Objective To investigate the effects of early core muscles and manual respiratory function training on stroke patients with dysphagia. Methods From June, 2015 to January, 2016, 60 stroke patients with dysphagia were divided equally into control group and obser-vation group randomly. Both groups accepted routine swallowing function training, electrical stimulation and respiratory function training, while the observation group accepted core muscles training and manual respiratory function training, for four weeks. They were evaluated with Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA), forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum ventilatory volume (MVV) and the maximum ex-piratory time before and after treatment. Results All the indices improved in both groups after treatment (P<0.001), and improved more in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion Core muscles and manual respiratory function training at early stage can obviously improve swallowing and respiratory function of stroke patients with dysphagia.

Objective To evaluate the effect of injection duration on bruising and pain after the subcutaneous injection of heparin.Methods The relevant randomized controlled trials,quasi-randomized controlled trials about subcutaneous heparin injection duration of ≥30 s and ≤ 10 s were searched in the databases of CNKI,CBM,VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals,PubMed,Highwire,ScienceDirect,Chinese Cochrane Library,Wanfang database and Google.The quality of RCTs was assessed and Metaanalysis was conducted by RevMan 5.0 Software.Results Twelve RCTs involving 1 986 injections were included.The results of Meta-analysis showed that:There was significant difference between the two groups in the occurrence of bruising.The injection duration of 30 s was much better to prevent bruising.Statistical differences existed in pain intensity between the two groups.Conclusions Prolonging the injection duration to 30 s may reduce the occurrence of subcutaneous bruising.There is no enough evidence to draw a conclusion on pain intensity.Adequately,the current study is limited to a small sample,powered and high quality randomized controlled trials are still needed to be conducted.

Objective:To study the effect of Mg 2+ on glutamate and energy metabolites during focal cerebral ischemia and reperfusion in rats. Methods: Twelve male Wistar rats were divided into 2 groups(n=6):magnesium sulfate(100 mg/kg, i.p.) group and saline group.Cerebral ischemia was produced by occlusion of middle cerebral artery with a nylon thread for 60 min and followed by 60 min reperfusion.Microdialysis probes were stereotaxically implanted into the cortex; dialysates were collected every 15 min to determine the concentrations of glucose, lactic acid and glutamate. Results: There was a dynamic decrease of glucose and an increase of lactic acid and glutamate during ischemia and reperfusion in saline group.Glucose decreased slightly in magnesium sulfate group during ischemia and recovered to normal rapidly during reperfusion. The lactic acid levels in magnesium sulfate group were lower than that in saline group during early stage of ischemia(0-15 min) and reperfusion.There were significant attenuation in the elevation of glutamate during ischemia and reperfusion when magnesium sulfate was administered and recovered to normal after 30 min of reperfusion. Conclusion: The preservation of cellular energy metabolism,the decrease of lactacidosis and attenuation of glutamate level during ischemia and reperfusion may contribute to the neuroprotective effects of Mg 2+ .

Objective To analyse the mutation of pathogenic gene TSC2 in tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). Methods Using polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism(PCR-SSCP), all the 41 exons of TSC2 gene were analyzed in 4 TSC cases(include 1 suspect case) from one family and 1 sporadic TSC case ,and compared with the kin familial controls and kinless normal controls. Results Missense mutation on exon33 1346S→P (4037T→C) of TSC2 was found in 4 familial cases, and no mutation of TSC2 gene was found in the sporadic case and all the health controls. Conclusion Missense mutation on exon33 (1346S→P,4037T→C)is a new discovery in TSC2 gene of patients with TSC.

Modern medical staff are facing the challenge to survive in competitions and develop through cooperation.Thus it is of great importance for the future medical staff,that is,medical students to cultivate and enhance their teamwork for future demand.Cultivating approaches mainly include creating a collaborative environment,carrying out cooperative scientific research,creating teamwork in the curriculum,and launching community service activities.

Objective To investigate the recombinant human fibronectin (RetroNectin,RN)on prolifera-tion,immunological characteristics and cytotoxicity of cytokine -induced killer cells ( CIK) .Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs)were cultured in vitro by precoating with RetroNectin (R-CIK group),CD3Ab (C-CIK group),RetroNectin combined with CD3Ab(R+C-CIK group)and traditional method(CIK group) were to generate CIK.The changes of growth rate,characterization,cytotoxicity and apoptosis of CIK were deter-mined by cell counting ,LDH assay and flow cytometry respectively .Results R+C-CIK cell showed a higher proliferation rate than other three groups .The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);The percentage of CD3/CD56 double positive cells in R +C-CIK and R-CIK group had a higher proportion than those in C -CIK and CIK group at day12 and day15(P<0.05);Cytotoxicity of CIK towards K562 cells in R+C-CIK group and R-CIK group were significantly higher than that in C -CIK and CIK group ,when effector-to-target ratio was 20∶1 and 40∶1(P<0.05).We also found that the cytotoxicity of CIK towards LOVO cells in R +C-CIK group and R-CIK group were higher than that in C -CIK group and CIK group(P<0.05).Conclusion RetroNectin and Anti-CD3-MAb synergistically promote antitumor efficiency of CIKs by increasing proliferation and cyto-toxicity.

