Objective To investigate the development trends of domestic cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) in the past eight years.Methods Domestic hospitals that carry out cardiovascular sugeries were inquired with questionnaires annually up-on the number of on-pump and off-pump cardiac operations,oxygenators of different types and extracorporeal membrane oxygenations.Classify all the hospitals according to the cardiac surgery amount.Analyze the market share of each grade and the composition of oxygenators.Results The sum amount of cardiac operations and CPB were 170 547 and 136 753 respectively in 2010.In 2010,the composition of imported membrane oxygenator climbed up to 59.75％ from 43.22％ in 2003,while bubble oxygenator composition decreased from 43.78％ to 14.59％.44 hospitals carried out ECMO in 2010 and the sum number of ECMO was 206.The market share of hospitals( 32),with cardiac surgery number over 1000 per year,was 43％.Conclusion CPB in China has went through a rapid development in the past eight years.Medical resources of CPB should be concentrated and normal and systematic train regulations should be established in the future.

Objective The study aimed to explore the application of fast track surgery in nursing of patients with colon cancer in a primary hospital.Methods The 60 colon cancer patients were identified with numbers to indicate randomization into the fast tract surgery group (group A) and the conventional treatment group (group B) with 30 cases in each group.Group A used the concept of fast track surgery (FST) perioperative nursing care,whereas traditional perioperative nursing care for colon cancer was used in group B.Patients in both groups were observed for postoperative time for passage of gas by anus,time for first food intake,length of stay in hospital,fee for hospitalization as well as incidence of postoperative complications,and comparative analysis was carried out.Results Time for passage of gas by anus(t value was 3.571),time for first food intake (t value was 8.944),length of stay in hospital (t value was 3.397),fee for hospitalization (t value was 3.950) as well as incidence of postoperative complication in group A were lower than those of group B.The satisfaction degree of group A was 96.67％(29/30) while 83.33％(25/30) in group B and the satisfaction degree between the two groups was statistically significant.Conclusions In the primary hospital,the fast track surgery care used in colon cancer can not only speed up the recovery process of the patients,shorten hospital stay,reduce hospital cost and the incidence of postoperative complications,but also can reduce the workload of nurses and improve the satisfaction degree of patients.

Objective: Auricularid auricula polysaccharide was isolated from Auricularia auricula, and then iron(Ⅲ)-Auricularia auricula polysaccharide complex(APC) was prepared. Methods: APC was synthesized with FeCl 3 and its physico-chemical property and bioavailability were determined. Results: APC was able to dissolve in water and its solution assumed neutral, and this complex did not precipitate at pH from 3 to 11 in water solution, so APC was very stable. Fe(Ⅲ) in APC could be reduced to Fe(Ⅱ) by ascorbic acid. Extracorporeal dissolubility showed Fe(Ⅲ) in APC could be exhibited in 6 h. Bioavailabity studies showed the iron from APC could be well absorbed and maintained longer in serum concentration. Conclusion: APC was able to have better bioavilability as an iron supplement.

Objective To observe changes in the working memory and brain functional imaging on functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) after 36 hours sleep deprivation (SD) in healthy volunteers and to explore the possible mechanism of the changes.Methods FMRI scannings were performed in ten male healthy young volunteers before and after 36 hours SD and results were analyzed using SPM2 software.Subjects were also tested LTR and PLUS task to measure the persistence and operation of working memory before and after 36 hours SD.Results The reaction time of LTR task after 36 hours SD ( (866 ± 102) ms)was significantly longer than that before SD ( (754 ± 91 ) ms, t = 2.59, P < 0.01 ).The reaction time of PLUS task after SD ( (848 ± 94) ms) was significantly longer ( t = 2.37, P < 0.05 ) than that before SD ( (756 ± 79) ms).The error rate of LTR task after SD (95.3% ± 3.56% ) was significantly higher (t=3.52,P < 0.01 ) than that before SD (84.8% ± 8.71% ).The error rate of PLUS task after SD (95.7% ±4.72% ) was significantly higher (t =3.38 ,P <0.01 ) than that before SD (84.2% ±9.66% ).There were no significant differences between the two tasks.The frontal and parietal lobes, anterior cingulate gyrus and thalamus were activated during memory tasks testing before SD.Brain activation was broader and stronger in PLUS task than in LTR task.After SD, activation in parietal lobe was decreased and activation in prefrontal and thalamus was increased significantly.Conclusions The working memory performance decreased after SD.Both LTR and PLUS tasks of working memory activate frontal and parietal lobes, anterior cingulate gyrus and thalamus.The activation of parietal lobe decreased and the activation of prefrontal lobe and thalamus increased after 36 hours SD.This is the possible mechanism of SD to causes the cognition decline.

