Objective To investingate the effect of 5-Aza2'-deoxycytidine(5-Aza-CdR)on cell growth and to explore the possibility of re-expression of the hypermethylated and silenced RUNX3 gene in hepatocarcinoma cell line HepG2.Methods The change in expression of the tumor suppressor gene RUNX3 mRNA in cultured HepG2 cells was observed by RT-PCR before and after 5-Aza-CdR treatment.Activity of cell growth was observed by MTT assay and colony-forming test.The cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry.Apoptotic morphology was observed by transmitting electron microscopy.Results The gene was reactivated by two different doses of 5-Aza-CdR treatment in HepG2 cell without expressing RUNX3.The hepatocarcinoma cell line treated with 5-Aza-CdR displayed a slowed growth rate in contrast to the control group.The colony formation rate of HepG2 cell treated with 5-Aza-CdR decreased dramatically(P

Toil-like receptors (TLRs) present in the cell membrane and are transmembrane receptors.TLR4 is a key member of the TLRs family involved in inflammatory response and recognizing microbes. Gut barrier mainly include mechanical, immunological, chemical and biological barrier four major sections. Liver transplantation leads to intestinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, then intestinal bacteria and endotoxin translocate into the blood circulation and at the same time, I/R injury stimulates the release of a large number of endogenous molecules. TLR4 is combined with both endotoxin and endogenous ligand and promotes the release of multi-kinds of cytokines and inflammatory mediators, causing a series of inflammatory reactions,and even leading to liver failure.

In recent years,the incidence of colorectal polyps and colorectal carcinoma showed a trend to increase gradually. Statistical analysis demonstrated that 80% of colorectal carcinoma were developed from colorectal adenoma,and adenomatous polyps accounted for 1 / 2-1 / 3 of colorectal polyps. Endoscopy is the golden standard for examining intestinal lesions,yet it is not completely correct and certain missed diagnosis has occurred. Factors causing missed diagnosis of colonoscopy include lesion factors and non-lesion factors. This article reviewed the advances in studies on missed diagnosis of intestinal polyps and related factors in colonoscopic examination.

In recent years,endoscopic technique has become a basic procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary and pancreatic diseases,thus the procedure-related complications of ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST) become prominent day by day. Post-EST bleeding is one of the most serious complications of the procedure,and its first line treatment involves a variety of endoscopic techniques,such as epinephrine or fibrin glue local injection,electric coagulation and heat probe,clamps and covered metal stents. If these are not successful,transcatheter arterial embolization or surgical operation should be considered. In this article,the above-mentioned treatment modalities of post-EST bleeding were reviewed.

BACKGROUND:5-Fluorouracil is a common chemotherapy drug for gastric cancer, but it is more likely to develop drug resistance in clinical treatment. Studies have shown that tumor stem cels are lowly sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs, which may be an important cause of chemotherapy resistance. OBJECTIVE:To analyze the sensitivity of gastric cancer stem cels to 5-fluorouracil in vitro, and to understand the mechanism of drug resistance associated with gastric cancer. METHODS:Based on the sorting strategy, human gastric cancer cel clones were isolated from AGS cel lines. CD44 and thymidylate synthetase expression in different clones was detected using immunocytochemistry analysis. Clone formation assay was used to evaluate self-renewal capacity of different clones. Cel counting kit-8 was used to determine the clonal growth inhibition rate of AGS under treatment with different concentrations of 5-fluorouracil. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The AGS cels that were inoculated with low density and cultured could differentiate into 32 forms, including the ful clone (16%, 5/32), the second clone (66%, 21/32) and the accessory clone (19%, 6/32). Among them, the ful clones highly expressed CD44 and thymidylate synthetase, and could generate a great amount of passage 2 clones after inoculation; the second clones showed a weak expression of CD44 and thymidylate synthetase, and could generate a smal number of passage 2 clones after inoculation; the accessory clones showed a weak or no expression of CD44 and thymidylate synthetase, and there was no passage 2 clone after inoculation. Under the effect of different concentrations of 5-fluorouracil, the growth inhibition rates of the secondary clones and AGS cels were both higher than that of the ful clones (bothP < 0.05). These findings indicate that gastric cancer stem cels have a relatively lower sensitivity to 5-fluorouracilin vitro, which is speculated to be an important mechanism of drug resistance.

The use of electronic medical records in Beijing hospitals was investigated and some feasible suggestions were put forward for the sharing of electronic medical records according to the problems in their use in order to pro-mote medical information sharing in Beijing hospitals.

