The establishment of law of education clerical staff is of great significance to carry out scientific development concept,promote the institution governance by law,and provide legislative protection for the selection,appointment,employment, assessment, education and training of the institution administrators.

The Factors influencing graduate employment in higher education institutions include:employment markets,program structures and job-hunting intention.To solve the employment issues,the government,higher education institutions,units and graduates should work together.

It is a strategic choice for a country to build top universities for innovative talents and independent innovative products.Germany,South Korea,Japan and Chinese Taiwan and Mainland are taking great measures to build top universities.In comparison with Project 985 universities under the direct administration of the Ministry of Education of China and world top universities in their environment,research,teaching and disciplines,key construction strategy including integration of distinctive resources to build top university system should be kept up,core competency cultivation,proper development environment and major features should come into being,and scientific HEIs categories should be established in building top universities in China.

Objective To systematically review the effect of picture exchange communication system (PECS) on social communication and speech in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods Literatures were retrieved from PubMed, Medline, EBSCO, Elsvier, VIP, CNKI, evaluated and screened out. Results Six articles were included in the systematic review. Two of them researched the effect of PECS on social communication and speech, two for social communication and other two for speech. Four of them supported that PECS might promote the social communication, three of them supported that PECS promote the speech, and one indicated that PECS did less for speech. Conclusion PECS benefits social communication in children with ASD, especially for the request, and may facilitate the increase of the vocabulary and speech. The characteristics of children with ASD may associate with the efficacy of PECS.

Objective To evaluate 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging in primary adrenal lymphoma (PAL). Methods Three male patients with clinically diagnosed PAL, aged 59 to 77 years old, were examined by18F-FDG PET/CT before histopathologic examination. The SUVmax ratio of tumor to liver (T/L)was calculated on 18F-FDG PET images. All patients underwent R-CHOP ( rituximab-cyclophosphamide,doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) chemotherapy regimens. One patient had serial follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT post therapy. Results The final diagnosis of all 3 cases was bilateral diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The pathologic results of bone marrow biopsy were negative. Case 1 was in disease remission based on four times of follow-up 18F-FDG PET/CT. The patient's clinical follow-up was also negative and he was currently alive for more than 19 months. Case 2 was of late stage and suffered from adrenal insufficiency. He died 6 months after the diagnosis. Case 3 (the eldest patient) was treated with partial excision followed by the chemotherapy. He died of lung infection 12 months after treatment. Conclusion 18 F-FDG PET/CT may be of important value for maximizing patient management and survival for patients with PAL, a rare and highly malignant disease.

Objective To probe the transplantation of skeletal muscle satellite cells of new-born rats for repairing skeletal muscle contusions. Methods Thirty-six Sprague-Dawley adult rats were separated at random into experimental and control groups (including a normal saline control group and a normal control group). Contusions were created on the left hind legs of rats in the experimental group. The cells were cultured and antibodies were identified through immunocytochemical staining and fluorescence labeling. In the experimental group, 0.2 ml of a muscle satellite cell suspension was slowly injected into the medial and lateral heads of the right calf gastrocnemius. The normal saline control group was injected with an equal volume of normal saline solution at the same sites. On the 5th, 10th and 15th day after the operation, EMG wave-amplitude and wave-width were recorded. The recovery rate of the muscle's wet weight and the gray value of a muscle fiber transverse section were determined.Two-factors analysis of variance was performed on the data. Results Before transplantation the muscle satellite cells were bright red after staining and their nuclei were blue after fluorescence labeling. After the operation the number of cells fluorescing and the strength of the fluorescence gradually decreased. The transplanted cells formed myotubes, melted into the muscle tissue and gradually took part in the restoration. The stained muscle satellite cell nuclei were free in intercellular space and melted into the basement membrane gradually. The outlines of the muscle tissue became progressively clearer. EMGs showed the fibrillation potentials as well as positive sharp waves reduced, but they too tended to become similar to those from the normal side. Restoration of EMG wave-amplitude and wave-width in the experimental group was better than in the saline control group and close to those in the normalcontrol group. The gray value of the muscle fiber transverse section area under HE staining was significantly lower at the 5th day post transplantation in both the experimental group and the saline control group than in the normal control group. At the 10th and 15th days post transplantation, the average gray value in the experimental group had increased significantly more than in the saline control group, and it was close to the normal control group average. In the experimental group the recovery rate of muscle wet weight was close to 1, but in the saline control group it was less than 1. Conclusions Transplanting skeletal muscle satellite cells of new-born rats can produce evident effects in renovating injured muscles.

BACKGROUND:Scaffold materials are the important part of tissue engineering bone, and the ideal biodegradation speed of the scaffold materials can be in accordance with the regeneration speed of bone formation in order to achieve a long-term stability. OBJECTIVE:To summarize the biodegradability of different types of currently available scaffold materials and its relationship with bone formation. METHODS:The PubMed and CNKI database were searched by the first author using the key words of “tissue engineering bone, composite scaffold, scaffold degradation” in English and Chinese for articles addressing biodegradability of scaffold materials and its relationship with bone formation published during January 1996 and December 2013. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Many scaffold materials under organic, inorganic and organic-inorganic categories have been available and the current studies focus on inorganic materials and organic-inorganic composite materials.In vivo andin vitro studies indicate the different characteristics and relative merits of these scaffold materials. Organic materials have a relatively slow degradation rate while inorganic materials can completely degrade but have an insufficient mechanical property. For organic-inorganic composite materials, further studies are needed.

Myasthenia gravis is an autoimmune disorder resulting from the production of antibodies against acetylcholine receptors leading to the destruction of the postsynaptic membrane at the neuromuscular junction.Myasthenic crisis is defined as any myasthenia gravis exacerbation necessitating mechanical ventila-tion or post-operation extubation delayed beyond 24 hours because of respiratory weakness.Most patients presenting with myasthenic crisis have an identifiable risk factor.The diagnosis of myasthenic crisis should be suspected in all patients with respiratory failure,particularly those with unclear etiology.Acute management of myasthenic crisis includes ventilatory therapy,removal of the offending trigger and immunomodulatory treat-ments.The latter includes plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin,and high dose corticosteroids therapy.

Acute kidney injury(AKI) is defined as functional and structural disorder or signs of renal damage including any defect from blood and urine test,or tissue imaging that is less than 3 months.The current treatment for AKI includes therapeutic agents and renal replacement therapy (RRT).The goal of RRT is to remove endogenous and exogenous toxins,inflammatory mediator,pathogenic factor,and to maintain fluid,electrolyte,and acid-base balance until renal function returns.The principal methods of RRT include intermittent hemodialysis,continuous renal replacement therapy,peritoneal dialysis,plasmaphresis exchange and hemoperfusion.In this article,we discussed the timing,choice of therapeutic mode,indication and common technical issues of RRT in pediatric AKI.

Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is a common bleeding disease in children.Recent advances has indicated that such factors as decreased platelet,fear of bleeding,prognosis,therapy associated side effect and restricted activities,usually decreased quality of life of patients and their parents.This review focuses on domestic and overseas researches on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with ITP,in order to attract more scholars' attention.HRQoL should be recommended as an important indicator in treatment and management of ITP.