AIM:To investigate the pathogenesis of aplastic anemia ( AA) through the expression of P 53 and P21, and the telomere length in the bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) of patients with AA.METHODS: The BMMNC were collected from 60 cases of AA, including 38 non-severe aplastic anemia (NSAA) and 22 severe aplastic ane-mia (SAA), and 25 healthy controls.The mRNA expression of P53 and P21, and the telomere length were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), while the protein expression of P53 and P21 was determined by Western blot.The correlations among P53, P21 and telomere length were analyzed .Hematopoietic components of bone marrow were measured by bone marrow biopsy .CD34 +cells proportion in nuclear cells were assessed by flow cytometry . RESULTS:Telomere length in the patients with AA , including NSAA and SAA , was significantly lower than that in con-trol group (P<0.05).The same results of the hematopoietic components of bone marrow and the CD 34+cells proportion in nuclear cells were observed .Telomere length in SAA group was shorter than that in NSAA group ( P<0.05 ) , while the hematopoietic components of bone marrow and the CD 34 +cells proportion in nuclear cells also showed the same results . The expression of P53 and P21 at both mRNA and protein levels in the AA patients , including NSAA and SAA , was signi-ficantly higher than that in control group (P<0.05).The expression of P53 and P21 in the SAA patients was higher signi-ficantly than that in the NSAA patients ( P<0.05 ) .No correlation between the expression of P 53 or P21 and telomere length was found . There was significant positive correlation between the expression of P 53 and P21 ( P <0.05 ) . CONCLUSION:Telomere length, P53 and P21 may be involved in the pathogenesis of AA by inhibiting the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells , and triggering cell apoptosis .

Objective To evaluate the effects of Guhong Injection on motor dysfunction in rats after cerebral ischemia- reperfusion. Methods The middle cerebral arteries were occluded for 2 hours and re-perfused in Sprague-Dawley rats. They were divided in sham group, model group, Aceglutamide group, Safflowere group and Guhong group, which were intravenously administrated with normal saline, Aceglutamide, Safflower or Guhong 24 hours after operation, and continued for 14 days. They were tested with the beam-walking test after treatment. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemical staining was used to investigate the viability of neurons in the substantia nigra. Results The model group spent more time in the beam-walking test than that in the sham group (P<0.01), and it decreased in the Safflower group and Guhong group compared with that in the model group (P<0.05). The TH-positive neurons decreased in the model rat compared with that in the sham group (P<0.001), and increased in both Safflower and Guhong groups compared with that in the model group (P<0.01). Conclusion Guhong administration could significantly improve the motor dysfunction in rats after cerebral ischemia- reperfusion, which might be related to provent the neurons from injury in the substantia nigra.

OBJECTIVE：To establish a high-value patent evaluation index system that can reflect the characteristics of Chinese patent medicine. METHODS ：Based on the common characteristics of Chinese medicine patents that won the China Patent Award during 2013-2016，combined with the general principles and consensus of high-value patent evaluation ，the framework of high-value patent evaluation index system of Chinese patent medicine was established preliminarily. Taking Beijing Hexiang Intelligent Technology Co. ，Ltd. database as the data source ，this paper analyzed the content of authorized patents of Chinese patent medicine in class a medical insurance from 1985 to 2019. After the specific dimension and indexes were formulated ，the content was adjusted by questionnaire survey and expert consultation. High-value patent evaluation system was constructed ，and the empirical study was carried out by using 67 low-value patents and 37 high-value patents which won the Chinese Patent Award during 2017-2019 as samples. RESULTS ：The evaluation index system of high-value patent of Chinese patent medicine consisted of four dimensions as law ，market，technology and content. Four dimensions consisted of 4 indexes [patent maintenance period （7.5， weight of each index in brackets ，the same below ），number of patent requirements （6.5），type of patent （7.0），reason for invalidation of authorized patent （5.5）]，5 indexes [patent transfer status （5.5），patent licensing status （5.5），patent pledge status （5.0），number of patents of the same family （5.5），patent litigation （5.0）]，6 indexes [citation times （5.5），number of references （4.5），number of pages for drug instruction （4.0），number of international classification code （4.0），number of co-applicants （4.0），number of reference documents （4.0）]，31 indexes [such as property （0.6），contraindications（0.6），side effects （0.6）and so on ，total weight of 21.0]. In the empirical study ，the recall rate and accuracy rate of the high-value patent evaluation index system established for Chinese patent medicine is 100％ and 91.3％ respectively. CONCLUSIONS ：The patent evaluation index system established in this study can be used for effectively mining the high-value patent of Chinese patent medicine.

