Objective:To study the expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme(ACE),extracellular signal-regulated kinase(ERK),and the changes of atrial fibrosis in patients with rheumatic heart disease(RHD) and atrial fibrillation(AF) treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor(ACEI).Methods:Atrial tissues were obtained from the right appendage during open surgery in 35 patients with RHD.The mRNA of ACE and ERK2 were semi-qualified by reverse transcription-ploymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and normalized to the glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase(GAPDH).Western blotting analysis was employed to examine the expressions of ACE and phosphorylated ERK(pERK).Atrial collagen volume fraction(CVF) was detected by Masson's stain.Results:The mRNA of ACE and ERK2 or the protein of ACE and pERK were significantly increased,and CVF was significantly increased in patients with chronic atrial fibrillation(CAF) compared with sinus rhythm group(SR)( P 0.05).Conclusion:The expressions of ACE,ERK2 and pERK increase,and fibrosis is more severe in RHD patients with CAF as compared with those with SR.Compared with CAF patients treated without ACEI,the expressions of ERK2 and pERK significantly decrease( P 0.05)in CAF patients treated with ACEI.This suggests that the increasing expression of ERK2 and pERK resulting from local renal angiotensin-converting enzyme system activation mediates the development of atrial fibrosis,and ACEI may contribute to lesser atrial fibrosis in RHD patients with AF.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive disorder characterized by abnormally elevated blood pressure of the pulmonary circulation. PH progresses rapidly to right ventricular (RV) failure and even death without treatment. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is an accurate and reproducible tool for the assessment of RV morphology and function, which plays an important role in the prognosis of patients with PH. The aim of this study is to review the clinical application and research progress of CMR in evaluation of PH.

According to the sera aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4), neuromyelitis optica (NMO) can be classified into two types as AQP4 antibody positive (AQP4+) and negative (AQP4-). However, the NMO patients with AQP4- are prone to delayed treatment, and may have a different pathogenesis compared to that in patients with AQP4+. Scientific researches and the clinical trials on NMO with AQP4- will deepen the understanding of NMO pathogenesis and help to make an early accurate diagnosis and rational therapy for NMO with AQP4-. This review aims to summarize the progress in clinic diagnosis for NMO patients with AQP4-.

Acupuncture scientization was a consensus of most of acupuncture scholars who had long-term perspectives in the 20th century, among them Ms. ZHULian was the important one. Ms. ZHU Lian built a systemic new acupuncture" academic structure in practice and theory aspects. At the same time, as the main architect of Institute of Acupuncture-moxibustion of China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ms. ZHU Lian was the first one who began to carry out the acupuncture clinical trail and laboratory experiment in modern way, which meant "acupuncture therapy" was transformed into "acupuncture science" by Ms. ZHULian's endeavor.
Acupuncture ; education ; history ; standards ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; standards ; China ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Science ; history

The acupuncture medical literature during the Republic of China is divided into four categories, including theoretical literature, acupuncture channels and acupoints drawing literature, translations, and teaching materials and medical cases. It is found that the theoretical literature focuses on inheriting the traditional theories as well as combining traditional Chinese and Western medicine. The drawings are becoming more and more precise, and in these drawing works anatomy begins to appear at that time. Translations are the achievements of communication between TCM and Western medicine, which promote the scientization of acupuncture greatly. Teaching materials are also influenced by Western medicine, presenting a rough frame of modern acupuncture disciplinary system. As important clinic data, medical cases have great clinical value. Overall, acupuncture medical literature during the Republic of China is widely published, which is influenced greatly by the Western medicine and presents a significant tendency of scientization.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; Books ; history ; China ; History, 20th Century ; Humans ; Translations

ObjectiveTo explore the possible mechanism that Gadd45a and Egr-1together participate in the DNA damage repair,by analyzing the influence of hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) on the rnRNA and protein expression of hepatic cell cycle-related genes.Method Methods Forty-two SD rats were divided into normal control group,ischemia 30 min group and reperfusion 30 min,1h,2 h,3 h and 24 h groups.The hepatic specimens of rats at the corresponding time points after success of modeling were obtained. Chip experiment was used to screen out the key genes Gadd45a,Egr-1and GAPDH for target genes.We used Northern blot and RT-PCR to confirm the chip's results. The expression of related proteins was detected by using immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry.Results Northern blot detection results showed that the RT-PCR products and the target genes for testing were concordant.The expression spectral chip signal and RT-PCR detection revealed that the expression of target genes had a 4-fold increase at early reperfusion period (1h) (up-regulation of Egr-1,Gadd45a and HSP70-1a by 9.39,8.28 and10.8 respectively.At the later stage of reperfusion (24 h),the expression of Egr-1,Gadd45a and Hspala was reduced to the normal levels, and the chip screening results were consistent with the RT-PCR test results.Fluorescence immunohistochemistry demonstrated that in the reperfusion1h and 2 h groups,the expression of Egr-1in nuclei of liver cells was positive. Immunohistochemistry indicated that the Gadd45 expression in the nucleus and cytoplasm was gradually increased with increasing reperfusion time.ConclusionGadd45a and Egr-1are the key genes of the nuclear factor (NF)-kB regulatory pathways,and involved in the regulation of cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and repair of damaged DNA in rat hepatic IRI.

Rho/Rho-kinase signaling pathway is a ubiquitous one in eukaryotic cells and plays a part in various biologic behaviors.Studies showed that it was expressed in pancreatic acinar,ductal and endocrine cells,as well as related to the pancreatic endocrine and exocrine functions.Moreover,the evidence showed that there was a close relationship the pathway and pancreatic cancer,pancreatitis,diabetes mellitus.

In recent years,some aspects of the standardized resection of colon cancer,metastases,recurrent tumor therapy and laparoscopic applications have new concepts.In particular,the view of complete mesocolic excision(CME) is more scientific and effective from the level of embryonic development and anatomy,which lays the foundation for controlling the quality of colon surgery.

In recent years,the incidence and mortality of advanced lung cancer in elderly patients have been increasing,but the number of elderly patients with lung cancer who receive active treatment is less than that of lung caner patients in other age stage.Molecular targeted therapies,such as the human epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors,angiogenesis inhibitors,anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies and multitarget drugs,have prolonged the overall survival and improved the life quality of elderly patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Targeted therapy has become the most promising treatment and can significantly improve the prognosis of elderly patients.

Objective To investigate the effects of colloid preconditioning on hemodynamics of patients with laparoscopic colon surgery during pneumoperitoneum period.Methods Fifty patients withlaparoscopic colon surgery were divided into control group(group A,25 cases)and colloid preconditioning group(group B,25 cases)by random digits table.The mean arterial pressure(MAP),heart rate(HR),central venous pressure(CVP),cardiac index(CI),systemic vascular resistance index(SVRI),hemoglobin(Hb)and haematocrit(Hct)were recorded before anesthesia(T0),5 min after anesthesia(T1),5 min after pneumoperitoneum(T2),10 min after pneumoperitoneum(T3),15 min after pneumoperitoneum(T4)and 5min after pneumoperitoneum completely(T5).Results MAP in group A at T1-3[(68.7±5.3),(72.5±4.8),(73.1±6.3)mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)]was significantly lower than that at T0[(81.7±6.1)mm Hg](P＜0.05).MAP in group B at T3,4[(93.2±5.8),(87.6±4.2)mm Hg]was significantly higher than that at T0[(80.2±5.6)mm Hg](P＜0.05).At T1,2,MAP in group A was significantly lower than that in group B[(79.8±5.4),(83.2±5.3)mm Hg](P＜0.05).CVP in group A at T2-4[(7.8±2.4),(8.1±2.2),(8.2±2.0)cm H2O(1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa)]was significantly higher than that at T0[(6.5±2.1)cm H2O](P＜0.05).CVP in group B at T1-4[(11.7±3.4),(13.5±3.6),(15.8±3.8),(16.6±3.7)cm H2O]was significantly higher than that at T0[(6.3±2.5)cm H2O](P＜0.05).There was significant differences in CVP at T1-4 between group A[group A at T1:(5.6±2.2)cm H2O]and group B(P＜0.05).CI in group A at T2-4[(2.6±0.2),(2.1±0.1),(2.7±0.3)L/(min·m2)]was significandy lower than that at T0[(3.5±0.4)L/(min·m2)](P＜0.05).CI in group B at T2-4[(3.1±0.3),(2.9±0.3),(3.0±0.4)L/(min·m2)]was significantly lower than that at T0[(3.6±0.5)L/(min·m2)](P＜0.05).There were significant differences in C I at T2-4 between two groups.SVRI in group A at T2-4[(2853±432),(2918±510),(2718±436)dynes·s/cm5]was significantly higher than that at T0[(2318±236)dynes·s/cm5](P＜0.05).SVRI in group B at T2-4[(2756±391),(2718±402),(2694±382)dynes·s/cm5]was significantly higher than that at T0[(2356±372)dynes·s/cm5](P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in HR between two groups(P＞0.05).Hb and Hct in group B at T1-4[(123.6±11.5),(125.6±9.5),(126.1±10.2),(128.6±11.4)g/L and 0.339±0.037,0.337±0.036,0.322±0.041,0.312±0.040]were significantly lower than that at T0[(134.7±12.2)g/L and 0.371±0.039](P＜0.05).There were significant differences in Hb and Hct at T1-4between group B and group A[(131.8±10.2),(130.7±12.8),(131.6±14.3),(133.5±12.3)g/L and 0.360±0.042,0.359±0.041,0.361±0.040,0.360±0.036](P＜0.05).There was no significant different in Hb and Hct of group A(P＞0.05).Conclusion Colloid preconditioning may effectively maintain the stability of circulation,reduce blood viscosity,and improve microcirculation during the pneumoperitoneum period.