This study explored the possibility of using event-related potentials (ERP) for the measurement of picture-recognition memory and examined its correlation with the Chinese Wechsler Memory Scale-revised (WMS-RC) in patients with memory disorder caused by severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). The subjects included 20 sTBI patients with memory disorder and 22 healthy individuals. Memory function was measured by using WMS-RC. Behavioral and ERP responses were recorded on-line during performance on a battery of picture recognition and the responses were analyzed off-line for recognition memory effects. Mean memory quotient (MQ) of patients with sTBI was significantly lower than that of the control group. Mean reaction time (RT) was significantly longer and the mean correctness rate (CR) of picture recognition was significantly lower in sTBI group than that of the controls. In controls, the main components of average ERP of picture recognition includes two positive-going waves, designated as P(170) and P(500), that appear 170 ms and 500 ms after stimulation when the subject could later successfully recall and recognize the pictures. P(500) amplitude of target stimulus was significantly higher than that of non-target stimulus. Compared to controls, P(500) responses of sTBI group were significantly delayed in latency (P<0.001) and lower in amplitude (P<0.001). P(500) latency showed significant negative correlation with MQ and the scores of "addition", "visual recognition", "picture recall", "visual reproduction" and "tactile memory" in WMS-RC. ERP of picture recognition provides a neurophysiological approach to directly assess memory impairment, and P(500) may serve as a helpful index for memory disorder caused by sTBI in forensic practice.
Brain Injuries/*complications ; Case-Control Studies ; Evoked Potentials/*physiology ; Memory Disorders/*etiology ; Memory Disorders/*physiopathology ; Pattern Recognition, Physiological/*physiology ; Wechsler Scales ; Young Adult

Objective To detect the protective role of high mobility group box-1 protein (HMGB1 )antibody in concanavalin A(ConA)-induced liver injury in mice.Methods The healthy male Balb/c mice were grouped into con-trol group (saline injection),model group(ConA injection)and experimental group(ConA+HMGB1 antibody injec-tion).After 6 hours of injection,mice blood was collected for detecting alanine transaminase (ALT)and HMGB1 , liver tissue was used to do HE stain,Tunel,and immunofluorescence detection.Results Pathological inflammation in experimental group was slighter than model group.The levels of ALT and HMGB1 in mice serum were (52.00± 8.34)U/L and (7.54 ±0.53)ng/mL in control group,(5 551 .50 ±1 445.74)U/L and (18.06 ±1 .65 )ng/mL in model group,(1 977.40±654.89)U/L and (10.77±0.71)ng/mL in experimental group,respectively;the expres-sion levels of HMGB1 mRNA and HMGB1 (relative value)in liver tissue were 1 .886±0.253 and 0.086±0.028 in control group,4.718±0.341 and 0.268±0.043 in model group,3.005 ±0.331 and 0.116±0.008 in experimental group,respectively;the expression levels of ALT and HMGB1 in serum,as well as HMGB1 mRNA and HMGB1 in liver tissue of experimental group were all lower than model group(all P <0.001).Apoptosis and HMGB1 migra-tion in the liver cell (normalized)were 1 ±0 and 1 ±0 in control group,4.67 ±0.33 and 4.50 ±0.22 in model group,2.67±0.21 and 2.33 ±0.21 in experimental group,respectively;apoptosis and HMGB1 migration in liver tissue of experimental group were both lower than model group(both P <0.001).Conclusion HMGB1 antibody can improve the pathological injury of liver tissue,and protect mice liver against the injury induced by ConA.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Paris saponin I (PS I) on human gastric carcinoma cell growth and apoptosis and to explore the potential mechanisms. The proliferation of SGC7901 cells was monitored by the MTT cell viability assay, while the nuclear morphology of apoptotic cells was assessed by Hoechst 33258 staining. Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle progression of propidium iodide (PI)-stained SGC7901 cells and the apoptotic rate of annexin V/PI-stained cells. Western blotting was used to examine the expression of several cell cycle proteins, including cyclin B1 and Cdk1, and the apoptosis-regulated proteins Bcl-2, Bax, cytochrome c, procaspase-9, and procaspase-3. The MTT assay demonstrated that PS I could induce significant dose- and time-dependent inhibition of SGC7901 cell proliferation. Marked morphological changes, including condensation of chromatin, nuclear fragmentation and apoptotic bodies were clearly shown on Hoechst 33258 staining. PSI treatment also resulted in the disruption of the cell cycle at G(2)/M and the induction of apoptosis. Following PSI treatment, the cell cycle-related proteins cyclin B1 and Cdk1 were down-regulated. Expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was increased, while anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 decreased. PSI treatment resulted in elevated cytoplasmic cytochrome c and activation of the apoptotic proteases caspase-9 and caspase-3. These data indicate that PS acts as an inhibitor of proli I feration in SGC7901 cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. PSI is a potential therapeutic agent against human gastric carcinoma.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Paris saponin Ⅰ (PS Ⅰ ) on human gastric carcinoma cell growth and apoptosis and to explore the potential mechanisms.The proliferation of SGC7901 cells was monitored by the MTT cell viability assay,while the nuclear morphology of apoptotic cells was assessed by Hoechst 33258 staining.Flow cytometry was performed to analyze the cell cycle progression of propidium iodide (PI)-stained SGC7901 cells and the apoptotic rate of annexin V/PI-stained cells.Western blotting was used to examine the expression of several cell cycle proteins,including cyclin B1 and Cdkl,and the apoptosis-regulated proteins Bcl-2,Bax,cytochrome c,procaspase-9,and procaspase-3.The MTT assay demonstrated that PSⅠ could induce significant doseand time-dependent inhibition of SGC7901 cell proliferation.Marked morphological changes,including condensation of chromatin,nuclear fragmentation and apoptotic bodies were clearly shown on Hoechst 33258 staining.PSⅠ treatment also resulted in the disruption of the cell cycle at G2/M and the induction of apoptosis.Following PSⅠ treatment,the cell cycle-related proteins cyclin B 1 and Cdk1 were downregulated.Expression of the pro-apoptotic protein Bax was increased,while anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2decreased.PSⅠ treatment resulted in elevated cytoplasmic cytochrome c and activation of the apoptotic proteases caspase-9 and caspase-3.These data indicate that PSⅠ acts as an inhibitor of proliferation in SGC7901 cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and mitochondria-dependent apoptosis.PSⅠ is a potential therapeutic agent against human gastric carcinoma.

This study explored the possibility of using event-related potentials (ERP) for the measurement of picture-recognition memory and examined its correlation with the Chinese Wechsler Memory Scale-revised (WMS-RC) in patients with memory disorder caused by severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI). The subjects included 20 sTBI patients with memory disorder and 22 healthy individuals. Memory function was measured by using WMS-RC. Behavioral and ERP responses were recorded on-line during performance on a battery of picture recognition and the responses were analyzed off-line for recognition memory effects. Mean memory quotient (MQ) of patients with sTBI was significantly lower than that of the control group. Mean reaction time (RT) was significantly longer and the mean correctness rate (CR) of picture recognition was significantly lower in sTBI group than that of the controls. In controls, the main components of average ERP of picture recognition includes two positive-going waves, designated as P170 and P500, that appear 170 ms and 500 ms after stimulation when the subject could later successfully recall and recognize the pictures. P500 amplitude of target stimulus was significantly higher than that of non-target stimulus. Compared to controls, P500 responses of sTBI group were significantly delayed in latency (P<0.001) and lower in amplitude (P<0.001). P500 latency showed significant negative correlation with MQ and the scores of "addition", "visual recognition", "picture recall", "visual reproduction" and "tactile memory" in WMS-RC. ERP of picture recognition provides a neurophysiological approach to directly assess memory impairment, and P500 may serve as a helpful index for memory disorder caused by sTBI in forensic practice.