Background: Neuro-Behcet’s disease (NBD) is similar to multiple sclerosis (MS) in multiple aspects. This study was conducted to investigate the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive and negative predictive values for the 2005 revised McDonald MRI criteria for the diagnosis of MS and NBD. Methods: This study enrolled 28 consecutive patients with a diagnosis of NBD and 48 patients with a diagnosis of clinically definite MS, who were referred to the Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, between March 2009 and March 2010. Brain and spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were obtained. Two Radiologists, blinded to clinical diagnosis, reviewed the MRI. We investigated the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values of the 2005 revision of the McDonald criteria for dissemination in space for the diagnosis of MS and NBD. Results: There were a total of 10 men and 38 women with a mean age of 32.76±7.5 years, with a diagnosis of MS, and 18 men and 10 women with a mean age of 26.8±5.9 years with a diagnosis of parenchymal NBD. The interobserver agreement for the diagnosis of MS using the 2005 revision of the McDonald criteria for dissemination in space with the use of the Cohen kappa scores was 0.82. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive values were 80%, 61%, 71.5%, 77% and 64%, respectively. Conclusion: The accuracy and specificity of the McDonald criteria for dissemination in space for the differentiation of MS and NBD are not optimal.

Ovarian aging is related to the reduction of oocyte quality and ovarian follicles reservation leading to infertility. Vitamin C is a natural antioxidant which may counteract with adverse effects of aging in the ovary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible effect of vitamin C on NMRI mice ovarian aging according to the stereological study. In this experimental study, 36 adult female mice (25–30 g) were divided into two groups: control and vitamin C. Vitamin C (150 mg/kg/day) were administered by oral gavage for 33 weeks. Six animals of each group were sacrificed on week 8, 12, and 33, and right ovary samples were extracted for stereology analysis. Our data showed that the total volume of ovary, cortex, medulla and corpus luteum were significantly increased in vitamin C group in comparison to the control groups (P≤0.05). In addition, the total number of primordial, primary, secondary, and antral follicles as well as granulosa cells were improved in vitamin C group in compared to the control groups (P≤0.05). No significant difference was observed in total volume of oocytes in antral follicles between control and vitamin C groups. Our data showed that vitamin C could notably compensate undesirable effects of ovarian aging in a mouse model.
Adult ; Aging ; Animals ; Ascorbic Acid ; Corpus Luteum ; Female ; Granulosa Cells ; Humans ; Infertility ; Mice ; Oocytes ; Ovarian Follicle ; Ovary ; Vitamins

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) have potential of differentiation and they secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines and growth factors which make them appropriate for cell therapy. AIM OF THE WORK: Were to evaluate the healing effect of BM-MSCs transplantation on germinal cells of busulfan-induced azoospermic hamsters. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present experimental case control study, BM-MSCs were isolated from bone marrow of donor albino hamsters. Five mature male recipient hamsters received two doses of 10 mg/kg of busulfan with 21 days interval to stop endogenous spermatogenesis. After induction of azoospermia, right testis of hamsters was injected with 106 BM-MSCs via efferent duct and the left one remained as azoospermia control testis. Five normal mature hamsters were selected as normal intact control. After 35 days, testes and epididymis of three groups were removed for histological evaluation. RESULTS: Histomorphological analyses of BM-MSCs treated testes and epididymis showed the epithelial tissue of seminiferous tubules had normal morphology and spermatozoa were present in epididymis tubes. Spermatogenesis was observed in most cell-treated seminiferous tubules. The untreated seminiferous tubules were empty. CONCLUSION: Transplanted BM-MSCs could successfully induce spermatogenesis in seminiferous tubules of azoospermic hamster. Therefore, BM-MSCs can be an attractive candidate in cell transplantation of azoospermia.
Animals ; Azoospermia* ; Bone Marrow ; Busulfan ; Case-Control Studies ; Cell Transplantation ; Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy ; Cricetinae* ; Cytokines ; Epididymis ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Male ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells* ; Seminiferous Tubules ; Spermatogenesis* ; Spermatozoa ; Testis ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants

PROPOSE: In this study, we re-assessed the criteria defined by the radiological society of North America (RSNA) to determine novel radiological findings helping the physicians differentiating COVID-19 from pulmonary contusion. METHODS: All trauma patients with blunt chest wall trauma and subsequent pulmonary contusion, COVID-19-related signs and symptoms before the trauma were enrolled in this retrospective study from February to May 2020. Included patients (Group P) were then classified into two groups based on polymerase chain reaction tests (Group Pa for positive patients and Pb for negative ones). Moreover, 44 patients from the pre-pandemic period (Group PP) were enrolled. They were matched to Group P regarding age, sex, and trauma-related scores. Two radiologists blindly reviewed the CT images of all enrolled patients according to criteria defined by the RSNA criteria. The radiological findings were compared between Group P and Group PP; statistically significant ones were re-evaluated between Group Pa and Group Pb thereafter. Finally, the sensitivity and specificity of each significant findings were calculated. The Chi-square test was used to compare the radiological findings between Group P and Group PP. RESULTS: In the Group PP, 73.7% of all ground-glass opacities (GGOs) and 80% of all multiple bilateral GGOs were detected (p < 0.001 and p = 0.25, respectively). Single bilateral GGOs were only seen among the Group PP. The Chi-square tests showed that the prevalence of diffused GGOs, multiple unilateral GGOs, multiple consolidations, and multiple bilateral consolidations were significantly higher in the Group P (p = 0.001, 0.01, 0.003, and 0.003, respectively). However, GGOs with irregular borders and single consolidations were more significant among the Group PP (p = 0.01 and 0.003, respectively). Of note, reticular distortions and subpleural spares were exclusively detected in the Group PP. CONCLUSION We concluded that the criteria set by RSNA for the diagnosis of COVID-19 are not appropriate in trauma patients. The clinical signs and symptoms are not always useful either. The presence of multiple unilateral GGOs, diffused GGOs, and multiple bilateral consolidations favor COVID-19 with 88%, 97.62%, and 77.7% diagnostic accuracy.
COVID-19 ; Contusions/diagnostic imaging* ; Humans ; Lead ; Lung/diagnostic imaging* ; Lung Injury/etiology* ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*