Adult ; Craniotomy ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinuses ; pathology ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; surgery ; Teratoma ; surgery

Objective To study the epidemiological features of prevalence and distribution of diabetes mellitus (DM) and the injury glucose tolerance (IGT) in elder people in Beijing. Methods Cross over sectional epidemiological survey by random stratified sampling method in elder population was applied and the middle aged people was used as controls. The prevalent status of diabetes and IGT in the population more than 60 years old in urban area was compared with that in rural areas in Beijing in 1997. Results The aggregate age adjusted standardization prevalence of diabetes and IGT were 15 98% and 15 89% , respectively in old age population in Beijing in 1997. Diabetes prevalence in 60 69 years group (only comparable data) increased about 3 2 times from 4 27% in 1981 to 13 73% in 1997. Although it was no difference in IGT prevalence between urban and rural elders, there existed significant difference for diabetes standardized rates between them(17 74% vs 8 83%). The characteristics that diabetes occurrence increased with aging has been confirmed by the correlation of diabetes prevalence to the aging in both middle age( r =1 00, P

Objective:To study the relation between the distribution ofapolipoprotein E(apoE)genotypes and cognitive impairment onset in long lived elderly in Bama area in Guangxi in china.Methods:A total of 112 long lived elderly aged 90 years old and over were collected and tested with MMSE to inspect their cognitive function,and they were classified into cognition impaired group and non-impaired group according to MMSE scores.We determined the AopE genotypes by way of PCR-RFLP technique,and compared the differences of AopE allele and genotype of the two groups.Result:The cognitive disfunction was found to be 14.29% in long lived elderly in Bama area.The ApoE ? 3/? 3 genotypes have highest frequency in long-lived elderly,next is ?2/3,and ?4/4 is lowest frequency.There were significant differences of ? 4 allele frequencies between cognition impaired group and non-impaired group(P

Objective To increase the quality of blood transfusion medical record and strengthen the management of clinical blood transfusion by establishing a management system for clinical blood transfusion.Methods The management system of clinical blood transfusion was developed by using Sybase PowerBuilder 10.5 program and Oracle 8/8i database,through the function module's development of blood application and evaluation by using C/S structure.Results The management system of clinical blood transfusion realized the exchange of the internal data information with the blood information management system and LIS database,and implemented online audit of transfusion application and evaluation,which improved the work efficiency and reduced the human error.Conclusion The management system of clinical blood transfusion can improve the quality of blood transfusion medical record and realize real-time regulation of clinical blood transfusion to ensure the safety of transfusion.

Accidents, Occupational ; Acute Disease ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide ; poisoning

Objective Assessment of genetic diversity and genetic structure of germplasm of wild Hedysari Radix. Methods Fifteen germplasms of wild Hedysari Radix. were collected from Wudu pupolations and Tanchang pupolations. ISSR (Intersimple sequence repeat) markers were used. ISSR data were analyzed with the program POPGEN 1.32. The UPGMA tree and PCoA analysis was constructed using Ntsys software. The AMOVA analysis used Arlequin 31 software and Population structure analysis used the structure 2.3.4 software. Results The results of the ISSR-PCR showed that 126 (72.83%) of the 173 ISSR locitested were polymorphic by the nine primers. The change of percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL) of wild germplasm populations were 49.71%-61.85%. The average of PPL was 55.78%. Two populations of species level of observed number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne), Nei's gene diversity (H), and Shannon's information index was 1.728 3, 1.364 6, 0.224 2, and 0.334 5, respectively. Total gene diversity (Ht), gene diversity with provenances (Hs), the coefficient of gene differentiation (Gst), and estimate of gene flow from Gst (Nm) of cultivated and wild population were 0.223 0, 0.192 1, 0.138 9, and 3.099 4, respectively. The among-population component accounted for 16.36% of the total variation, while the within-population component accounted for 83.64%, and genetic variation occured mainly within the population. UPGMA analysis showed that 15 samples were clustered into two branches including Ⅰ and Ⅱ. PCoA and population structure analysis confirmed the partitioning results of the UPGMA clustering. Mantel correlation test showed that there existed middle-level correlations between the genetic differentiation and geographical distance. Conclusion Our studies showed that the genetic diversity of Hedysari Radix populations was at a higher level, the characteristics of genetic structure included genetic differentiation that occurs mainly within populations and perennials, which provides theoretical basis for protecting and utilizing germplasm of Hedysari Radix resources.

Objective: Taking the Hedysari Radix cultivated in different regions in Gansu province and its soil as the research objects, the correlation of contents between soil nutrients, including total N, total P, total K, organic matter, available P, available K, calycosin. and formononetin in Hedysari Radix were analyzed in this paper. Methods: The correlations of the contents between soil nutrients and active components were analyzed by the multiple comparisons, correlation analysis, and regression analysis. Results: The statistical results showed that there existed obviously positive correlations between calycosin and the contents of total N and total K of soil. Calycosin is positively correlated with the contents of organic matter and available P, while with available K and total P, it is negatively correlated. Meanwhile the contents of formononetin and total K existed significantly positive correlations. Formononetin was positively correlated with the contents of total N and available P, but it was negatively correlated with available K, organic matter, and total P. Conclusion: When the plant grows, it absorbs some ingredients of soil selectively. The accumulations of calycosin and formononetin are affected by the contents of total K, total N, and available P, which shows that the soil with higher total K, total N, and available P is conducive to the growth of Hedysari Radix.

Background Recent studies have demonstrated that epicardial flow in nonculprit arteries,which has been assumed to be normal,was slowed in the setting of ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).However,the impact of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on blood perfusion in nonculprit arteries in patients with STEMI has not been clarified.The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of primary PCI on blood perfusion in nonculprit arteries in patients with STEMI and correlated clinical factors.Methods A total of 117 patients with anterior wall STEMI,the culprit artery being the left anterior descending artery (LAD),undergoing primary PCI (the study group) and 100 patients with normal coronary angiography (the control group) were enrolled.To observe the differences of corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) and myocardial blush grade (MBG) before and after primary PCI in both culprit and nonculprit arteries,the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX),cTFC and MBG in the LAD and LCX were measured in the study group and control group.The study group was divided into three groups; reflow in the culprit artery group (the R group),no reflow in culprit artery group (the NR group),and no reflow in both the culprit artery and nonculprit artery group (the NRB group) according to MBG grade.The level of serum C-reactive protein (CRP),catecholamine,and fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21) were assayed.The clinical and angiographic characteristics were also analyzed.Results cTFC (28.1±24.3 vs.20.3±19.3,P ＜0.05) and MBG in the LCX were different in the study group compared to the control group before primary PCI.cTFC (25.2±22.3 vs.28.1±24.3,P ＜0.05) and the MBG level in the LCX were improved after successful primary PCI,but were not recovered to the normal level.Patients with no reflow in the culprit artery had a higher incidence of no-reflow in the nonculprit artery (78％ vs.19％,P ＜0.0001),and the levels of CRP ((3.29±1.31) mg/dl vs.(2.51±1.14) mg/dl vs.(2.93±1.07) mg/dl,P ＜0.05,respectively),catecholamine ((epinephrine (693.48±89.78) pg/ml vs.(398.12±93.28) pg/ml vs.(562.54±96.22) pg/ml,P ＜0.0001,respectively),and norepinephrine ((7012.43±932.47) pg/ml vs.(4012.34±814.16) pg/ml vs.(5549.03±912.65) pg/ml,P ＜0.0001,respectively)) in the NRB group were higher than those in the R group and NR group.The level of FGF21 ((0.299±0.093) ng/ml vs.(0.612±0.071)ng/ml vs.(0.428±0.074) ng/ml,P ＜0.0001 respectively) in the NRB group was lower than that in the R group and NR group.Conclusions The blood perfusion in the nonculprit artery may be impaired in patients with STEMI.Although nonculprit artery perfusion may be improved after successful primary PCI,it is still lower than that in the control group,and may be involved in inflammation and spasms.

Objective To assess the inlfuence of depth on liver stiffness measurement with real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) and determine the optimal depth for SWE in liver. Methods SWE of liver was performed on 89 healthy volunteers between May 2012 and November 2012. The depths of each liver were varied from 0 cm to 7 cm (from the liver capsule) in 1 cm increment and there were 8 depth groups in total. Then the elastic modulus of liver in each depth group were measured three times by SWE. The body mass index (BMI) and the distance from body surface to liver capsule were documented. The success rates and the mean elastic modulus of each group were calculated. Results The success rates of 0-7 cm were 0, 98.9%(88/89), 98.9%(88/89), 98.9%(88/89), 71.9%(64/89), 24.7%(22/89), 3.4%(3/89) and 0, respectively. The success rates were highest in 1 cm, 2 cm and 3 cm groups but signiifcant decreased with the increasement of depths in 4 cm, 5 cm and 6 cm groups ( 3 cm vs 4 cm, χ2=25.94, P<0.001; 4 cm vs 5 cm, χ2=39.68, P<0.001;5 cm vs 6 cm,χ2=16.79, P<0.001). The mean elastic modulus of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm groups were (4.77±0.99), (4.68±0.99), (4.76±0.95), (5.19±1.10) and (5.41±0.95) kPa, respectively. The mean elastic modulus of 4 cm and 5 cm groups were signiifcant higher than those of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm groups (4 cm vs 1 cm, t=-2.85, P=0.005;4 cm vs 2 cm, t=-3.49, P=0.001;4 cm vs 3 cm, t=-2.76, P=0.006;5 cm vs 1 cm, t=-3.13, P=0.002;5 cm vs 2 cm, t=-3.66, P=0.000;5 cm vs 3 cm, t=-3.05, P=0.003). In the group of 4 cm, the BMI and the distance from body surface to liver capsule of the volunteers performed successfully and unsuccessfully were (20.70±2.87), (22.07±2.42) kg/m2 and (1.45±0.25 ), (1.60±0.29) cm, respectively. In the group of 5 cm, the BMI and the distance from body surface to liver capsule of the volunteers performed successfully and unsuccessfully were (19.82±2.76), (21.49±2.72) kg/m2 and (1.35±0.21), (1.54±0.26) cm respectively. The BMI had no signiifcant difference between the successful and unsuccessful groups (t=-2.83, P=0.108 for 4 cm;t=0.77, P=0.709 for 5 cm), but the distance from body surface to liver capsule was signiifcantly different (t=26.51, P=0.012 for 4 cm;t=79.57, P=0.004 for 5 cm). Conclusions The success rates and elastic modulus were different at different depths. SWE should be performed at the depths of 1-3 cm from the liver capsule.

OBJECTIVE To explore a novel pH-sensitive fluorescent probe for in vivo tumor imaging. METHODS Zn5 were obtained in 140℃ after mixed with MeOH, water, Zn(NO3)2 · 6H2O, H4L and trimethylamine. The fluorescence spectra of Zn5 with the same concentration in different pH aqueous solutions were detected. And the stability of Zn5 was investigated by time dependent fluorescence emission spectra of Zn5 in BSA aqueous solution and 5.0% serum solution. Then, the cytotoxicity of Zn5 was detected by MTT assays. To clarify whether a similar fluorescence response occurs in biological organisms, HeLa cells were pretreated with probe Zn5 (0.5 μmol·L- 1) and fluorescence imaging were collected for targeting lysosomes in living cells because of lysosomes' acidic microenvironment. The A375 tumor-bearing mice were used to assess the imaging ability of Zn5 in vivo. Mouse tumor xenografts were established by injection of A375 cells with 2×106 cells per flank. Probe (1 μg·g-1) was administered to mice by injection. Images were obtained using IVIS Spectrum CT Imaging System. RESULTS There is a 11-fold intensity increasing as the pH values changing from 8 to 2. The almost unchanged emission intensities suggest Zn5 is stable in both BSA and serum. Zn5 has negligible cytotoxicity for HeLa, 293T and CHO-K1 cells. Zn5 can selectively display lysosomes in living cells. Both the 2D and 3D images in vivo distinguish the tumor from other tissues with good fluorescence contrast. CONCLUSION The high chemical stability, emission in the Vis/NIR range, pH sensitivity, a pKa located in the tumor pH range, and low toxicity make Zn5 is suitable for application as a pH- sensitive fluorescent probe for bio-imaging.