To solve the problems in the illumination of the portable video monocular telescope for near-obser-vation. Some luminous lamp head and reflective lamp head were customerized for the telescope, and the lumi-nous lamp head was postpositively mounted at the side of the ocular lens, which or the reflective lamp head could be prepositively mounted at the side of the object lens. A wound pit on fresh pitaya was observed using portable video monocular telescope for near-observation equipped with illumination device or not. Luminous lamp head and re-flective lamp head custom-made was able to mount easily and gave the target ample illumination. Portable video monocular telescope for near-observation can be easily and cheaply equipped with luminous device giving ample il-lumination.

Objective To analysis the relationships between bone markers, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and cross-linked telopeptide of type Ⅰ collage (ICTP), and bone metastasis of breast cancer.Methods A total of 217 patients' serum were collected.The 217 cases were divided into two groups:109 cases with bone metastasis, 108 cases without bone metastasis. Serum BAP and ICTP was measured by ELISA. The relationships between factors of bone metastasis and serum levels of BAP, ICTP were analyzed.Results The levels of serum BAP and ICTP in bone metastases group were significantly higher than those in non-bone metastasis group[BAP:24.8 μg/L(7.60-213.70 μg/L) vs 21.2 μg/L(7.3～68.8 μg/L),ICTP:7.0μg/L(1.4～32.4 μg/L) vs 4.1 μg/L(0.0～15.8 μg/L) (P=0.003,P=0.000)].The level of serum BAP and ICTP in patients with multiple bone metastasis was significantly higher than that in patients with single bone metastasis[BAP:32.3 μg/L(9.A～213.7 μg/L) vs 18.1 μg/L(7.6～60.0 μg/L),ICTP:7.6 μg/L(1.4～32.4 μg/L) vs 4.9 μg/L(1.8～10.5 μg/L),(P=0.001,P=0.010)].The sensibility of BAP and ICTP was 45.0 ％ (49/109)and 46.8 ％ (51/109),respectively.The specificity of ICTP and BAP was 83.3 ％ (90/108)and 84.3 ％ (91/108),respectively.Joint detection of BAP and ICTP had improved sensibility in the diagnosis of bone metastasis in breast cancer patients. Conclusion Joint detection of serum bone biochemical markers ICTP and BAP have a little values for diagnosing bone metastasis in breast cancer patients.

Objective To evaluate the correlation of the clinical effects and prognosis in patients receiving medical ovarian suppression (goserelin)combined with anastrozole treatment with premenopausal metastatic breast cancer.Methods 44 hormone dependent mastatic breast cancer patients were treated by goserelin,3.6mg hypodermic injection every 28 days and anastrozole 1 mg were administered orally,clinical effects and prognosis were analysed.Results The clinical benefit rates of goserelin combination with anastrozole in patients with metastatic breast cancer were 52.4 ％(23/44),and the median progression free survival (PFS)was 8.3(5.3-11.2)months.In the analysis of whether to accept chemotherapy,the PFS of the not received chemotherapy group was better than received chemotherapy group (16.9 months vs 5.8 months P=0.048).Conclusion The combination of goserelin and anastrozole is an effective endocrine therapy regiment for patients with premenopausal metastatic breast cancer.It can be recommended for the premenopausal and hormone dependent mastatic breast cancer patients.

Malignant tumor is the most heterogeneous human disease, and it has been gradually reached the consensus in clinical oncology that the personalized treatment of tumor patients should be directed by molecular diagnostics. However, the ever-changing characteristic of tumor in heterogeneity and the fact that tissue samples are usually unavailable highlight the function and significant of liquid biopsy. The material that could be used in liquid biopsy are mainly the circulating tumor DNA, circulating tumor cells and extracellular vesicles, which though have their own advantages and disadvantages, but could complement to each other, thus accurately and comprehensively reflecting the characteristic of the tumor and gave the best direction for patient′s individualized therapy. This article reviewed the recent advances of liquid biopsy and explained its importance in tumor precision medicine.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and adverse effects of lentaron for postmenopausal patients with recurrent and metastatic breast cancer.

METHODSThirty-four patients with recurrent and metastatic breast cancer received 250 mg lentaron by intramuscular injection every 2 weeks for at least one month.

RESULTSIn 34 patients who were evaluable for efficacy and toxicity, the complete response rate (CR), partial response rate (PR), disease stabilization rate (SD) and progressive disease rate (PD) were 0%, 14.7%, 58.8% and 26.5%. The clinical benefit rate (CR + PR + SD >/= 6 months) was 50.0%. (17/34) with 12 patients (35.3%) having SD for at least 6 months. The response rates for bone, soft tissue and visceral metastasis were 28.6% (3/14), 13.6% (3/22) and 5.3% (1/19), respectively. There were no severe adverse effects in the treatment bylentaron.