Objective To detect mutations in the OSMR gene in 2 Chinese families with familial primary cutaneous amyloidosis (FPCA),and to analyze their relationship with clinical manifestations.Methods Clinical data were collected from 2 families with FPCA,and genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples.PCR was performed to amplify 18 exons and their flanking sequences of the OSMR gene followed by DNA sequencing in 2 probands and their family members.One hundred healthy individuals served as controls.Results In the first family,a heterozygous mutation (c.2081C ＞ T) in exon 15 of the OSMR gene,which leads to a codon change at amino acid position 694 (p.P694L),was identified in the proband,as well as in the other 4 patients.In the second family,a heterozygous mutation (c.1538G ＞A) in exon 11 of the OSMR gene,which causes a codon change at amino acid position 513 (p.G513D),was identified in the other proband and her mother,suggesting the cosegregation of the gene mutation with the disease.None of the above mutations were detected in the healthy family members or controls.Conclusion The heterozygous mutations p.P694L and p.G513D in the OSMR gene may be associated with primary cutaneous amyloidosis.

Objective To understand the trend of drinking-tea type fluorosis in the diseased areas in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,and to evaluate the effect of prevention and control measures.Methods In 2009 and 2012,6 monitored counties were selected in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region; 5 diseased villages were selected in each monitored county,and 10 families were selected in each monitored village; fluorine content of brick tea was tested,and dental fluorosis conditions of all 8 to 12-year-old students and skeletal fluorosis conditions of all 36 to 45-year-old adults were examined.In 2012,in each monitored village,1 water sample of the drinking water source was collected respectively from five positions(east,south,west,north and the central of the village),and fluoride content of drinking water wastested.Results In 2009,the mean of brick tea fluorine content was 541.48 mg/kg in the monitored villages,and the fluoride content ≤ 300 mg/kg accounted for 17.62％.(49/278).In 2012,the mean of brick tea fluorine content was 536.06 mg/kg,and the fluoride content ≤300 mg/kg accounted for 11.00％(33/300).Total exceeding standard rate of the water fluoride content was 40.00％(12/30).In 2009,the detection rate of the children's dental fluorosis was 52.39％ (274/523),very mild,mild,moderate and severe cases accounted for 9.56％(50/523),19.86％(104/523),21.03％(110/523) and 1.91％(10/523),respectively.In 2012,the detection rate of the children's dental fluorosis was 35.71％(200/560),very mild,mild,moderate and severe cases accounted for 14.11％ (79/560),11.43％ (64/560),9.64％ (54/560),and 0.54％ (3/560),respectively.Compared with 2009,the proportion of moderate and severe cases reduced in 2012(W =40 696.0,P ＜ 0.01).In 2009,the detection rate of adult skeletal fluorosis was 23.52％ (167/710),mild,moderate and severe cases accounted for 17.32％(123/710),4.51％(32/710) and 1.69％(12/710),respectively.In 2012,the detection rate of adult skeletal fluorosis was 20.12％ (103/512),mild,moderate and severe cases accounted for 17.38％ (89/512),2.54％ (13/512) and 0.20％ (1/512),respectively.Compared with 2009,the proportion of moderate and severe cases reduced in 2012(W =12 797.5,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The drinking-tea type fluorosis in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region has been controlled to some degree,but still serious in some areas;prevention and control measures need to be further strengthened.

Objective To assess the efficacy of itopride on treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) overlapping constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (C-IBS). Methods Patients who met criteria for FD and FD overlapping C-IBS were randomly assigned into FD treatment group (group A), FD control group (group B), FD overlapping C-IBS treatment group (group C) and FD overlapping C-IBS control group (group D). The patients in group A and group C received 100 mg of itopride 3 times daily for 8 weeks. Dyspeptic symptoms including abdominal pain, bloating, early satiety and constipation, were evaluated before and after treatment. Ultrasonic monitoring of gastric emptying function was performed in group A and group C before and two weeks after treatment.ResultsThe symptoms of FD were relieved in both group A and group C (P<0.05), while better results were shown in group C. The significant improvement of constipation was seen in group A and group C. Besides, after medication, gastric emptying was improved in group A and group C in comparison with group B and group D. Conclusion Itopride is an effective therapeutic option in the treatmentping of patients with overlapping of FD and C-IBS.

Objective To study of percutaneous laser disc decompression(PLDD)in the patients of lumbar disc herniations.Methods 66 patients were treated with PLDD.The mean age of the 48 male and 18 female patients was 39.3 years old.Results 58 patients of all,or 87.9% showed excellent or good result.15 patients(78.9%)showed excellent and 2 patients(10.5%) were good,2 patients(10.6%) were fair or poor under 30 year old.15 patients(44.1%)showed excellent and 17(50.5%)patients were good,2(5.9%)patients were fair in 31~50 years old.2(15.4%) patients showed excellent and 7(53.8%)patients were good,4(29.8%)patients were fair or poor over 51 years old.Conclusion PLDD is safe and convenient method of treating lumbar disc herniations.