After the advantages and disadvantages of appointment registration systems in different large hospitals of Beijing were compared, the problems in their appointment registration systems were analyzed and suggestions were put forward for establishing the public appointment registration systems with powerful systematization and compati-bility which are integrated into the EMR system of Beijing.

Objective To investigate the epidemiological trend of human intestinal helminth infections in Yancheng City,Ji?angsu Province from 2006 to 2015,so as to provide the evidence for formulating further control strategies. Methods The sur?veillance data of human intestinal helminth infections were collected and analyzed in Yancheng City from 2006 to 2015. Re?sults From 2006 to 2015,110 746 person?times of residents in Yancheng City were surveyed in Yancheng City,and 1 732 samples were positive of human intestinal helminth infections. The infection rate of human intestinal helminthes was highest in 2006[4.59%(410/8 941)],and lowest in 2013[0.19%(23/12 165)]. The infection rate of human intestinal helminthes was significantly decreased over time(χ2=27.78,P<0.001). The human infection rates of Ascaris lumbricoides,hook worm and Trichuris trichura were all decreased over time(Z=-27.75,-22.23 and-16.17,all P<0.001)from 2006 to 2015,with the re?duction rates of 96.57%,92.31%and 96.47%,respectively. The average EPG of A. lumbricoides,hook worm and T. trichura were 2 534,360 and 154 respectively,and 1 694(97.81%)cases were light infections. Totally 1 174 cases of Enterobius vermic?ularis were found in children under 12 years old,and the cases were decreased over time(χ2 =12.46,P<0.001). Conclu?sions The infection rate of human intestinal helminthes in Yancheng City decreases over time from 2006 to 2015,and the con?trol work is effective. The control work of focus groups and environmental management and health education should be strength?ened in the future.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effects of ritonavir on the pharmacokinetics of sufentanil in rabbits. METHODS:24 rab-bits were randomly divided into 2 groups,with 12 rabbits in each group. Trial group was given ritonavir 10 mg/kg by gavage and then injected sufentanil 2 μg/kg intravenously after 5 min. Control group was given equal volume of normal saline by gavage and then injected sufentanil 2 μg/kg intravenously. Arterial blood samples 0.3 ml were taken before gavage and 0,0.25,0.5,1,2,3, 4,6,8,10,12,14,24 h after intravenous administration. The plasma concentrations of sufentanil were determined by LC-MS/MS,and DAS 2.0 software was adopted to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters. RESULTS:The pharmacokinetic change of sufen-tanil conformed to two-compartment model in 2 groups. The pharmacokinetic parameters of sufentanil in control group vs. trial group were that t1/2 were(22.0±6.59)and(26.4±1.41)h;MRT0-24 h were(8.6±2.08)and(12.1±3.70)h;AUC0-∞ were(16.1± 5.17)and(38.1±12.95)mg·h/L,respectively. There was statistical significance in MRT0-24 h and AUC0-∞ between 2 groups(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Ritonavir can elevate distribution of sufentanil in rabbits,and prolong retention time of sufentanil.

BACKGROUND: Special anatomical location makes eye lens expose to stressful situation in a long term, so it needs persistent protection to resist stress. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) exert self-protective defensive effect under the stress.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes in mRNA expression of HSPs in the lens under the condition of exogenous stress.DESIGN: Repeated measurement, controlled observation trial.SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital Affiliated to Jiamusi University.PARTICIPANTS: Human lens endothelial cells B3 (LEC-B3) were obtained from the Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) kit was purchased from Bao Biotechnology Company, Japan.METHODS: This experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Congenital Malformation, Ministry of Public Health,China Medical University between September 2003 and September 2004. LEC-B3 of the exponential growth was used for the experiment. Thermal or oxidative stress on LEC-B3 cells were produced by 30-minute exposure at 45 ℃ or incubated for 30 minutes in DMEM supplemented with 50 mmol/L H2O2. Some stressful cells were allowed to recuperate after exposure to stress in normal culture medium at 37 ℃ for 0, 2, 4, 6, 16 and 24 hours, separately. The expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 in the LEC-B3 were detected by RT-PCR.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 in LEC-B3.RESULTS: HSPs existed in both physiological and stressful situation. The levels of HSPmRNA were increased 2 hours after both stresses. But the expressions of HSP27 and HSP70 got to the summit at different intervals from 2 hours to 6 hours in each group. Subsequently, they were decreased gradually in each group, but they all could maintain a high level at 16 hours.CONCLUSION: Stressful environment induces the over-expressions of HSP27 mRNA and HSP70 mRNA in LEC-B3. This may play an important protective role in lens epithelial cells in responding to cellular stress.