A new way is proposed to design control panels of precise titration in infusion.Based on the basic principles of hydrodynamics,this method implements the control of medicine flow by adjusting the tube size.With high precision and low cost,it is beneficial to practical requirements in chinical application.

Objective To investigate the role of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) in the positioning of ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (PLMA). Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients undergoing general anesthesia using PLMA were randomly divided into two groups with 30 cases each: inserted PLMA group (group A)and FOB positioning group (group B). After the routine intravenous anesthesia induction,the PLMA inflated to an intracapsular pressure of 50 cm H2O (1 cm H2O =0.098 kPa) with the positive airway pressure by the anesthesia apparatus, the airway seal pressure, airway peak voltage of intermittent positive pressure ventilation and tidal volume were evaluated. Results Patients from two groups achieved adequate lung ventilation (SpO2 ＞0.97,PETCO2 was normal), the operations were all smooth. There were 5 cases adjusted the position two times,and 1 case adjusted 3 times. Patients in group B were all PLMA insertion under FOB and airway seal pressure was higher,but airway peak voltage was lower than in group A (P＜0.05). Conclusion FOB elevates accurate allocation of PLMA,enhances the isolated function from the surrounding tissue of glottis, improves the lung ventilation, and increases the safety of PLMA.

AIM: To study the altion of aminophylline or doxapram attenuate somnolence induced by postoperative intravenous analgesia with butorphanol.METHODS: One hundred and five adult patients were randomly divided into three groups under epidural blockade.0.01% butorphanol and 0.25% aminophylline analgesia-pump(groupⅠ,n=35),0.01% butorphanol and 0.15% doxapram analgesia-pump(groupⅡ,n=35),and 0.01% butorphanol analgesia-pump(group Ⅲ,n=35).Lethargy and analgesia effect were compared.RESULTS: The analgesia effects were satisfactory in the three groups after operation.conscious-sedation score(OAA/S)(at 8-24 h after operation)in groupⅢ was higher than those in groupⅠand Ⅱ(P

Objective To investigate the clinical features of cerebral infarction complicated with diabetes mellitus (DCI) compared withthose without diabetes mellitus (NCI). Methods 80 DCI and 86 NCI hospitalized patients were reviewed with their serumal glucose, lipid,uric acid, hemorheology and carotid ultrasound. Results The total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and uric acid were significantly higherin DCI group than in NCI group (P<0.05), while high density lipoprotein was significantly lower (P<0.05). There were significant differencesbetween these two groups in Hemorheological indicators except hematokrit (P<0.01). The carotid intima media thickness (IMT) wassignificantly higher in the DCI group than in the NCI group (P<0.05). Conclusion DCI patients suffered in more serious lipid, uric acid,hemorheological disorder, and IMT compared with NCI.

To introduce the methods and experience of arthroscopy treating different types of sports traumatic ankle arthritis.Methods The study involved 25 patents with spots traumatic ankle arthritis treated under ankle arthroscopy from January 2008 to October 2010.American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scoring system was applied to make functional evaluation before and after operation.Also,anterior drawer stress radiographs were used to assess the stability of joint.All patients had arthroscopic examination and received corresponding treatments,including synovial scar tissue resection,cartilage surface trimming,and microfracture management.Five patients underwent stage Ⅰ extramalleolus ligament repair.Results Arthroscopy showed simple synovitis in four patients,impingement syndrome developed from synovitis with fibrous scar tissue formation in 10,tibial or talus cartilage lesions in 11 and congestion of fresh injury of fibular end in four.A total of 23 cases were followed up for average 13.5 months (range,6-24 months).The ankle-hindfoot score was increased from preoperative (54.3 ± 6.2) points to (81.5 ± 7.9) points at 1 month,(82.9 ± 2.5) points at 3 months,( 83.1 + 2.1 ) points at 6 months and ( 83.5 ± 3.9 ) points at 12 months,with statistical differences ( t =13.01,20.58,21.10,19.11 respectively,P＜0.05).The anterior drawer stress radiographs showed that the anterior translation of talus improved from preoperative ( 15.2 ± 2.5 ) mm to postoperative (3.5 ± 0.2 ) mm,with statistical difference ( t =9.33,P ＜ 0.05 ).The anterior drawer test and talus tilt test were both negative for all patients.Concluslons Ankle arthroscopy is characterized by micro trauma and fast recovery.Symptomatic treatment under arthroscopy can obviously relieve the uncomfortable symptoms following sports traumatic ankle arthritis.