Objective To determine whether neuron?specific enolase(NSE)affects the prognosis of extensive small cell lung cancer by analyz?ing the association between NSE before treatment and disease progression and overall survival of patients. Methods This study retrospectively an?alyzed 83 inpatients in the medical oncology department of the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from March 2008 to September 2014. The Kaplan?Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models were used to analyze relevant factors affecting the prognosis of extensive small cell lung cancer;statistical significance was determined for a P value less than 0.05. Results The lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)level be?fore treatment was significantly associated with the progression?free survival(PFS)(P=0.001)and overall survival(OS)(P=0.036). The NSE level before treatment was also significantly associated with the PFS(P=0.007)and OS(P=0.013). Conclusion LDH and NSE affect progno?sis and survival of patients with extensive small cell lung cancer.

Objective To study the effect of glucose regulated protein 75(Grp75) on the alteration of Bax and NF-κB induced by glucose deprivation through the stably transfected PC12 cells with Grp75. Methods The cells of Grp75-overexpressing group and control group incubated in glucose-free DMEM medium for indicated time (6, 12, 24 and 48hours). The expression level of Grp75, Bax and the activity of NF-κB were determined by Western blotting, and the expression level of Bax was determined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Immunocytochemistry was performed using a conformation specific anti-Bax (6A7) antibody to detect the activation of Bax. Results The activation of Bax and the decline of NF-κB activity played important roles in the apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by glucose deprivation. Grp75 inhibited the apoptosis induced by glucose deprivation through inhibition of the activation of Bax and the decline of NF-κB activity. There was no change in Bax expression level under glucose deprivation in two groups. Conclusion The activation of Bax and the decline of NF-κB activity were associated with apoptosis of PC12 cells induced by glucose deprivation, and Grp75 provided protection to PC12 cells through inhibition of activation of Bax and maintaining activation of NF-κB.

Objective To explore the factors that affect the prognosis of extensive small cell lung cancer by analyzing the association between lab-oratory indicators before treatment of extensive small cell lung cancer patients and the initial evaluation results with disease progression and overall survival. Methods This study retrospectively analyzed 96 cases of hospitalized patients in the medical oncology department of The First Hospital of China Medical University from March 2008 to September 2014. Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards models were adopted to ana-lyze the relevant factors affecting the prognosis of extensive small cell lung cancer. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results There was no obvious correlation between HB level before treatment with PFS of patients(P=0.179),but there was obvious significant correlation be-tween HB level and OS of patients(P=0.041). Our results showed that the TBIL level of patients before chemotherapy was significantly associated with the PFS(P=0.039)and OS(P=0.026)of patients. Conclusion HB and TBIL levels are the influencing factors that affect the prognosis and survival of patients with extensive small cell lung cancer.

Objective To investigate the effect of universal salt iodization (USI) on the profile of in-patient thyroid diseases. Methods Informations on thyroid diseases were collected by retrospective approach in hospitalized patients. Results With USI for 1-4 years, the incidence of thyroid diseases in the total in-patient cases increased from 7.6‰ to 11.0‰, the female/male ratio increased from 3.6 to 4.1, patients aged

Objective To assess differences in brain activation between active and passive movement of the right hand using blood oxygen level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (BOLD-fMRI). Methods Nine healthy adult right handed volunteers were studied. fMRI was performed with active and passive finger-to-finger movement. Results Right hand active and passive movement produced significant activation in the contralateral sensorimotor cortex ( SMC ), the contralateral premotor cortex ( PMC ), bilaterally in the supplementary motor area (SMA) and in the ipsilateral cerebellum. The activated brain areas were centered on the contralateral SMC and PMC and located more forward during active movement than during passive movement. The contralateral SMC was the most strongly and the most frequently activated brain area. The contralateral posterior parietal cortex (PPC) was less relevant to the hand movements. Unlike active movement, passivemovement activated more areas in the posterior central gyrus than in the anterior central gyrus. Conclusions Both active and passive movement significantly activate the brain areas which are responsible for hand movement, but there are some differences in the locations of the cortex areas activated and in the incidence activation except in the contralateral SMC.