Great advances have been made in understanding the genesis,diagnosis,risk stratification and the targeted therapy of myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) in the past decade.This article reviews the current situation in the genesis,diagnosis and risk stratification of these classic bcr-abl-negative MPNs presented in the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting.

Great advances have been made in understanding the pathogenesis,diagnosis,risk stratification and treatment of classic bcr-abl-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN).This article reviews current situation in the treatment of these MPNs presented in the 56th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting.

Sina 21 century it have seen major leaps in the understanding of the molecular genetic mutations that act as drivers of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Clinical trials of targeted drugs against specific mutant proteins, such as FLT3-internal tandem duplications (ITD) and isocitrate dehydrogenase mutations (IDH) are ongoing. This review discusses agents in clinical trials that target specific gene mutations and/or epigenetic targets from the 57th American Society of Hematology annual meeting.

Recent studies have shown that platelets have a variety of important functions, and play an important role in the pathophysiology of liver and renal diseases. The quantitative and functional changes of platelets, could affect the bleeding complications in patients with liver and renal diseases. This article reviews the progress of the effects of thrombocytopenia and platelet dysfunction on patients with liver and renal diseases, and the role of platelets in the pathophysiology of liver and renal diseases in the 58th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting.

Sixty five patients with of ankylosing spondylitis were randomly divided into intervention group (n =32) and control group (n =33).Patients in control group received conventional treatment only ;in addition to conventional treatment,patients in intervention group also received community intervention,including health education,psychological counseling and joint function exercise.The treatment lasted for 6 months,29 patients in intervention group and 28 in control group completed the trial.The results showed that the spinal motion (flexion,extension,lateral bending),chest expantion,finger to floor distance,occiput to wall gap in intervention group were better improved than those in control group after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The scores of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) were lower in intervention group than those in control group after treatment (P ＜ 0.05).The results indicate that community intervention can effectively improve spinal mobility,reduce spinal deformity; relieve the anxiety and depression and improve the quality of life for patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Objective To study the volume of lateral cerebral ventricle in neonates with threedimensional ultrasonography(3F-US),and to investigate the influence of sex,body weight(BW),head circumference(HC)and gestational age(GA) on it. Methods A total of 255 healthy neonates (GA 28~40 weeks) were examined with 3D cranial ultrasound. The ultrasonography was performed with anterior fontanel as the acoustic window,and the data were aquired at the deck of third ventricle on coronal section.The 3D image on the screen was constructed automatically and the volume of lateral cerebral ventricle was (P=0.809),and there was negative correlation between the volume of lateral cerebral ventricle and GA(r=-0.971). The correlation between the volume of lateral cerebral ventricle and HC was positive(r≥According to the relationships among HC(X 1),GA(X 2)and volume of lateral cerebral ventricle(Y),a linear regression equation Y=2.298-0.011 X1-0.04 X2 was obtained(the determinate coefficient R2 was accurately,which would be helpful to the evaluation on the cerebral maturity and the diagnosis of cerebral desease in neonates without wound.

Objective To observe the time-course expression of calcium-calmodulin dependent protein ki-naseⅡδ (CaMKⅡδ) in cerebral cortex after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The TBI rat model was established. The expression of CaMKⅡδ in cerebral cortex around injured area was tested by Western blotting and immunohistochemical staining . Results Western blotting revealed expression of CaMKⅡδ in normal rat brain cortex. It gradually increased after TBI, peaked after 3 days, and then returned to normal level. The result of immunohistochemical staining was consistent with that of West-ern blotting. Conclusion The expression of CaMKⅡδ around injured area after TBI increased initially and then decreased. It could be used as a new indicator for wound age determination following TBI.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of management for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in stage Ⅰ at new rural cooperative medical facilities.Methods A quasi-experiment design was used for the evaluation of patients registering at Dongcun and Fangyuan subdistrict offices in Haiyang.And 79 COPD cases from Dongcun sub-district offices were selected into the management group while 76 cases from Fangyuan the control group.The measures at the new rural cooperative medical facilities included smoking-free publicity,avoiding a hazardous environment,application of influenza vaccines and training of patients and local general practitioners in essences of COPD prevention and treatment.Except for routine treatment,no special measures were taken for the control group.ResultsSixty-one patients in the management group and 60 in the control group completed a 3-year follow-up.Fifteen patients were smokers during their initial visits in the management group and 13 quitted smoking after a 3-year management.Meanwhile 19 patients were smokers during their initial visits in the control group and 3 of them quitted smoking within the same period.The decrement of BODE index between post-management at year 2&3 and between pre-management was higher in the management group versus the control group within the same period (P ＜ 0.01).The annual average frequencies of common cold,acute attack and physician consultation were obviously lower post-management at year 3 than those pre-management and the control group within the same period ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Lung functions of two groups deteriorated as compared with those 3 years before ( P ＜ 0.05).But no statistical difference existed between two groups (P ＞ 0.05).ConclusionThe management of COPD patients in stage Ⅰ at new rural cooperative medical facilities can improve their quality of life and reduce their frequencies of common cold,acute attack and physician consultation.

Objective To explore the application value of ultra -high frequency ultrasound in detection of femoral artery stenosis in rabbits.Methods Twenty-four healthy male New Zealand white rabbits (body weight 2.5 -3.0 kg) were randomly divided into three groups , 8 rabbits in each group.Preparation of femoral atherosclerosis model : the rabbits were fed with high fat diet for 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 12 weeks after femoral artery balloon injury , respectively.The changes of cholesterol level were observed .We used ultra-high frequency ultrasonic probe to observe the femoral artery , to assess the diameter stenosis rate and peak systolic velocity (SPV) at the symptomatic side, and the histological areal stenosis was evaluated.Results 1.The blood cholesterol levels were increased after fed high cholesterol diet , with a significant difference among the groups (P <0.001); 2.There was a stenosis to a different degree in the modeling artery after fed high cholesterol diet for 4 wks, 8 wks, and 12 wks, and the stenosis degree was increased gradually .At 12 w, the degree of stenosis was higher than that at 4 w and 8 w, respectively, showing statistical significance ( P <0.001).At the symptomatic side, the peak systolic flow velocity was increased , and it was higher at 12 w than that at 4w and 8 w, respectively.3.With the extension of time, the arterial stenosis rate was increased along with the time course (P <0.05). Conclusions 1.High fat diet combined with balloon injury can cause varying degrees of rabbit femoral artery stenosis ; 2. Ultrahigh frequency ultrasound can clearly show different degrees of rabbit femoral artery stenosis , and can be used for detecting the lesions in animal models of peripheral vascular diseases .

Objective T o observe the changes of cystathionine β-synthase (C B S ) expression in the cere-bral cortex after brain contusion at different tim es. Methods A n experim ental m odel of traum atic brain injury (T B I) in m ice w as established by an im proved w eight-drop device. T hen W estern blotting and im m unohistochem ical exam ination w ere used to detect the C B S expression in cerebral cortex around in-jury at different tim e points (1 h, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 7 d). Results T he results of W estern blotting revealed that the expression level of C B S w as dow n-regulated and reached its low est level at the 3rd days after injury, and then restored to norm al level after 7 days. T he results of im m unohistochem istry show ed that C B S w as present in the norm al brain cortex. C B S expression gradually decreased at the 3rd days after injury, and then restored to norm al level after 7 days. Conclusion C B S has the potential to be a reference index for tim e estim ation after brain contusion in forensic practice.