Taking Liaoning Medical University as an example , the paper introduces the Problem -based learning ( PBL) teaching mode into the teaching of the medical information retrieval course for graduate students .It introduces the overall design and arrangement of PBL teaching and the implementation process of teaching .By questionnaire surveys , analysis of individual retrieval reports and assess-ment of PBL teaching effects , it points out existing problems and proposes several measures for optimizing PBL teaching .

Objective To develop a method for nou-invasive risk model that can be used in health management system and primary healthcare centers. Methods Based on systematic phenotype measurement and modified superviser-based machine learning, an applicable and low-cost method for non-invasive disease risk prediction model was developed. Invasive risk assessment model for Chinese isehemic cardiovascular diseases (ICVD) was used as a supervised standard reference to provide evidence based non-invasive model with skin resistance on 24 acupeints. Results A total of 4606 cases from a physical examination system were collected to develop the model. For those reasonable evaluation indeies, the coincidence of non-invasive with invasive risk prediction model was > 90% on average level. Conclusions This method could be used to develop non-invasive risk assessment model for the common diseases.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the ultraviolet visible spectrophotometry(UV-VIS)for the determination of Fe content in iron dextran preparations.METHODS:Under the acidic condition,Fe~(3+)was dissociated from iron dextran solution by heating,then Fe~(3+)was deoxidized into Fe~(2+)by hydroxylamine hydrochloride,and red Fe~(2+)-orthophenanthroline complex was formed through combination with o-phenanthroline.The content of the Fe~(2+)-orthophenanthroline complex was determined by UV-VIS at a wavelength of 510 nm.RESULTS:The linear range of Fe~(2+)was 0.5～4.0?g?mL~(-1)(r=0.999 9). The average recoveries of two preparations(tablets and injection)of iron dextran were 99.8%(RSD=0.52%)and 99.7% (RSD=0.44%),respectively.CONCLUSION:The UV-VIS method is simple,accurate in results and applicable for the determination of iron dextran preparations.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibitory effect of lead acetate on transient receptor potential A1(TRPA1)channel. METHODS TRPA1-mediated calcium influx in mice dorsal root ganglion(DRG) neurons and HEK293 cells expressing nouse TRP1 (mTRPA1) and human TRPA1 (hTRPA1) was recorded by intracellular calcium imaging. TRPA1-mediated currents were detected by two-electrode voltage clamp. RESULTS Lead acetate 3.0 and 10.0μmol·L-1 inhibited external calcium influx in DRG neurons by(36.7 ± 4.1)% and(79.4 ± 3.1)%(n=5),respectively. The inhibitory effect of lead acetate on hTRPA1-mediated current was concentration-dependent. Lead acetate 0.3, 1.0, 3.0, 10.0 and 30.0μmol · L-1 inhibited the amplitudes of currents by(1.0 ± 0.7)%,(11.6 ± 0.8)%,(57.7 ± 3.2)%,(93.6 ± 2.6)%and(91.2±2.0)%(n≥4),respectively,with the IC50 2.4μmol·L-1. CONCLUSION TRPA1 channel may be an endogenous target of lead. Lead acetate inhibits TRPA1 channel at a very low concentration.

Beginning with the principle of justice, this article analyzed the reasons of medical disputes due to the lack of the principle of justice from four aspects including patients, social media, medical institutions, and medical staff. Corresponding countermeasures were put forward based on the causes of the disputes: fostering cor-rect consciousness of medical treatment, persisting on objective propaganda and creating a favorable environment, strengthening the construction of medical ethics and increasing health investment, strengthening the professional competency education for medical staff, and setting up medical dispute mediation organizations dominated by the third party.

The effects of zymosan-activated plasma(ZAP) on the lipid peroxides(LPO) content, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) in lung lymph and their relationship to lung injury were studied in control (with normal leukocyte count) and leukopenic goats. In the control goats, after ZAP infusion, LPO production elevated, that was coincided with the increase of lung lymph flow (QL), and the clearence rate of lung lymph protein (LLPC). SOD activity was also elevated, but GSHpx activity was inhibited. In leukopenic goats, ZAP challenge caused an increase in LPO production, but its content was lower than that in control goats. No marked change was observed in QL and LLPC. The results suggest that: (1) Leukocytes and oxygen free radicals are involved in the pathogenesis of lung injury due to ZAP infusion; (2) Leukocytes play an important role in producing oxygen free radicals.

Objective To explore the efficacy and side effect of CAG (G-CSF, aclarubicin and cytarabine) priming chemotherapy for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Methods 54 patients with AML at diagnosis and relapse or MDS were'enrolled for the initial treatment with CAG regimen. Patients who have achieved complete remission (CR) were treated with various regimens. Results The total effective rate was 72.2 %, complete remission rate was 48.1% and partial remission rate was 24.1%. The incidence of granulocyte deficiency was 40.7 %(22/54). The severe infection rate was 24.1%(13/54). One case died of function damage in liver. The study includes 36 patients below 60 years, 18 patients above 60 years, and overall effective cases are 28 (77.8 %), 11 (61.1%),respectively. There was significant difference (P ＜0.05). Conclusion CAG regimen is effective and well tolerated in remission for AML and MDS-RAEB.