1H NMR-based metabolomic approach combined with multivariate statistical analysis was used to evaluate the quality of 21 Farfarae Flos (FF) samples from different growth regions. Principal component analysis showed that wild and cultivated FF could be separated clearly, suggesting a big chemical difference existed between them. Supervised PLS-DA analysis indicated that the wild samples showed higher levels of secondary metabolites, such as bauer-7-ene-3β, 16α-diol, chlorogenic acid, rutin, 7-(3'-ethylcrotonoyloxy)-1α-(2'-methyl-butyryloxy)-3, 14-dehydro-Z-notonipetranone (EMDNT), tussilagone, β-sitosterol and sitosterone. This is consistent with traditional experience that the quality of wild samples are better than that of cultivated ones. The content of pyrrolizidine alkaloids senkirkine also differed greatly among samples from different habitats. The Pearson correlation analysis showed that senkirkine is positively correlated with 4, 5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, 3,4-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid, rutin, kampferol analogues, to a statistically significant extent. The correlation between the toxic compounds and the bioactive components in FF should be further studied.

Objective To investigate the correlation of microperimetric parameters,best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CRT) in diabetic macular edema (DME) eyes.Methods It is a prospective,no controlled,open study.Twenty-four consecutive patients (40 eyes) with DME were included.There were 10 males (18 eyes),14 females (22 eyes);aged from 41 to 79 years,with the mean age of (56.84±8.96) years.All the patients were type 2 diabetes,the average duration of diabetes was 8 years.BCVA was evaluated using the international Snellen E vision test chart,and then recorded as logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution (logMAR).CRT was measured by Cirrus HD-OCT4000.MAIA microperimetric parameters were evaluated,including average threshold (AT) of retinal sensitivity,macular integrity index (MI),fixating points within a circle of 1° (P1) and 2° of radius (P2),bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA) considering 63％ and 95％ of fixating points (A63,A95),and horizontal and vertical axes of that ellipse (H63,H95,V63,V95).Pearson correlation analysis was performed to evaluate the association between these variables.The independent factor influenced the type of fixation was analyzed by multiple linear regression analysis.Results Strong correlations of logMAR BCVA with CRT (r=0.58,P=0.000),V63 (r=0.44,P=0.004),V95 (r=0.41,P=0.008),MI (r=0.36,P=0.024),AT (r=-0.61,P=0.000),P1 (r=-0.41,P=0.009),P2 (r=-0.38,P=0.015) were found.AT was correlations with P1 (r=0.53,P=0.000),P2 (r=0.51,P=0.001),A63 (r=-0.39,P=0.012),A95 (r=-0.40,P=0.012),V63 (r=-0.53,P=0.000),V95 (r=-0.46,P=0.003),MI (r=-0.50,P=0.001).There was no correlation between AT and CRT (r=-0.21,P=0.190).Forty eyes were included in this study,8 eyes (20％) had stable fixation,14 eyes (35％) had relatively unstable fixation,18 eyes (45％)had unstable fixation.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that fixation classification was independently affected by P 1.Conclusions In DME eyes,logMAR BCVA was positively correlated with CRT,negatively correlated with AT,P1 and P2.There is no correlation between AT and CRT.The fixation classification was independently affected by P 1.

Background Researches determined that ELOVL4 gene is a disease-causing gene of Stargard tmacular dystrophy and is a elongation enzyme of very long chain fatty acids.Stargardt type Ⅲ(STGD3) may be associated with the metabolism of extensive enzyme of very long chain fatty acids.To explore the effect of ELOVL4 in STGD3 and its relationship with the metabolism of extensive enzyme of very long chain fatty acids is of important clinical significance.Objective This study was to determine the role of ELOVL4 gene for the pathogenesis of STGD3.Methods Recombinant adenovirus type 5 carrying mouse ELOVL4 gene and green fluorescent protein (GFP) was transfected into pheochromocytoma cells (PC12 cells),and then the cells were divided into PC12 group,PC12+Ad5-GFP group and PC12+AdS-ELOVL4 group.Ad-GFP or Ad-ELOVL4 was added into the culture medium for 24 hours with the virus plasmid 1 × 104-2× 104 pfu/ml.Expression of ELOVL4 mRNA in the PC12 was quantified by quantitative real time PCR(qRT-PCR) and was described as relative value to the expression of RPL19.ELOVL4 protein was assayed by Western blot.The transfected cells were treated with arachidonic acid (AA,20:4n6),eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA,20:5n3) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA,22:6n3) individually for 48 hours.The cells were collected,and total lipids were extracted,and fatty acid methyl esters were prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).Results The relative expression levels of ELOVL4 mRNA in PC12 cells in the PC12+Ad5-ELOVL4 group,PC12+Ad5-GFP group and PC12 group were 0.833± O.138,0.027t±0.002 and 0.024 ±0.002,with a significant difference among the 3 groups (F =102.700,P =0.000),and relative expression levels of PC12+Ad-ELOVL4 were 30-40 folds more than those in the PC12 group and the PC12+Ad-GFP group.Western blot assay showed a stronger response band for ELOVL4 protein in the PC12+Ad-ELOVL4 group.GC-MS found that abundant polyunsaturated fatty acids (C28-C38) were synthesized by PC12 cells in the PC12+Ad-ELOVL4 group,with the more levels in C34 and C36.Conclusions ELOVL4 can promote the synthesis of C28-C38 polyunsatured fatty acid in PC12 cells,which offers a novel clue for the treatment of STGD3.

Background Corneal refractive surgery has significant effects on corneal biomechanical properties.However,there are few study on large scale population with corneal biomechanical properties in the myopic population before corneal refractive surgery.Objective This study was to evaluate the change of corneal biomechanical properties and influence factors in myopic eyes using ocular response analyzer (ORA).Methods A prospective cohort study was carried out in Beijing Tongren Eye Center from April 2010 to January 2011.Corneal hysteresis (CH) and corneal resistance factor (CRF) were detected using ORA in 1 792 eyes of 896 myopic subjects who were going to receive corneal refractive surgery under the informed consent.According to different spherical equivalent (SE) the eyes were grouped into-0.25-＜-3.0 D group,-3.0-＜-6.0 D group,-6.0-＜-9.0 D group,-9.0-＜-12.0 D group,-12.0-＜-15.0 D group and ≥-15.0 D group and according to different central corneal thickness (CCT),the eyes were grouped into ＜500 μm group,500-＜550 μm group,550-＜600 μm group and≥600 μm group.The CH value and CRF value in different SE groups or different CCT groups were compared,and the factors influencing CH and CRF were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Results The mean CH and CRF value were (9.84±1.52)mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) and (10.46±1.71) mmHg,respectively in the myopic eyes.The CH values were (10.35±1.53),(10.07±1.55),(9.81±1.46),(9.71±1.59),(9.35±1.55) and (9.23±1.28) mmHg in the-0.25-＜-3.0 D group,-3.0-＜-6.0 D group,-6.0-＜-9.0 D group,-9.0-＜-12.0 D group,-12.0-＜-15.0 D group and ≥-15.0 D group,respectively,showing a significant difference among the groups (F=20.69,P＜0.01),and the CH values in the-6.0-＜-9.0 D group,-9.0-＜-12.0 D group,-12.0-＜-15.0 D group and ≥-15.0 D group were significantly lower than those in the-6.0-＜-9.0 D group,-9.0-＜-12.0 D group (all at P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in the CRF values among different SE groups (F =0.65,P =0.49).CH and CRF values were increasing with the raise of CCT,with evidently differences among the CCT＜500 μm group,500 μm ≤ CCT＜550 μm group,550 μm≤ CCT＜600 μm group and CCT≥ 600 μm group (CH:F=110.99,P＜0.01;CRF:F =84.35,P＜0.01),and the CH and CRF values were significantly higher in the 550 μm ≤ CCT＜600 μm group and CCT ≥600 μm group than those in the CCT＜500 μm group (all at P＜0.01).CH showed a positive correlation with SE (r =0.24,P＜0.01),and no significant correlation between CRF and SE (r =0.03,P =0.20).The CH and CRF showed the positive correlations with the CCT (r=0.42,0.57,both at P＜0.01).In addition,CH and CRF values increased as the increases of SE,corneal curvature (CC) and CCT values,with the regression equation of CH =-7.87+0.08SE+0.16CC+0.02CCT (R2=0.26,P＜0.01) and CRF=-11.42+0.14CC+0.03CCT (R2=0.34,P＜0.01),respectively.The CH and CRF did not change with the age and gender in the subjects.Conclusions Corneal biomechanical properties including CH and CRF were positively correlated with CCT,CC and SE.

Objective To evaluate the effects of community rehabilitation care. Methods A 3-year community-based rehabilitation care services in Desheng Community Health Service Center were investigated with questionnaire. Results Those of the knowledge of rehabilitation awareness, keeping in a psychological well being, communicating with others, participating in rehabilitation and other community activities, independent in household activities, the activities of daily living, all improved significantly during the project. Conclusion Community-based rehabilitation care plays a important role in community-based comprehensive rehabilitation services, which may improve the quality of life of people with disabilities and chronic dysfunction.