CONCLUSIONLentaron is a well tolerated agent with reasonable efficacy but low toxicity for postmenopausal patients with recurrent and metastatic breast cancer.

Androstenedione ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Agents ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Postmenopause ; Treatment Outcome

To evaluate the effect of mobilization of peripheral blood stem cells (PBSC) with high dose cyclophosphamide combination chemotherapy and G-CSF in breast cancer patients, a new mobilization protocol was designed on the basis of standard combination chemotherapy regimen, in which the dose of cyclophosphamide was raised to 2 to 4 times, and G-CSF began to be used at the dose of 150 micro g twice everyday when white blood cell (WBC) decreased below 1.0 x 10(9)/L. PBSC collection was performed while WBC increased over 5.0 x 10(9)/L during bone marrow recovering. The PBSC mobilization protocol was completed in 10 patients, the median nadir of WBC was 0.8 (0.4 - 1.0) x 10(9)/L, the median time of PBSC collection was 2 (2 - 4), the median number of collected CD34(+) cells was 6.43 (1.99 - 8.75) x 10(6)/kg. The results showed that the protocol, high dose cyclophosphamide combination chemotherapy, was an optimal PBSC mobilization regimen in breast cancer patients.

Objective:To develop a fully automatic detection system based on the deep convolution neural network (DCNN) for screening myopic maculopathy (MMD) and identifying its severity.Methods:Six thousand and sixty-eight fundus images were collected from Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital to construct the training set, and the public fundus images data set was selected to construct the test set.The fundus images were preprocessed and amplified, and the grade of MMD lesions was labeled and the data was cleaned.The automatic MMD detection system proposed was composed of two-level network.The first level network structure was used to identify the presence of MMD, and the second level network structure was used to diagnose the severity of MMD lesions.The accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, precision, F1 value, area under curve (AUC) and Kappa coefficient of four commonly used DCNN network methods, VGG-16, ResNet50, Inception-V3 and Densenet, in MMD screening and severity recognition tasks were compared and analyzed.The study protocol adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by a Medical Ethics Committee of Anhui No.2 Provincial People's Hospital ([L]2019-013).Results:The performance of Densenet network model was the best in the MMD screening task, with the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F1 value and AUC of 0.898, 0.918, 0.919, 0.908 and 0.962, respectively.The Inception-v3 network model was the best in MMD severity recognition task, with sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, F1 value and AUC of 0.839, 0.952, 0.952, 0.892, and 0.965, respectively.The visualization results showed that the network structure model used in this study could automatically learn the clinical characteristics of MMD severity, and accurately identify diffuse and focal chorioretinal atrophy areas.Conclusions:The MMD screening method using fundus images based on DCNN can automatically extract the effective features of MMD, and accurately screen MMD and judge its severity, which can provide effective assistance in clinical practice.

BACKGROUNDThis multicenter prospective study aimed to assess the utility of dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) prior to breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer.

METHODSThe research subjects were drawn from patients with primary early resectable breast cancer treated in the breast disease centers of six three-level hospitals in Beijing from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2012. The participants were allocated to a breast-conserving surgery group (breast-conserving group) or a total mastectomy group (total mastectomy group). Enhanced MRI was used to measure breast volume, longest diameter of tumor and tumor volume. The correlations between these measurements and those derived from histopathologic findings were assessed. The relationships between the success rate of breast-conserving surgery and MRI- and pathology-based measurement results were statistically analyzed in the breast-conserving group.

RESULTSThe study included 461 cases in the total mastectomy group and 195 in the breast-conserving group. Allocation to these groups was based on clinical indications and patient preferences. The cut-off for concurrence between MRI- and pathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of tumor was set at 0.3 cm. In the total mastectomy group, the confidence interval for 95% concurrence of these measurements was 35.41%-44.63%. Correlation coefficients for MRI and histopathology-based measurements of breast volume, tumor volume and tumor volume/breast volume ratio were r = 0.861, 0.569, and 0.600, respectively (all P < 0.001). In the breast-conserving group, with 0.30 cm taken as the cut-off for concurrence, the 95% confidence interval for MRI and pathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of tumor was 29.98%-44.01%. The subjective and objective success rates for breast-conserving surgery were 100% and 88.54%, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSThere were significant correlations between dynamic enhanced MRI- and histopathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of breast lesions, breast and tumor volumes, and breast volume/tumor volume ratios. Preoperative MRI examination improves the success rate of breast-conserving surgery.

Adult ; Breast Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies