1.Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm as A Cause of Ortner’s Syndrome – A Case Series
Ismazizi Zaharudin ; Zainal Ariffin Azizi
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2016;71(3):139-141
Hoarseness due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis
was first described in 1897 by Norbert Ortner. Various
cardiopulmonary and thoracic arch aorta pathologies
associated with left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy have
been described over the last 100 years and is also known as
cardio-vocal syndrome.
We report our experience with seven cases of Ortners
syndrome due to thoracic aortic aneurysm with
compression of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve and
resultant hoarseness.
ortic Aneurysm, Thoracic
2.A gassy radiograph
Mohammad Ady AHMAD ; Zakiah ZAINAL ABIDIN
Brunei International Medical Journal 2012;8(4):187-187
4.Effect of a commercial air ionizer on dust mites Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae (Acari:Pyroglyphidae) in the laboratory
Abidin Zainal Suhaili ; Ming Tze Ho
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2012;(2):156-158
Objective:To investigate the short and long term efficacy of a commercial air ionizer in killing Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (D. pteronyssinus) and Dermatophagoides farinae (D. farinae) mites. Methods: The effect of a commercial ionizer on D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae was evaluated in the laboratory, using a specially designed test. Mortality was assessed after 6, 16 and 24 hours for direct exposure and after 24, 36, 48, 60 and 72 hours for exposure in simulated mattress. New batches of mites were used for each exposure time. Results: LT50 for direct exposure of ionizer was 10 hours for D. pteronyssinus and 18 hours for D. farinae. The LT50 for exposure in simulated mattress was 132 hours or 5.5 days for D. pteronyssinus and 72 hours or 3 days for D. farinae. LT95 for direct exposure of ionizer was 36 hours for D. pteronyssinus and D. farinae. Meanwhile, the LT95 for exposure in simulated mattress was 956 hours or 39.8 days for D. pteronyssinus and 403 hours or 16.8 days for D. farinae. Conclusions:This study demonstrates the increasing mite mortalities with increasing exposure time of a commercial ionizer and suggests that negative ions produced by an ionizer kill dust mites and can be used to reduce natural mite populations on exposed surfaces such as floors, clothes, curtains, etc. However, there is reduced efficacy on mites inside stuffed materials as in mattresses and furniture.
5.Prediction of Vertical Jump Height from Anthropometric Factors in Male and Female Martial Arts Athletes
Nahdiya Zainal Abidin ; Mohd Bakri Adam
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2013;20(1):39-45
Background: Vertical jump is an index representing leg/kick power. The explosive movement of the kick is the key to scoring in martial arts competitions. It is important to determine factors that influence the vertical jump to help athletes improve their leg power. The objective of the present study is to identify anthropometric factors that influence vertical jump height for male and female martial arts athletes.
Methods: Twenty-nine male and 25 female athletes participated in this study. Participants were Malaysian undergraduate students whose ages ranged from 18 to 24 years old. Their heights were measured using a stadiometer. The subjects were weighted using digital scale. Body mass index was calculated by kg/m2. Waist–hip ratio was measured from the ratio of waist to hip circumferences. Body fat % was obtained from the sum of four skinfold thickness using Harpenden callipers. The highest vertical jump from a stationary standing position was recorded. The maximum grip was recorded using a dynamometer. For standing back strength, the maximum pull upwards using a handle bar was recorded. Multiple linear regression was used to obtain the relationship between vertical jump height and explanatory variables with gender effect.
Results: Body fat % has a significant negative relationship with vertical jump height (P < 0.001). The effect of gender is significant (P < 0.001): on average, males jumped 26% higher than females did.
Conclusion: Vertical jump height of martial arts athletes can be predicted by body fat %. The vertical jump for male is higher than for their female counterparts. Reducing body fat by proper dietary planning will help to improve leg power.
6.An Unexpected Cause of Hoarseness of Voice in a Healthy Teenager
Siong Lung Wong ; Zainal Abidin Ibrahim
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2010;17(1):52-55
Laryngeal amyloidosis is a rare cause of stridor in a healthy young adult. We report a case
of localised laryngeal amyloidosis, including our MRI findings, which included a necrotic centre that
has not previously been described. This case also highlights the need for a high index of clinical
suspicion to achieve the correct histopathological interpretation
7.Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity of Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) Polyphenols Extracts on Cancer Cell Lines
Hazirah AR ; Zainal B ; Abdah MA
Malaysian Journal of Nutrition 2013;19(2):223-232
Introduction: Cancer chemopreventive agents from natural sources have been
actively investigated over the years to seek prevention against cancer. In this
study, cocoa polyphenols extract (CPE) was examined to explore its antioxidant
and cytotoxicity activities. Methods: CPE was analysed for total phenolic content
(TPC) and antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging activity and FRAP
ferric-reducing antioxidant power assays). In vitro cytotoxicity effect of CPE
against HepG2, HT-29, HeLa, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and WRL-68 cell lines after
48 h exposure was measured by MTT assay. Results: The study showed that CPE
had higher total phenolic content (13560.0±420.1 mg GAE/100g dry weight of
sample) than vitamin E (p<0.05). CPE exhibited strong antioxidant activity
comparable with ascorbic acid in both DPPH (IC50 = 14.73±1.47 g/ml) and FRAP
(2130.33±2.33 μM of FE/1 mg of dry weight of sample). The cytotoxicity study
showed that CPE exhibited the highest cytotoxicity effect against MCF-7 with
lowest IC50 value (3.00±0.29 mg/ml) compared to other cancer cell lines after 48
h treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results indicate that CPE demonstrated
high total phenolic content, free radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing
ability and cytotoxicity activity towards HepG2, HT-29, HeLa, A549, MDA-MB-
231 and MCF-7 cancer cell lines. Further isolation of bioactive constituents from
CPE should be done to characterise its potential chemopreventive activity as
well as to elucidate the mechanism of cancer cell death induced by CPE.
8.Endovascular stent graft repair of aorto-iliac pseudoaneurysms - Hospital Kuala Lumpur experience
Nan Chuang Khang ; Zainal Ariffin bin Azizi
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2016;71(1):17-22
Background: This is a single institutional review of aortoiliac
pseudoaneurysm of various aetiologies managed with
endovascular stent graft repair.
Methods: From 2009 to 2014, 16 patients had endovascular
stent graft inserted for pseudoaneurysm of the thoracic
aorta, abdominal aorta and iliac arteries in Hospital Kuala
Lumpur. Co-morbidity, causative agents, in-hospital
mortality, complications and outcomes were examined.
Results: The average age was 59.1 years (range 36-77).
Comorbidities include hypertension, diabetes mellitus,
tuberculosis, prior infection and previous open aneurysmal
repair. All patients had raised WBC (>10.0x109 /L), ESR or Creactive
protein on admission while 50% of patients had
fever. Blood cultures were positive in 4 patients. All patients
were given antibiotics. Only one in-hospital mortality was
noted at day-47 post-procedure. Two patients died of aortoenteric
fistula at district hospital eight and 16 months later.
One patient died of chronic graft infection two years later.
One died of unrelated cause. One patient developed type IB
endoleak from internal iliac artery two years later and
surgical ligation was performed. The average follow up was
15.8 months.
Conclusion: Endovascular stent graft repair for
pseudoaneurysm is a viable option compared to open
surgery. It is less invasive, has lower operative morbidity
and fair outcomes. However, some cases may be due to
inflammatory aortitis instead of infective pseudoaneurysm,
given the frequent culture-negative results. In order to
obtain high yield of bacteria culture for infected
pseudoaneurysm, open repair with tissue culture is still the
main mode of treatment especially for patients with low comorbidity.
Aneurysm, False
9.Traumatic right proximal subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm treated with a hybrid procedure: A case report
Ismazizi Zaharudin ; Zainal Ariffin Azizi ; Naresh Govindarajanthran
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2016;71(4):220-223
Blunt trauma to the right proximal subclavian artery is
uncommon and tends to be associated with
pseudoaneurysm formation. We report a patient with right
proximal subclavian artery pseudoaneurysm after blunt
chest trauma following a motor vehicle accident. The
condition was successfully treated with a combined
insertion of a covered stent and carotid-carotid bypass as a
hybrid procedure. Duplex scans at 6 month and 1 year
follow-up documented good stent-graft positioning and no
pseudoaneurysm recurrence.
Aneurysm, False
;
Subclavian Artery
10.Extra-anatomical veno-venous surgical bypass for central vein occlusion in patients with ipsilateral arterio-venous fistula (AVF) for haemodialysis - A single centre experience
Saravana Kumar Selvanathan ; Zainal Ariffin Azizi
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2017;72(1):3-6
Objective: Central vein occlusion is a common complication
related to central vein catheter insertion for haemodialysis
which can be unmasked by an ipsilateral fistula creation,
leading to a dysfunctional arteriovenous fistula (AVF). We
describe an extra-anatomical venous bypass surgical
procedure performed to maintain vascular access and
reduce the symptoms of swelling of the ipsilateral upper
limb, neck and face.
Materials and Methods: We report 20 consecutive patients
with end-stage renal failure (ESRF) who had central vein
occlusion and were not amenable to endovascular
intervention. They underwent extra-anatomical vein to vein
surgical bypass. The axillary and iliac or femoral veins were
approached via infraclavicular and extraperitoneal groin
incisions respectively. In all the patients, an externally
supported 6 or 8 mm polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft
was used as a conduit and was tunnelled extra-anatomical.
All patients had double antiplatelet (Aspirin and Clopidogrel)
therapy post-operatively.
Results: Substantial improvement in the facial, neck and
upper limb swelling was noticed following this diversion
surgery. The vein to vein bypass was patent at 12 months in
10 out of 20 patients. Graft infection occurred in two (10%)
cases. Re-thrombectomy or assisted patency procedure
(stent/plasty) was done in four (20%) cases. The patients
with preoperative fistula flow rate of more than 1500 ml/min
and post-operative graft flow rate of more than a 1000 ml/min
were patent at 12 months (P=0.025 and p=0.034
respectively).
Conclusion. Axillary to iliac/femoral vein bypass can salvage
functioning ipsilateral fistula threatened by occluded upper
central vein and relieve their upper limb obstructive venous
symptoms.