Objective To investigate the mechanism of treatment of lung cancer with Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Polysaccharides nucleic acid (BCG-PSN) combined with Cyclophosphamide(Cy). Methods 130 mice were divided into three groups (A,B and C groups). Gruop A was further divided into four subgroups . Subgroup A-1 was given normal saline orally 0.25mg/10g?d -1 ; Subgroup A-2 was given levomisole PO. 0.25mg/10g?d -1 ; Subgroup A-3 was given BCG-PSN PO.0.325mg/10g?d -1 and subgroup A-4 was given BCG-PSN by intra-abdominal injection 0.25mg/10g?d -1 . Group B was given identical drugs with group A, after fifth day given 20% sheep red blood cell 0.2ml by intra-abdominal injection for five days . Gruop C divided into five subgroups;Subgroup C1-4 were given same drugs with group A,then given 0.4% Cy by subcutaneous injection 0.25mg/10g?d -1 from fifth day to tenth day.Subgroup C-5 was normal contral group, was given normal saline 0.25mg/10g?d -1 PO and subcutaneous injection 0.25mg/10g?d -1 .Results Oral administration alone or intra-abdominal injection in subgroup A-4 obviously enhanced the phagocytosis of macrophages.The subcutaneous injection of Cy could obviously decrease anti-tumour immunity, including activity of interleukin-2 (IL-2),natural killer(NK) cell, lyphocyte trasformation, and macrophages phagocytosis. BCG-PSN could increase and rehabilitate above anti-tumour immunological function. Conclusions Combinative treatment of BCG-PSN with Cy could remarkable enhance the immunocompetence.This experiment may provide a theoretical evidence for BCG-PSN combined with chemotheapeutic agents applied to treat the lung cancer.

Objective To review the experience of minimally invasive incision for open-heart surgery in 56 children with congenital heart diseases.Methods There were secundum atrial septal defect (ASD)25 cases, ventrilcular septal defect (VSD) 26 cases, double-chambered right ventricle (DCRV) 2 cases and pulmonary arterial stenosis (PS) 3 cases,right anterior-lateral thoracotomy for 23 cases in heart beat CPB and ministernotomy for 33 cases participated in the study.Results No death or serious complications happened,and the patients' postoperative recovery rapidly,mean hospital stay was 8 days .Conclusions Minimally invasive incision has followe as advantages,such as :less trauma, cosmetic, less pain, recovery rapid, safeness, effectiveness, and shorter hospital stay,especially for repairing the secundum atrial septal defect, membranous or para-membranous ventrilcular septal defect.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between smoking and p53 gene mutation in the lung cancer patients with Meta-analysis.Methods PubMed,Web of Science,ProQest and Medline were used to search all the relevant studies about the association between smoking and p53 gene mutation in the patients with lung cancer. Based on reviewing full text,the studies were selected and evaluated and the data was extracted.Statistical analysis was performed with Stata 1 2.0 software including the heterogeneity inspection, publication bias assessment, sensitivity analysis,effect consolidating and cumulative Meta-analysis.Results Totally 15 articles with 1 770 lung cancer patients were identified. 69.6% of the patients were smokers,30.4% were non-smokers.Overall,the smokers with lung cancer had a 2.70-fold higher risk for p53 gene mutation than the non-smokers with lung cancer (OR=2.70,95%CI=2.04-3.59).Conclusion p53 gene mutation is associated with smoking in the patients with lung cancer.The smokers with lung cancer have higher risk for p53 mutation than non-smokers.

