The index system of comparative advantages was constructed for the pharmaceutical manufacturing in-dustry in different provinces , municipalities directly under the Central Government , and autonomous regions ac-cording to the integrated comparative advantage theory .The integrated comparative advantages in different provinces , municipalities directly under the Central Government , and autonomous regions were scored by principal component analysis and qualitatively analyzed by clustering analysis to reveal their spatial distribution , thus providing the deci-sion-making support for the policy makers, manufacturers, investors and staff of pharmaceutical manufacturing in-dustry.

Objective To investigate the resistant mechanism of imipenem-resistant K. pneumoniae.Methods The minimal inhibitive concentrations (MICs) of the antimicrobial agents were determined by Etest.Isoelectric focusing electrophoresis (IEF),plasmid extraction,conjugation, transformation,PCR amplification,cloning and sequencing were carried out for analyzing the encoding gene of ?-1actamases.Results Three kinds of ?-1actamases were detected with pIs of 7.2,6.7,and 5.4.in a clinical strain of K.pneumoniae.These ?-1actamases were TEM-I (pI,5.4),SHV-12 (pI,8.2) and KPC-2 ( pI,6.7 ) confirmed by sequencing of the PCR products.Only one band of ?-1actamase with pI 6.7 was displayed in the transformant.A 1500 bp segment,which contained the KPC-2 gene confirmed by nucleotide sequence analysis,was cloned from a 60 000 bp plasmid of the transformant.Conclusion The strain of K.pneumoniae resistant to imipenem produces a plasmid-mediated carbapenemase KPC-2 which belongs to Bush group 2f,class A ?-1actamase.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of Bushen Shuji Granule (BSG) in treating ankylosing spondylitis (AS) patients.

METHODSA prospective randomized controlled clinical trial was carried out in 62 active stage AS patients with Shen deficiency Du-channel cold syndrome (SDDCS), who were randomly assigned to the BSG group (treated with BSG) and the control group (treated with Celecoxib Capsule). Twelve weeks consisted of one therapeutic course. Therapeutic effects were evaluated by ASAS20 and ASAS40 (set by Assessments in Ankylosing Spondylitis working group) , BASDA150, Chinese medical (CM) syndrome efficacy evaluation standards. BASDAI, the Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), the Bath AS Metrology Index (BASMI), scores for spine pain, scores for pain at night, patient global assessment (PGA) , erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) , and C reactive protein (CRP) were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSAfter three-month treatment by BSG, ASAS20 standard rate was 63. 33% (19/30 cases) in the BSG group and 66.67% (20/30 cases) in the control group with no significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 0.073, P > 0.05). The efficacy for CM syndromes was 70.00% (21/30 cases) in the BSG group, higher than that in the control group [40.00% (12/30 cases), χ2 = 5.455, P < 0.05]. Scores for CM syndromes, BASDAI, night pain index, spinal pain index, PGA, CRP were improved in the BSG group (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The incidence of adverse events in the BSG group was lower than that of the control group.

CONCLUSIONBSG based on Shen supplementing, Du-channel strengthening, blood activating, and channels dredging method had good short-term clinical efficacy and safety in treating AS.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Biomedical Research ; Blood Sedimentation ; C-Reactive Protein ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Pain ; Prospective Studies ; Safety ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; drug therapy

OBJECTIVETo investigate the detection limit of multicolor combinational probe coding real-time PCR (MCPC-PCR) in detection of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus suspended in the food samples, and to apply MCPC-PCR to detect the samples of food poisoning.

METHODSSeries concentration of bacterium suspension (10(1) - 10(9) CFU/ml) was prepared by using 22 simulated samples including fresh meat and cakes and then MCPC-PCR was applied to detect Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus in 22 samples. Enrichment broth of 101 frozen samples and 5 early patients' anal swabs in food poisoning cases were detected after the DNA samples were extracted.

RESULTSThe limits of MCPC-PCR assay in detecting Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus were about 10(2) copies/test; 101 frozen enrichment broth of samples in food poisoning cases were detected by MCPC-PCR assay, of 23 positive samples, 18 were confirmed by bacteriology techniques; 96 samples detected by MCPC-PCR and bacteriology techniques had the same results, and the coincidence rate was 95.05%. Anal swabs, collected from 5 of early patients in a food poisoning case gave a clue to be Vibrio parahaemolyticus by MCPC-PCR assay and then were perfectly consistent with bacteriology assay.

CONCLUSIONAs a method of high sensitivity and good specificity, MCPC-PCR assay can quickly and conveniently detect multiple pathogens existing in food samples, therefore we recommend it to be used in rapidly screening or simultaneous detection of food-borne diseases.

Bacteriological Techniques ; methods ; Food Contamination ; analysis ; Food Microbiology ; Molecular Probe Techniques ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Salmonella ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Staphylococcus aureus ; genetics ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Kanglaite injection(KLT) on the proliferation and telomerase activity of mesangial cells in rats.

METHODMTT, telomere repeat amplification protocal (TRAP), ELISA, PAGE and silver-stain were applied to detect the growth rate and telomerase activity of MC after stimulation of KLT and IL-1.

RESULTThe growth rate of MC was enhanced by IL-1 stimulation, which was accompanied with a redection of the activity of telomerase. Adversely, the growth rate of MC was reduced by KLT, which was accompanied with an enhancement of activity of telomerase. Moreover, the growth rate of MC and the activity of telomerase were both inhibited by the combinative use of IL-1 and KLT without any influence from the sequence of their administration.

CONCLUSIONKLT could inhibit proliferation and telomerase activity of MC with or without pre-stimulation with IL-1. KLT might be useful to prevent and treat glomerular nephritis related to MC proliferation.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Coix ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Glomerular Mesangium ; cytology ; enzymology ; Injections ; Plant Oils ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Seeds ; chemistry ; Telomerase ; metabolism

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of fire-needle therapy in treating deglutition disorders due to pseudobulbar palsy in the remission stage of stroke.Methods:Sixty-two eligible subjects were divided into a fire-needle group and a rehabilitation group by a simple randomization method at a ratio of 1:1.The two groups received same basic intervention;in addition,the fire-needle group received fire-needle treatment,while the rehabilitation group received rehabilitation training.The two groups of subjects all received a 3-week treatment and were evaluated by the dysphagia severity rating scale (DSRS),modified Mann assessment of swallow ability (MMASA) and Kubota Toshio swallow test (KTST) before and after the intervention.The complications and adverse events occurred during the trial were recorded.The data were statistically analyzed.Results:At the third week,the DSRS,MMASA and KTST scores changed significantly compared with the baseline in both groups (P＜0.05),and the changes in the fire-needle group were more significant than those in the rehabilitation group (P＜0.05).The between-group comparison at the third week showed that the therapeutic efficacy in the fire-needle group was superior to that in the rehabilitation group (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Fire-needle therapy can obviously change the DSRS,MMASA and KTST scores in pseudobulbar palsy in the remission stage of stroke,and significantly enhance the therapeutic efficacy of the treatment of deglutition disorders in this stage.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Suyu capsule on behavior, injury of hippocampal neurons and Ca2+ ion in hippocampal synaptic in the depression model mice.

METHODSixty male Kunming mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, the control group, the model group and three Suyu capsule groups (the doses were 22.8, 11.4, 5.7 g x kg(-1) respectively). The model was established by separation and chronic unpredictable mild stimulation. The increased weight and crossing score, rearing score were measured by open-field and sweet water consumption of mice. Cone cell and configuration of neuron in CA1, CA3 region of hippocampus were observed by Nissl. The concentration of hippocampal synaptic Ca2+ ion was detected by fluorimetry.

RESULTComparing with the mice of control, the increased weight was slowered ( P < 0.01), the scores of rearing and crossing were decreased (P < 0.01), sweet water consumption were decreased too (P < 0.01), numbers of cone cell in CA3 region of hippocampus were decreased obviously (P < 0.01), and Ca2+ ion in hippocampal synaptic was increased obviously. Comparing with the mice of model, Suyu capsule (22.8 g kg(-1)) could increase the increased weight on the 14th and 21 st day obviously (P < 0.05); Suyu capsule (22.8 g x kg(-1)) could increase the scores of crossing obviously (P < 0.05), Suyu capsule (22.8, 11.4 g x kg(-1)) could increase the scores of rearing obviously (P < 0.01, P < 0.05); Suyu capsule (22.8, 11.4, 5.8 g x kg(-1)) could increase sweet water consumption obviously (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.05; Suyu capsule (22.8, 11.4, 5.8 g x kg(-1)) could increase numbers of cone cell in CA3 region of hippocampus obviously (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, P < 0.05); Suyu capsule (22.8, 11.4, 5.8 g x kg(-1)) decreased Ca2+ ion in hippocampal synaptic with dose-effect relationship (P < 0.01, P < 0.01, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSuyu capsule can improve all the symptoms of the depression model mice and protect injury of hippocampal neurons in the depression model mice. The possible mechanism of action is to restrict Ca2+ ion overfreight.

Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Behavior, Animal ; drug effects ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Capsules ; Depression ; metabolism ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Random Allocation ; Synapses ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo improve computer-assisted imaging analysis for quantitatively measuring brain slice volume of rats and mice in comparison with conventional measuring methods,and to evaluate its usefulness in assessment of focal cerebral ischemia.

METHODSThe accurate volumes of rat and mouse brain slices were measured by weight and special gravity measuring. The areas of brain slices were measured by imaging analysis, then the slice volumes of right and left hemispheres were calculated by multiplying the adjusted thickness of the slices. In addition, the brain slice volumes of right and left hemispheres from focal cerebral ischemic mice were compared to assess ischemic injury using the imaging analysis.

RESULTArea measurement by computer-assisted imaging analysis was linear with different accurate areas (r=1.000). Slice volumes measured by imaging analysis correlated well with the accurate volumes measured by special gravity method, r=0.809 (n=45, P<0.001) in rats, and r=0.844 (n=74, P<0.001) in mice. The brain volumes in ischemic hemispheres were larger than in non-ischemic hemispheres in ischemic mice.

CONCLUSIONComputer-assisted imaging analysis can measure the brain slice volumes accurately and compare right and left hemisphere volumes quantitatively.

Animals ; Brain ; pathology ; Brain Ischemia ; pathology ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of EBV immediate-early protein Zta on cell cycle of Daudi cells and the involved mechanisms.

METHODSThe expression vector encoding Zta was constructed and electroporated into Daudi cells. Flow cytometric analysis was used to detect the cell cycle, Western blot to the protein levels of p21, Rb and E2F-1.

RESULTSThe vector was constructed successfully, the expression of Zta protein inhibited the proliferation of Daudi cells and promoted cell cycle from G(0)/G(1) phase \[(30.0 ± 3.4)%\] to S phase \[(47.7 ± 1.1)%\]. Meanwhile, Rb expression was significantly downregulated, E2F-1 and p21 expression upregulated by Zta.

CONCLUSIONZta could promote G(0)/G(1) phase to S phase transition in Daudi cells, which might be associated with the reduced expression of Rb and increased expression of E2F-1 and p21 protein.

Cell Cycle ; genetics ; Cell Division ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; metabolism ; E2F1 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; genetics ; Humans ; Immediate-Early Proteins ; genetics ; Retinoblastoma Protein ; metabolism ; Trans-Activators ; genetics ; Transcriptional Activation ; Viral Proteins ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in the clinical efficacy on cervical spondylosis between acupuncture at three lines of cervical Jiaji (EX-B 2) and oral administration of jingfukang granules.

METHODSThree hundred cases of cervical spondylosis were divided into an acupuncture group and a medication group, 150 cases in each one. In the acupuncture group, according to the different types of cervical spondylosis, acupuncture was applied at three lines of cervical Jiaji (EX-B 2), once a day. In the medication group, jingfukang granules were prescribed for oral administration, one bag each time, three times a day. The treatment of ten days made one session in the two groups and two sessions were required totally. Before and after two sessions of treatment, the clinical assessment scale for cervical spondylosis (CASCS) was adopted to evaluate the score of subjective symptoms, clinical physical signs and adaptability as well as the total score in the patients of the two groups and the efficacy was compared.

RESULTSThe patients' symptoms and physical signs were alleviated, the adaptability was improved and the score of each item and the total score were increased in the two groups after treatment (all P<0.01). The improvements in the acupuncture group were better than those in the medication group (all P<0.01). The curative and markedly effective rate was 90.7% (136/150) in the acupuncture group, better than 66.0% (99/150) in the medication group (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at three lines of cervical Jiaji (EX-B 2) achieves the significant clinical efficacy on cervical spondylosis. This therapy is superior to relieving symptoms and physical signs and recovering adaptability as compared with jingfukang granules.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Spondylosis ; therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult