong at pH 4.5 and stronger at pH 7.0,and kinds of proteases were more at pH 7.0 than at pH 4.5;4.Proteases in eyes had no activity at pH 4.5 and pH 9.5;5.Activity of proteases in muscle was very strong at pH 7.0 and pH 9.5,and kinds of proteases were more at pH 7.0 than at pH 9.5;6.Activity of skin proteases was similar to that of muscle,but the former was weaker than the later. Conclusions Among the seven kinds of tissues and organs of Andrias davidianus,kinds and activities of kidney and muscle proteases were stronger and more than others;and the eyes showed almost no protease activity.The proteases-activity optimal pH of brain was acidic;The proteases-activity optimal pH of heart,lung and kidney was acid of neutral;and the proteases-activity optimal pH of skin and muscle was neutral.

After an evaluation system of intellectual property rights in tea industry was constructed according to the investigation of literature and networks , the development of intellectual property rights in tea industry of China from 2004 to 2013 was analyzed , which showed that although the comprehensive strength of intellectual property rights in tea industry of China has steadily increased , a number of problems still exist such as its copyright , trademark rights, geographical indications, intangible cultural heritage, and new plant strain rights.Further analysis of patent invention rights, practical patents, and outward appearance designs showed that the number of tea processing patent inventions is the largest with a stable patent right, followed by tea processing and tea sets, tea sets and tea pack-age.Suggestions were put forward for the development of intellectual property rights in tea industry of China.

Indicators for evaluation of Chinese medicine intellectual property rights evaluation system were selected interms of patent right, copyright, trademark right, geographical mark, protection of Chinese medicine, and intangible cultural heritage to construct a Chinese medicine intellectual property rights evaluation system which is consisted of 6 class A,15 class B and 18 class C indicators .Domestic data of Chinese medicine intellectual property rights were col-lected from 2004 to 2013,the weight of each evaluation indicator was determined using standard deviation method,and the evaluation system was studied according to the weighted TOPSIS method with its rationality and practicality validated.

Objective To evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy of iliac bone block allograft in anterior reconstruction of thoracolumbar fractures.Methods A follow-up study was carried out on 93 patients with thoracolumbar fractures treated by anterior decompression and interbody fusion with iliac bone block allograft from February 2004 to March 2007.The radiographic and clinical outcomes were retrospectively assessed.Results Sixty-six patients were followed up for 60-97 months (mean,78 months).The effective interbody fusion rate was 100％,with the fusion time of 6-12 months (mean,10 months).The Cobb' s angle corrected from pre-operative (21.6 ± 8.3)° to post-operative (5.8 ±5.2)°,but when the infusion became effective,the angle showed average loss of 2.4°.All the 66 patients were associated with various degrees of neurological deficiency,but the patients with incomplete nerve dysfunction obtained different degree of recovery.Conclusions Iliac bone block allograft is effective in reconstruction of spinal anterior-middle column stability with the aid of internal fixation instruments.Thereby,it may be a potential alternative to autograft in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures and can attain early and late stage persistent spinal stability.

Objective To evaluate the use of preoperative MSCT in patients with clinically suspected colorectal disease after incomplete colonoscopy Methods After incomplete colonoscopy, 31 patients underwent MSCT before and after intravenous injection of iodinated contrast agent CT virtual colonography (CTVC), multiplanar reformation (MPR), shaded surface display (SSD), and Raysum images were obtained by using 4 different software in workstation The results of MSCT were compared with the findings of colonoscopy, intraoperative colon palpation, and postoperative pathology Results After incomplete colonoscopy, MSCT was successfully performed in all 31 cases Postoperative pathology revealed 22 colorectal cancers (one synchronous cancers, two with polyps) and 9 benign disease 22 colonic carcinomas were all correctly diagnosed by MSCT (including synchronous disease), 2 benign diseases were misdiagnosed as malignancy, and one polyp was missed Conclusion MSCT is a feasible and useful method for evaluating the entire colon before surgery in patients with occlusive disease

ObjectiveTo investigate the design and mechanical properties of bone cement injectable canulated pedicle screw (CICPS) so as to provide a safe and effective internal fixation for osteoporotic spinal disorder.Methods ( 1 ) Bone cement injection test was performed in vitro,and within osteoporotic cancellous bone models and osteoporotic vertebrae respectively.The distribution of bone cement and screw-bone interface were observed by X-ray films and CT.(2) Ten CICPSs already injected with bone cement and ten conventional pedicle screws were respectively examined by shear strength test.(3) CICPS in the cancellous bone models was augmented with 2-3 ml of bone cement.Then,the maximum axial pull-out strength of the CICPS was measured and were compared with that of conventional screws.ResultsBone cement overflowed from each side hole of the CICPS and distributed only around the front of screws in an even and extensive way.Also,no bone cement leakage was founded.The mean shear load of CICPS and conventional screws was ( 10 600.8 ± 360.1 ) N and ( 15 458.1 ± 31 1.4) N respectively ( P ＜0.05 ).The mean maximum axial force at pull-out was ( 209.3 ± 13.3 ) N for the CICPS and ( 27.0 ± 5.0) N for the conventional screws ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions By dispersing bone cement uniformly,CICPS reduces the risk of cement leakage and significantly improves the pullout strength of screws in osteoporotic vertebrae.CICPS with good efficacy and safety provides theoretic basis for its clinical application.

Objective To set the criteria of mild spinal tuberculosis and investigate the ettect of standard chemotherapy regimen for further establishing the clinical classification of spinal tuberculosis and standardizing management.Methods According to the criterion,a total of 89 patients with mild spinal tuberculosis were enrolled for outpatient conservative management and follow-up.Ambulant treatments were carried out in all patients,including nutrition support and standard chemotherapy regimen.The regimen was consisting of four first-line antituberculosis drugs (rifampicin,isoniazid,ethambutol and pyrazinamide).All patients were followed up one month later,then every 3 months for the following 12 months,and subsequently at intervals of half a year.The clinical manifestations,kyphosis progression,neurological status,erythrocyte sedimentation rate and liver function were analyzed.Results A mean of 30.62± 13.20 (range,18-46) months' follow-up was achieved in 85 patients,whose tuberculosis lesions were cured completely.Another 4 patients,who were diagnosed with drug-resistant tuberculosis later,had underwent surgery for progressive bone destruction and no response to chemotherapy.The mean visual analogue scale score and Cobb's angle was 5.6± 1.6 and 6.25°±3.11° before chemotherapy,and 2.1 ± 1.1 and 12.36° ±6.31 °at the last follow-up time,respectively.Signals of vertebral body and intervertebral disc returned to normal in 6 patients,while solid bony fusion of adjacent segment was achieved in 79 patients.Asymptomatic mild kyphosis was observed in 69 patients.2 patients with sinus before treatment all healed.No neurological deficit was found.Conculusion For patients early diagnosed with mild spinal tuberuclosis,standard chemotherapy regimen could work safely and effectively for healing the tuberculous lesion,avoiding surgery as well as preventing kyphosis,vertebral instability and neurological deficit.Mild spinal tuberculosis that was early diagnosed could be considered as a subtype of spinal tuberculosis.