Objective:To observe the efficacy of acupuncture plus tuina therapy for insomnia.
Methods:Totally 100 eligible patients were randomized into a treatment group (n=51) and a control group (n=49) by using the random number table. The treatment group was intervened by acupuncture at Baihui (GV 20), Fengchi (GB 20), Wangu (GB 12), Shenting (GV 24), Anmian [Extra, locates at the midpoint between Yiming (EX-HN 14) and Fengchi (GB 20)], and Neiguan (PC 6) plus tuina treatment; the control group was intervened by acupuncture alone. For both groups, the treatment was given once a day, 10 sessions as a treatment course, and the efficacies were evaluated and compared after 3 treatment courses.
Results:Of the 51 subjects in the treatment group, 46 cases completed 3 treatment courses, and 17 cases were cured, 18 cases showed marked efficacy, 7 cases were improved, 4 cases had invalid result, and the total effective rate was 91.3%. Of the 49 subjects in the control group, 46 cases completed 3 treatment courses, and 8 cases were cured, 12 cases showed marked efficacy, 14 cases were improved, 12 cases had invalid result, and the total effective rate was 73.9%. The total effective rate of the treatment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).
Conclusion:Acupuncture plus tuina can calm the mind and activate meridian qi in treating insomnia, and it can produce a more significant efficacy than pure acupuncture treatment.

Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of dexmedetomidine on myocardial injury (in perioperative peri‐od) on cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in patients with rheumatic heart valve replacement surgery .Methods Patients undertook rheumatic heart valve replacement surgery with mitral stenosis were divided into three groups (n=20) in randomized and double‐blind method :control group (group C) ,dexmedetomidine 0 .3 μg/kg group (DEX1 group) ,dexmedetomidine 0 .6 μg/kg group (DEX2 group) .Central venous blood was drawn respectively before anesthesia induction (T0 ) ,2h after CPB (T1 ) ,24 h after CPB (T2 ) ,48 h after CPB (T3 ) ,72 h after CPB (T4 ) .Plasma muscle calcium protein I (cTnI) and creatine kinase (CreatineKinase MB , CK‐MB) were measured and mean arterial pressure and heart rate were recorded at each time point .Furthermore ,extubation time , ICU stay ,postoperative inotropic score 24 h after operation ,drainage 24 h after operation ,cardio auto‐resuscitation rates and ad‐verse cardiovascular events were recorded .Results Compared with T0 ,HR was significantly lower in the T1 time point in DEX2 group .Compared with group C ,HR ,plasma CK‐MB ,inotropic score 24 h after operation and cardiovascular adverse events was sig‐nificantly reduced in the T1 time points in DEX1 group (P<0 .05) ,but the heart auto‐resuscitation rate did not significantly im‐proved .HR at T1 ,plasma CK‐MB values at T1 and T2 ,and plasma cTnI values at T2 -T4 were significantly reduced ;the heart re‐suscitation significantly increased ,myocardial contraction power ratings 24 h after operation and the incidence of cardiovascular e‐vents was significantly lower in DEX2 group (P<0 .05) .The extubation time ,ICU stay time and drainage 24 h after operation did not change significantly in both groups .Conclusion Dexmedetomidine has a protective effect on perioperative myocardial injury in patients with rheumatic heart valve replacement surgery ,and the effect would be better when the dexmedetomidine was infused at 0 .6 μg · kg -1 · h-1 after a loading dose of 0 .6 μg/Kg continuously .

Objective To investigate the characteristic changes of auditory brainstem response (ABR) of nor‐mal hearing infants .Methods A total of 212 cases (327 ears) normal hearing infants were enrolled for ABR test . According to age ,167 ears was in 1~3 months age group ,105 ears was in 3~6 months age group ,55 ears was in 6~12 months age group .Each group consisted of ABR date were statistically analyzed .Results For 75 dB nHL click sound stimulus ,the peak latency and interpeak latency of Ⅲ ,Ⅴ ,Ⅰ — Ⅲ ,Ⅲ — Ⅴ ,Ⅰ — Ⅴwaves of normal hearing infants progressively shortened as they grew older except the wave Ⅰ .The ABR thresholds were in significantly difference among the groups .The amplitude ratio of wave V/I increased with the grewing age .Each group of data showed statistically significant differences .When the stimulus intensity reached at thresholds ,the occurrence rate of wave I ,III and V were different as they grew older .Conclusion Infants with auditory nervous system was in con‐stant development and improvement ,all parts of the auditory pathway of neural development was not balanced .