Objective:To standardize the organization names of scientific research institutions in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), so as to effectively utilize the information of scientific research achievements.Methods:By establishing a thesaurus of the names of scientific research institutions in the field of TCM, this paper summarized the standardization rules of the names of TCM institutions and standardized the names of institutions by combining thesaurus and rules.Results:This paper built a thesaurus of 580 hospitals above level Ⅲ, 25 TCM colleges and universities and 17 TCM research institutes in China. Two manual spot checks were carried out on the standardized processing results of the organization names field in the title of the papers. The average accuracy, recall rate and F-Measure were 99.5%, 96.4% and 97.9% respectively.Conclusion:The method of combining institution thesaurus and rules is used to standardize the names of TCM institutions , which is with high accuracy and recall rate, and can provide reference for the standardization of the names of TCM institution.

【Objective】 This study aims to summarize the hotspots of acupuncture research in China and abroad in recent 10 years. 【Methods】 The core collection of Web of Science was retrieved, and the literature on experimental and clinical research of acupuncture in China and abroad was collected from January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2021. The included literature was visually analyzed using CiteSpace 6.1.R3. Statistical analysis was carried out in the annual number of papers, authors, countries, and journals. According to the author's country, the literature was divided into Chinese and global categories for keywords clustering analysis and co-citation references analysis independently to obtain hotspots and trends in acupuncture research. 【Results】 There are 1 215 articles in acupuncture experimental medicine, 3 805 articles in acupuncture clinical medicine in China; 551 articles in acupuncture experimental medicine, and 4 538 articles in acupuncture clinical medicine abroad. The number of articles on acupuncture abroad remains stable and flat, whereas the annual number of domestic papers shows a continuously growth trend. LIU Cunzhi from Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Capital Medical University in China is the author who has published the most articles in the field of acupuncture in the recent decade. China is the most productive country in publishing such research articles. Evidence-based Comprehensive and Alternative Medicine is the journal with the most published articles. The mechanisms of acupuncture on nerve regeneration or nerve recovery and research on the mechanisms of acupuncture analgesia are hotspots in experimental acupuncture research, and the treatment of neuropathic pain and dysfunctional diseases with acupuncture are hotspots in clinical acupuncture research in China. Research on the mechanism of protection of the cardiovascular system by acupuncture and research on the mechanism of analgesia by acupuncture are hotspots in experimental research on acupuncture abroad. Studies on the amelioration of inflammatory pain and psychological or psychiatric disorders by acupuncture also serve as hotspots in clinical research on acupuncture abroad. 【Conclusion】 Acupuncture research in China focuses on the treatment of internal diseases and visceral pain, while acupuncture research abroad concentrates on the alleviation and improvement of cancer and psychological and mental diseases. Treatment of internal diseases and mental diseases with acupuncture is the trend of future research.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Akt2 inhibitor on macrophage polarization in the periapical tissue in a rat model of periapical inflammation. METHODS: Rat models of periapical inflammation were established in 28 normal SD rats by opening the pulp cavity of the mandibular first molars, followed by injection of normal saline and Akt2 inhibitor into the left and right medullary cavities, respectively. Four rats without any treatment served as the healthy control group. At 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after modeling, 7 rat models and 1 control rat were randomly selected for observation of inflammatory infiltration in the periapical tissues by X-ray and HE staining. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression and localization of Akt2, macrophages and the inflammatory mediators. RT-PCR was performed to detect the mRNA expressions of Akt2, CD86, CD163, inflammatory mediators, miR-155-5p and C/EBPβ to analyze the changes in macrophage polarization. RESULTS: X-ray and HE staining showed that periapical inflammation was the most obvious at 21 days after modeling in the rats. Immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR showed that compared with those in the control rats, the expressions of Akt2, CD86, CD163, miR-155-5p, C/EBPβ, and IL-10 increased significantly in the rat models at 21 days (P < 0.05). Compared with saline treatment, treatment with the Akt2 inhibitor significantly decreased the expression levels of Akt2, CD86, miR-155-5p and IL-6 and the ratio of CD86⁺M1/CD163⁺M2 macrophages (P < 0.05) and increased the expression levels of CD163, C/EBPβ and IL-10 in the rat models (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION Inhibition of Akt2 can delay the progression of periapical inflammation in rats and promote M2 macrophage polarization in the periapical inflammatory microenvironment possibly by reducing miR-155-5p expression and activating the expression of C/EBPβ in the Akt signaling pathway.
Rats ; Animals ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; MicroRNAs/genetics* ; Interleukin-10 ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Macrophages/metabolism* ; Inflammation/metabolism*