The Proposal for the Standardization of Urinary Sediments Examination and the expert consensus have provided effective and timely instruction on urinalysis normalization,but there are still some puzzles about the methods and requirements on quality improvement for urinalysis normalization.This paper is discussing about some issues referring to American and European urinalysis guidelines,which include establishment of examination procedure,specifications and methods of testing system evaluation,specimen stability,the influence of sample centrifugation,the usage of sample staining,confirmation tests,requirements on result reporting,internal quality control and external quality assessment.These discussions will contribute to the quality improvement of urinalysis in clinical laboratories.

Insulin-like growth factors, their receptors and insulin-like growth factor binding protein constitutes insulin-like growth factor system. Studies in vivo and vitro suggest that they can regulate cell growth and proliferation. Insulin-like growth factors have a potent mitogenic effects which dependent on interaction between insulin-like growth factors and their receptors. IGFBP family contains six high-affinity members with variable functions and mechanisms of actions. In addition to functioning as simple carrier proteins, IGFBP can inhibit or promote IGFs by IGF-dependent or IGF-independent mechanism. Recent findings show that the IGFBP is correlated with the initiation and progression of tumor growth.

With the quick development revelant techniques, proteomics is a very active subject in modern biological fields. The key techniques of proteomics are two dimensional electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and bioinformatics. From the new point of view, proteomics may play a vital role in the early detection of neoplasm by looking for tumor specific protein and elucidating the relationship between the change of expression and different phases of tumorigenesis. The article briefly review the relevant technique, strategy and application for the early diagnosis of in digestive system tumors.

Scleral buckling surgery is a main surgical method for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and it is the basic skill of retinal surgeons. As a kind of classic treatment, retinal surgeons must recognize and understand the essence and connotation of scleral buckling surgery, master and apply skillfully, improve the success rate of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and use the minimum amount of surgical combination to achieve anatomical retinal reattachment and restore visual function as much as possible.

Objective To study the relationship between chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein-1(MCP-1),reduced upon activation of normal T cell expressed and secreted chemokine(RANTES) and experimental allergic neuritis(EAN).Methods EAN models were induced in Wistar rats by immunization with rabbit sciatic nerves homogenate and complete Freund's adjuvant(CFA).Expressions of MCP-1,RANTES in the sciatic nerves of experimental rats were detected by immunohistochemistry technology at different time.Results The maximum MCP-1 positive cells in the sciatic nerves were detected at 9th d.The expression of MCP-1 in EAN group was obviously higher than that in control group at 9th,15th and 21th d(all(P

Objective To study the efficacy of arthroscopic reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)with hamstring tendons and button-suture plate.Methods Thirty-two cases of ACL rupture received arthroscopic reconstruction with hamstring tendons and button-suture plate.The Lachman test and Pivot shift test were performed before and after operation to assess the stability of the knee joint.The knee function was evaluated according to Lysholm rating scale.Regular MRI,anterioposterior and lateral films of knee joint,patella axial radiography were conducted before the operation,to exclude the possibility of osteal avulsion at both ends of ACL.Results The 32 cases were followed for 3.5-29 months,in which 25 cases were more than 12 months.The knee stabilities of all cases recovered.The preoperative Lachman test results were positive in 32 cases,and the Pivot shift test results were positive in 28 cases.Lysholm rating score was 51.8?5.6.The postoperative Lachman tests result were negative in 30 cases,and weakly positive in 2 cases.The Pivot test showed negative results in all the cases.The Lysholm rating score was increased to 90.7?2.5 after the operation.Three cases experienced joint effusion and were treated with puncture aspiration.Conclusions The short-term clinical effect of arthroscopic reconstruction of ACL with hamstring tendons and suture plate is favorable.

Tumor thermal ablation therapy has been the common minimally invasive technique because of its excellent efficacy and safety,and has become a promising clinical minimally invasive treatment.But there are still limitations in its therapeutic range.Moreover,as an effective local treatment,the technology is bound to a cooperation with tumor system treatments.This review provides an overview of the concept of tumor thermotherapy and thermal ablation,and the possible mechanism of the synergistic effect of the thermal ablation with chemotherapy,including hyperthermia changing the blood supply to improve drug distribution,hyperthermia increasing drug intake,hyperthermia modifying the cytotoxicity of many chemotherapeutic agents,combination therapy improving the rate of complete ablation and promoting cell apoptosis.

Objective:To observe serum cystatin C (Cys C)level in patients before and after off-pump coronary ar-tery bypass grafting (OPCABG),and explore its relationship with coronary artery lesion.Methods:A total of 321 patients,who received OPCABG in department of heart surgery of our hospital from Aug 2013 to Nov 2013,were selected.According to number of diseased coronary vessels,they were divided into single-vessel group (n= 11), double-vessel group (n=33)and multi-vessel group (n=277).Double antibody enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)was used to measure serum Cys C level in all groups.Results:The Cys C levels in single-vessel group, double-vessel group,multi-vessel group before OPCABG were (0.732 ± 0.286)mg/L, (0.807 ± 0.265)mg/L, (0.911±0.273)mg/L respectively,there were significant difference (F=3.942,P =0.038);and after OPCABG were (0.616±0.198)mg/L,(0.607±0.201)mg/L, (0.646±0.166)mg/L respectively ,there were no signifi-cant difference (F=0.493,P =0.617),namely there was no significant relationship between coronary artery disease extent and Cys C level after OPCABG,P >0.05. Conclusion:There is no significant relationship between original coronary artery disease extent and serum cystatin C level after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting,namely off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting is an effective therapeutic measure for patients with coronary heart disease.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the clinical effect of Shenqi Fuzheng injec tion combined with chemotherapy in treatment of advanced lung cancer.METHODS:67patients were randomly divided into chemotherapy combined+Shenqi Fuzheng injection therapy group(trial group,TG)and simple chemotherapy group(control group,CG ).RESULTS:The efficacy rates in TG and CG were57.14%and31.25%respectively,there was significant difference between the2groups(P

In order to determine the cellular immunestate in patients with multiple myeloma, T-cellsubsets in peripheral blood from 25 cases withmultiple myeloma were measured with SPA-Ig di-rect rosette assay, the activity of interleukin-2 wasinvestigated by using mice thymocyte proliferationassay. The results showed that in multiple myelo-ma, OKT_3~+, OKT_4~+ cell decreased significantly.OKT_6~+ cell increased markedly and the OKT_4/OKT_8 ratio was reduced. The activity of IL-2 in pe-ripheral blood lymphocytes of the patients withmultiple myeloma increased sharply and there wasa significant difference between the active diseaseand the remission disease. The activity of IL-2 inthe remission disease was lower than that in theactive disease but higer than that of the controlgroup. In conclusion, this study indicated thatthere were imbalance of T-cell subsets and abnor-mality of IL-2 production in patients with multiplemyeloma. The data might suggest that there wasdisorder of the cellular immunity in the course ofthe disease.