Objective: To investigate the role of CpG ODN (CpG oligodeoxynucleotide) adjuvant in enhancing the anti-bladder cancer response induced by MAGE-3 (melanoma antigen gene -3) antigen and its molecular mechanism. Methods: Mononuclear cells were isolated from HLA-A2 type peripheral blood of healthy donors by Ficoll method to prepare mature DC by conventional means. DC surface markers were detected by flow cytometry. MTT assay was used to detect the promotion effect of DCs sensitized by different means (MAGE-3, CpGODN, MAGE-3+CpG ODN, irrelevant control antigen) on the proliferation of T lymphocytes and the killing effect of CTL on BIU-87 tumor cells. The tumor mass of nude mice bearing BIU-87 bladder cell xenograft were examined on Day 7 and 11 after CpG ODN+MAGE-3 sensitized DC treatment. The expression of Bcl-2/Bax protein was detected by Western blotting while the proliferation level of xenograft cells was detected by MTT assay. Results: DCs sensitized by CpG ODN combined with MAGE-3 antigenic peptides could promote the proliferation of T lymphocytes and significantly enhance the killing effect of CTLon target BIU-87 cells (P< 0.05). Compared with other sensitized DCs, in vivo experiments showed that 7 and 11 days after treatment, both the tumor volume and weight were significantly reduced (all P<0.05), and the proliferation ability of xenograft tumor was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with other sensitization means, CpG ODN+MAGE-3 especially exhibited obvious inhibitive effect on tumor growth on Day 11, and significantly promoted the proliferation of splenic monocytes of tumor bearing mice (P<0.01); moreover, Bcl-2 expression in xenograft tissues significantly decreased（P<0.01）while Bax expression significantly increased（P<0.05 or P<0.01）on Day 3 after treatment. Conclusion: CpG ODN can promote the inhibitory effect of MAGE-3 sensitized DC on bladder cancer BIU-87 cells, which will provide experimental basis for clinical application of DC vaccine in bladder cancer treatment.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of prophylactic irradiation of internal mammary lymph nodes in patients with breast cancer in this Meta-analysis.Methods:CNKI, Wanfang Medical network, CBM, PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched by computer. The controlled clinical studies comparing whether or not internal mammary lymph node irradiation as an intervention were included and the quality of the included literature was evaluated according to Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). RevMan 5.3 software and Stata 14 software were used for Meta-analysis.Results:A total of 11 original articles were included, and 13 181 patients were included for Meta-analysis. There was no statistically significant difference in the overall survival (OS) between patients with and without internal mammary lymph node irradiation ( P=0.490). The subgroup analysis using the date of treatment and the degree of risk in the enrolled population as criteria showed that 5-year OS was significantly increased after internal mammary area irradiation in high-risk stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ patients (N+ , T 3-T 4 stage) with the date of treatment of after 2000( P=0.003, 0.006). Compared with patients without internal mammary area irradiation, internal mammary irradiation significantly increased the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS)( P<0.001). Conclusion:Under the modern radiotherapy technology, internal mammary lymph node irradiation improves the DFS of patients, and may bring OS benefits to high-risk stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ breast cancer patients (N+ , T 3-T 4 stage).

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the association between BRAF(V) 600E mutation and pathological features in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

METHODSThe raleted studies were searched through Medline, PubMed, and Web of Science, and meta-analysis was used to calculate the OR and 95%CI of the study results.

RESULTSA total of 52 studies including 12 029 PTC patients was identified. The prevalence of BRAF(V) 600E mutation in PTC was 57.85%. There was a closed association between the BRAF(V) 600E mutation and pathological features, including advanced TNM stage (OR = 1.89, 95%CI 1.58-2.27), lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.74, 95%CI 1.42-2.14), multifocality (OR = 1.25, 95%CI 1.07-1.46), and recurrence (OR = 2.26, 95%CI 1.25-4.09) of PTC. For Asians with PTC, the association between the BRAF(V) 600E mutation and pathological features was indicated for advanced TNM stage (OR = 1.56, 95%CI 1.24-1.96) and lymph node metastasis (OR = 1.57, 95%CI 1.25-1.99). For Europeans with PTC, the association between the BRAF(V) 600E mutation and pathological features was indicated for advanced TNM stage (OR = 2.63, 95%CI 2.10-3.30), lymph node metastasis(OR = 1.97, 95%CI 1.19-3.25), and multifocality (OR = 1.35, 95%CI 1.01-1.80).

CONCLUSIONThere were associations between the BRAF(V) 600E utation and advanced TNM stage, lymph node metastasis, multifocality, and recurrence of PTC.

Carcinoma ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Papillary ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf ; genetics ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology