Combined operation and irradiation therapy has been performed on 22 patients with primary liver cancer in our hospital.All these patients were mal s.Age ranged from 15-49 years old with an average of 44.5. Histological dingnoais were. hepatocellular carcinoma in 21 cases and cholangiocarcinoma in 1 case. Seventeen (77.3%) patients were associated with liver cirrhosis, nineteen(86.4%)patients had positive AFP by counter- immunoelectrophoretic method.Clinically, 6 patients were stage I, 11 patients were stage II and 5 patients were stage III. The operative procedures consisted of liver resection in 17 patients (local resection 5, right hemihepatectomy 5, left lateral lobectomy 2, left hemihepatectomy 2, total right hepatectomy 2,and left medial lobectomy 1)and palliative operation in other 5 patients (hepatic artery ligation or embolization in 4 patients and hepatic artery infusion in 1 patient) .Radiotherapy comprised local or whole-liver irradiation with 60Co.Up to May 1983, 19 patients were followed-up, all of them survived more than 6 months.The 1, 2, 3, 4 year survival rates after treatment were 78.9%, 66.7%, 64.3% and 44.4% respectively with a median survival duration of 36 months.Data showed that the encouraging results of this method which were better than liver resection and radiotherapy or any other cmbined methods at present.

5cm had the highet positive rate, while tumor with diameter

Objective To investigate the influence and clinical effect of assisted three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT ) on obstructive jaundice caused by malignant tumors .Methods 90 cases with obstructive jaundice caused by malignant tumors of liver ,gallbladder and pancreases were randomly divided into observation group and control group ,45 cases in each group . Patients in control group were given comprehensive measures ,including tumors exairesis ,assisted chemotherapy and stereotactic ra-diotherapy ,and patients in observation group were given 3D-CRT based on tumors exairesis and assisted chemotherapy .Clinical effect ,serum bilirubin were observed 2 months after treatment ,adverse reactions were recorded during the treatment ,and survival rate in 2-year follow up in two groups were observed .Results Total effective rate in observation group and control group were 75 .56% and 57 .78% (P<0 .05) ,respectively ,and adverse reactions rate were 37 .78% and 57 .78% (P<0 .05) ,respectively .After treatment ,serum total bilirubin and direct bilirubin in two groups were all lower than those before treatment (P<0 .05) .Serum total bilirubin and direct bilirubin in observation group after treatment were (26 .3 ± 6 .5)μmol/L and(18 .9 ± 3 .3)μmol/L ,and were (39 .3 ± 9 .5)μmol/L and(26 .9 ± 6 .7)μmol/L in control group ,and there were statistical difference between two groups (P<0 .05) . Observation group′s survival rate was higher than that of control group (P<0 .05) .Conclusion It has good clinical effect of trea-ting obstructive jaundice caused by malignant tumors by 3D-CRT ,and it prolongs the survival time ,decreases serum bilirubin and improves jaundice symptom ,so it has some guiding significance to its treatment .

Objective To analyse clinical and imaging characteristics of congenital airway abnormalities,and to guide the clinical diagnosis and reduce rate of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.Methods Clinical and imaging characteristics in children who had been diagnosed congenital airway abnormalities in Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from 2005 to 2011 were reviewed and analysed retrospectively.Results Of 23 children,12 cases were male,11 cases were female,the age was from 1 month to 10 years,the average age was 32 months.The disease course was from 3 days to 3 months,an average was 18 days.Clinical manifestations were repeated coughing,wheezing,dyspnea and recurrent respiratory infection.Through the spiral CT and three dimensional reconstruction,enhanced CT examination,6 cases of tracheobronchial stenosis,3 cases of trachea and bronchus,1 case of dysplasia of the left pulmonary artery and vein,3 cases of pulmonary sequestration,4 cases of pulmonary cyst and 6 cases of pulmonary hypoplasia were found.Conclusion Missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of congenital airway malformations often occurs.When the following features were observed,congenital airway malformations may be taken into account:persistent cough; repeated or persistent wheezing,treated ineffectively with anti-inflammatory agent and bronchodilators ; recurrent or persistent stridor; repeated pulmonary infections,dyspnea; repeated or persistent pneumonia in the same part and unexplainedly mediastinal shift in X ray chest radiography.Spiral CT three dimensional reconstruction and enhancement is of great value in diagnosis of airway malformation.

Interleukin-15 is a multffunctional cytokine,which are the activating and induction factors of the T-cell,B-cell,NK-cell and lymphokine-activated killer cell (LAK).It can stimulate hematopoietic stem cell proliferation and differentiation,enhance immunity and has anti-tumor effects.IL-15 and IL-2 have similar structures and functions,but many activating effects of IL-15 are stronger than the other's.IL-15 is closely related to tumor development,and has broad application prospects in biological therapy of cancer.

