Objective To establish the method of content determination of Piperine in Biba Zhitong Tincture.Methods HPLC was adopted in determining the content of piperine in Biba Zhitong Tincture.C18 chromatographic column was used with the column temperature being the room temperature.The mobile phase was tetrahydrofuran-methanol-water(V∶V∶V=30∶30∶50)with the velocity of 1.0 mL/min.The detection wavelength was 343nm,and the sampling volume was 10?L.External standard method was chosen for content calculation.Results The inner peak area of piperine(8.3～41.5 mg/L)showed fine linear relation with mass concentration of control group.Its regression equation was A=3413186?-7467.7,r= 0.999 8,with the average recovery ration being 99.7%,and RSD=1.8%(n=6).Conclusion The method is simple,convenient,good reproducibility and non-interference,and can effectively control the quality of the preparation.

Objective To study the expression of substance P(SP) and substance P receptor(SPR) during the development of mice brains. Methods The expression of SP and SPR during the development of mice brains from embryonic day(E) 11 to postnatal day(P) 0 days was analyzed by immunohistochemical method. Results The expression of SP began at E11 and gradually increased until birth. The expression of SPR began at E11 and maintained stable expression until birth. SP mostly expressed at striatum and SPR mostly expressed at medullary raphe.Conclusion The expression of SP and SPR during the embryo brain stage may indicate that SP could be an important factor involved in the early organization and maturation of neuron.

Versican comes from fibroblasts and belongs to chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan.It distributes in various tissues.The versican have functions including regulate cell growth and differentiation,promote cell proliferation,invasion and metastasis,and stimulate angiogenesis.Experiments have confirmed that the expression of versican is involved in various cancers.Here,the author do an overview of versican in the occurrence and development of breast cancer,liver cancer and chondrosarcoma aimed to further explore the pathogenesis of tumors.

This paper analyzed the exogenous and endogenous resource elements in a view of their supportive effect on the construction and development of clinical disciplines,proposed the relationship between two resources elements and development of clinical disciplines,,and provided references to the construction of clinical disciplines by elaborating the specific content and focus of these elements.

Objective: To investigate the core information about tuberculosis prevention and control knowledge among residents in Jiangxi Province, so as to provide insights into formulation of health education strategy for tuberculosis prevention and control. Methods: Permanent residents at ages of 15 years and older were sampled from Jiangxi Province using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method from January to June 2021. Participants' demographic features and access to health education for tuberculosis prevention and control were collected through questionnaires, and the awareness of core information about tuberculosis prevention and control was investigated according to Key Points for Core Information and Knowledge about Tuberculosis Prevention and Control (2016 version). Results: A total of 1 280 questionnaires were allocated, and 1 217 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective recovery rate of 95.08%. The respondents included 605 men (49.71%) and 612 women (50.29%), and had a mean age of (50.05±15.78) years. The overall awareness of core information of tuberculosis prevention and control was 80.46%, and the awareness rates of “Pulmonary tuberculosis is suspected and timely healthcare-seeking is required if you have cough or expectoration for more than 2 weeks”, “Pulmonary tuberculosis is mainly transmitted via respiratory tract, and everyone is likely to be infected”, “No spit anywhere, covering mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing, and wearing a mouth mask may reduce the transmission of pulmonary tuberculosis”, “Pulmonary tuberculosis is a chronic infectious disease that poses a long-term damage to health” and “Most patients may be cured and others are avoided to be infected following standard whole-process treatment” were 90.22%, 86.52%, 85.95%, 80.03% and 59.57%, respectively. There were 491 respondents that were aware of all core information about tuberculosis prevention and control (40.35%), and network was the predominant route for acquiring health education about tuberculosis prevention and control (62.08%, 586/944). Conclusions The overall awareness of core information about tuberculosis prevention and control did not achieve the target set in the 13th Five-year Plan for Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, and the awareness of tuberculosis treatment-related knowledge was low.

Chlamydia psittaci is a causative agent of psittacosis,which can infect a wide range of hosts including birds and humans.However,information regarding C.psittaci infection in pigeons is scarce.In the present study,a total of 399 fecal samples from pigeons were collected from Jilin Province,northeastern China,between March and May 2015,and examined by nested PCR amplification of outer membrane protein A (ompA) gene.The overall Chlamydiosis prevalence was 5.01％ (21/399),with 3.19％ in Changchun City and 9.40％ in Jilin City.Furthermore,breed was the major risk factor associated with Chlamydia infection in pigeon,boiler pigeons had a prevalence of 7.49％,whereas no C.psittaci was detected in racing pigeons.Sequence analysis of the ompA gene revealed that all the identified isolates represented C.psittaci genotype B.Our results firstly indicated the presence of zoonotic C.psittaci in boiler pigeons in Jilin Province,northeastern China,and effective measures should be implemented to reduce the risk of C.psittaci transmission from pigeons to humans.

Objective To establish a less-damage method for tracheal intubation so as to improve the quality of post-cardiac arrest syndrome.Methods Thirty rabbits wvere divided into 3 groups of 10 rabbits each according to the random number table:group A receiving direct endotracheal intubation after anesthesia,Group B separation of cervical tissue and retrograde tracheal intubation after anesthesia and Group C percutaneous retrograde tracheal intubation after anesthesia.After the intravenous injection of forskolin,cardiac arrest was induced by endotracheal tube clamping.After 5 minutes of untreated arrest,conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated.Changes in arterial pressure,occurrence of post-resuscition syndrome and survival time were examined in all groups.Results Groups A,B and C showed 40％,60％ and 80％ success rate in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (P ＜ 0.01) and animal survival time of 23.4 hours (11.6-35.8 hours),62.7 hours (29.4-88.6 hours) and 79.5 hours (40.9-118.2 hours) (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Percutaneous retrograde tracheal intubation is suitable to increase cardiopulmonary resuscitation rate and survival rate in rabbits with post-cardiac arrest.The model has good stability and repeatability and can be used for study of post-cardiac arrest syndrome.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Verrucous ; diagnosis ; Epidermis ; pathology ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Cervical intervertebral foramen stenosis induced by cervical spondylosis of nerve root type usual y requires surgical treatment. The ways mainly include anterior cervical discectomy and fusion and cervical posterior intervertebral foramen decompression. Which is the best way is stil inconclusive. With innovation, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for cervical spondylosis of nerve root type has become the mainstream in the current treatment. OBJECTIVE: To study the relationship between curative effects and intervertebral foramen-associated parameter changes in patients with cervical spondylosis of nerve root type after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. METHODS: From March 2011 to April 2013, 132 patients with cervical spondylosis of nerve root type were treated with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion in the Changzheng Hospital Affiliated to the Second Military Medical University. Neck pain and arm pain visual analogue score, neck disability index score and imaging changes were evaluated before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: 132 patients were fol owed up for 25(4-28) months. Significant differences in neck pain visual analogue scale, anterior intervertebral disc height, posterior intervertebral disc height, intervertebral foramen height, anterior and posterior diameters of the intervertebral foramen, the area of the intervertebral foramen, and the Cobb angle of the fused segment were detected in al patients before and after treatment (P < 0.05). Posterior intervertebral disc height was positively correlated with intervertebral foramen area (r=0.427, P=0.000). The increased Cobb angle of the fused segment was negatively associated with the size of intervertebral foramen (r=-0.273, P=0.003). Intervertebral foramen area was negatively associated with arm pain visual analogue score (r=-0.502, P=0.000). These results indicated that anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with an interbody fusion cage can obviously enlarge intervertebral foramen in patients with cervical spondylosis of nerve root type, and obtain good curative effect. The size of the intervertebral foramen is negatively related to the axial pain. The reconstruction of the intervertebral disc height is necessary to expand the intervertebral foramen. However, the increase of the curvature fusion segments is not helping to expand the intervertebral foramen.

BACKGROUND:Intervertebral disc degeneration is one of the ancient and common clinical diseases. Its complex pathogenesis affected by various factors, such as environment and genes, is stil in debate. Because of the technical limitations, there is stil no deep understanding on the molecular mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration. However, its molecular mechanism in recent years has made considerable development. OBJECTIVE: To summarize and discuss the molecular mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration, thereby providing the basis for the effective treatment. METHODS: CNKI and Medline databases were retrieved by the first author using computer to search relevant articles published from 2005 to 2015. The key words were “intervertebral disc degeneration, molecular mechanism, environmental factors, genes, matrix, degradation enzyme,inflammatory factor, biological environment, treatment” in Chinese and English, respectively. Mechanisms of intervertebral disc degeneration, involving genes, cel senescence and apoptosis, degradation enzyme and substrate, inflammatory cytokines, were summarized to explore the pathogenesis and possible effective treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Totaly 153 articles were initialy retrieved and finaly 52 articles were included in result analysis according to inclusive and exclusive criteria. Unique structure and biochemical properties of the intervertebral disc are easy to cause intervertebral disc degeneration. Traditionaly, environmental factors, such as occupation and smoking, are considered as the main factors inducing intervertebral disc degeneration; however, more and more studies have shown that genes have the most important influence on intervertebral disc degeneration. Declined extracelular matrix, increased degradation enzymes, and overexpression of inflammatory factors can al destroy the entire structure of intervertebral disc, and accelerate the process of intervertebral disc degeneration. Effective treatment for intervertebral disc degeneration can be formulated depending on the deep understanding on its molecular mechanisms. Although there is a further understanding on the molecular medium of intervertebral disc degeneration, the complex biochemical environment within the intervertebral disc is stil a great chalenge to the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.