Objective:To construct Cyanovirin-N(CV-N) expression plasmid pET-CVN and express the protein in E.coli, and to prepare specific antibody against Cyanovirin-N.Methods:In this study, the encoding sequence of Cyanovirin-N was obtained by PCR. The expression plasmid pET-CVN was constructed by inserting the encoding sequence of CV-N into pET-His containing T7 promoter and then BL21(DE3)strain was transformed. Expression of CV-N was induced by IPTG at 30℃ for 8 h. Cyanovirin-N was refolded by using dialysis method. The target protein was purified through Ni2+-NTA Agarose Fast Flow. The purified Cyanovirin-N was used as an antigen to immunize rats,and the polycolonal antibody to Cyanovirin-N was obtained.Results:Cyanovirin-N was cloned and expressed in E.coli successfully. SDS-PAGE analysis showed that the Cyanovirin-N was expressed in the form of insoluble inclusion body,and the expression amount of Cyanovirin-N was about 42.08% of total protein. With ELISA detection the titer of antibody was more than 1∶8 000, Western blot analysis showed that the antibody can bind with Cyanovirin-N specifically.Conclusion:Cyanovirin-N expression plasmid pET-CVN has been constructed, Cyanovirin-N with bioactivity has been obtained. The prepared antibody against Cyanovirin-N has well specificity and reactivity and can be used to detect the expression products by recombinant strains of E.coli.The work lays a foundation further study of its functions.

Objective:To investigate learning burnout of undergraduates and its relationship with health-related hardiness.Methods:408 undergraduates were investigated with Undergraduate Learning Burnout Scale and Health-Related Hardiness Scale.Results:Boys scores were significantly higher than those of girls in behavior inadequacy, reduced personal accomplishment and general burnout;significant differences were found between grades in emotion turndown and majors in emotion turndown, reduced personal accomplishment and general burnout.Health-related hardiness has a sig-nificant negative correlation with learning burnout.The results of regression analysis found that control and commitment were the effective precursors.Conclusion:Health-related hardiness has a significant influence on undergraduates' learning burnout.

Objective Through an investigation and analysis of the using situation of anti-infectious medicine for the patients of ICU in hospital,to provide guidance for the rational antimicrobial use in clinic and strengthen the level of clinical doctors′reasonable use of the medicine. Methods The anti-infectious medicine used for the patient of ICU in hospital is analysed in respect to defined daily dose (DDD),drug utilization index(DUI). Results An overwhelming majority of anti-infectious medicine′s utilization is reasonable,but 52.4% of the anti-infectious medicine is over the demand of DUI≤1.The result of the DDDs:the Chemical Synthesis′s capacity(32.14%),the aminoglycosides(13.62%),the ?-Lactams and their?-Lactamase inhibitors(13.20%),the antifungal agents(12.66%),the cephalosporins(9.52%).The fuloroquinolones,the third and the forth cephalosporins and the carbapenems are used broadly.The medicine's unit-rate gets 92%,and six unit is the most of all.It can be seen from the category and distribution of the use of anti-infectious medicine that the cephalosprins is the first.The antimicrobial resistance is developed rapidly.The antimicrobial resistance of levofloxacin is 54.45%,then gentamicin is 51.78% and ampicillin,ciprofloxacin,cefazolin,ceftriaxone,SMZco are more than 40%. Conclusions In choosing the dose with the normal regulation(not the dose of indication),doctors consider less for the factors such as the age,medicine interacion,dose of indication,etc.Using the broad-spectrum usually led to many universal phenomenon such as antimicrobial resistance,bacteria migrated and antimycotic infection,etc.That makes double infection(32%) which can't be neglected.The theory of medicinal economics is less used in the clinic practices.

Objective To compare strong and weak points of two different approaches of endoscopic thyroidectomy and to discuss the complication prevention of endoscopic thyroidectomy.Methods There were 10 cases of breast areola approach endoscopic thyroid surgery(Areola Group) and 11 cases of transcervical approach video-assisted thyroid surgery(Cervical Group).The operation time,intraoperative blood loss,length of hospital stay,and complications between the two groups were compared.Results The operations were completed successfully in all the 21 cases.The operation time was significantly longer in the Areola Group(132.4?39.1 min) than in the Cervical Group(89.2?16.8 min)(t=3.347,P=0.003).The intraoperative blood loss was significantly less in the Areola Group(12.9?4.3 ml) than in the Cervical Group(18.2?5.5 ml)(t=-2.442,P=0.025).The postoperative hospital stay was significantly longer in the Areola Group(4.2?1.0 d) than in the Cervical Group(3.0?0.6 d)(t=3.373,P=0.003).Follow-up observations for 6 months in the 21 cases showed no recurrence of thyroid tumor or occurrence of hypothyroidism.Conclusions Compared with video-assisted thyroidectomy through transcervical approach,breast areola approach endoscopic thyroid surgery has longer operation time,but more satisfactory exposure,fewer complications,and better cosmetic outcomes.