Uihgur medicine is not only an important component of medicine for ethnic minorities in China,but an vital supplement to modern medicine.With the development of modern science,in recent years good progerss has been made in basic sciences and applied research of Uighur medicine.According to the property of Uighur materia medica,medicine can be divided into hot,cold,wet,dry,dry-hot,wet-hot,wet-cold,and dry-cold types,and according to strength of medicinal properties,this medicine is divided into four classes.Most of the drugs of levels 3 and 4 are credited with toxicity.This article summarizes the property and toxicity of medicines of levels 3 and 4 which are includel in Pharmaceutical Standards-Uighur Medicine (1998) edited by the former State Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.

Objective To establish a HPLC method for determination of benzylacetone in the rhododendron.Methods The HPLC analysis was carried out on Luna C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm) at 30℃temperature.The mobile phase was acetonitrile-water (64 ∶ 36),the flow rate was 1 ml/min,and the detection wavelength was 220 nm.Results The linear range of benzylacetone was 17.08～170.8 μg/ml (R=0.9998),the average recovery of this method was 99.81％,and the RSD was 1.46％.Conclusion The method is convenient,quickly and accurate,can be used for the quality control of rhododendron oil and their preparations.

0.05).The DNA content in samples of ITS group was significantly lower than that of FBS group on day 6(P

The integrator complex is multifunctional and contains at least 12 evolutionarily conserved subunits in hu-mans.It interacts with the C-terminal tail of the largest subunit of RNA-polymeraseⅡ ( RNAPⅡ) to promote 3′-end pro-cessing of small nuclear RNA (snRNA) U1/U2.It also interacts with RNAPⅡ, NELF and Spt5 to regulate NELF-mediated RNAPⅡpause/release and processivity at coding genes .Recently, the integrator complex is also reported to be involved in DNA damage response , dynein recruitment to the nuclear envelope , integrity of Cajal bodies , adipose differentiation , hem-atopoiesis , ciliogenesis , tumorigenesis and generation of viral microRNAs .This review discusses related research progress in the integrator complex .

BACKGROUND:Self-assembling short-peptide has been shown to be a kind of hovel nanometer biomaterial.Following culture combined with chondrocytes,self-assembling short-peptide can promote eell marex secretion,cell division and proliferation.and eell phenotype maintenance.For this reason,it has become a candidate for all ideal cell scaffold used for cartilage tissue engineering.OBJECTIVE:To observe the biological characteristics of rabbit articular chondrocytes cultured in three-dimensional nanoscale self-assembling short.peptide KLD-12 hydrogel seaffold.DESIGN.TIME AND SETTING:An observational experiment was performed at the laboratory of Institute for Nanobiomedical Technology and Membrane Biology,Sichuan University between November 2007 and April 2008.MATERIALS:Nanoscale short-peptide KLD-12 with a sequence of Ac-KLDLKLDLKLDL-CONH2 was synthesized by Shanghai Biotech Company,China.METHODS:Chondrocytes were harvested from New Zealand rabbit articular cartilage by enzyme digestion.Following in vitro culture.chondrocytes of passage 3 were inoculated into 4 g/L self-assembling short-peptide KLD-12 solution at a density of 5x 109/L.Peptide gel formation was induced by phosphate buffered saline for three-dimensional culture.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Observation of chondrocyte morphology in the short-peptide hydrogel with inverted phase contrast microscope.②Detection of intracellular matrix secretion by toluidine blue staining and immunohistochemistry.③Measurement of mRNA expression levels of aggrccan,type Ⅱ collagen and type Ⅰ collagen in chondrocyte-seeded hydrogels by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS:①The viability of chondrocytes digested and isolated from rabbit articular cartilage was over 95%.④Chondrocytes cultured in three-dimensional short-peptide hydrogel maintained their round shape,proliferated actively,and aggregated in clusters.In addition.cartilage lacuna could be seen surrounding the clusters.③Both toluidine blue staining and type Ⅱ collagen immunohistochemistry results were positive.The mRNA expression levels of aggrecan and type Ⅱ collagen were increased with time.④Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction results revealed that after 3 weeks of in vitro culture in the short-peptide hydrogel,chondrocytes maintained the capability to secrete aggrecan and to express type Ⅱ collagen.CONCLUSION:Self-assembling short-peptide KLD-12 three-dimensional hydrogel Call well inainrain the normal cellular morphology,function and proliferative capability of chondrocytes

BACKGROUND: In the tissue engineering studies, the common method of cell detachment is trypsinization. However, this method may decrease cell activity by breaking the extracellular matrix proteins. Therefore, it is important to develop a new cell detachment method which can avoid the damage from trypsinization.OBJECTIVE: Based on that poly N-isopropylacrylamide (PNIPAAm) could alter its hydrophobic property with the change of temperature, this study aimed to develop a novel method which can control cell detachment by simply changing the temperature. METHODS: IPAAm was dissolved in isopropanol with final concentration of 55% (w/v). IPAAm solution was evenly laid on the surface of TCPS dish, and PNiPAAm was then covalently grafted on the TCPS dish surface by electron beam irradiation. The micro.structure of the surface of TCPS dish was observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) before and after PNIPAAm grafted. Water contact angle was determined by sessile drop method. And an inverted phase contrast microscope was used to observe and evaluate the cell detachment ability of PNIPAAm grafted TCPS dish by subjecting the same dish to different temperatures. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: AFM images showed that a thin and compact PNIPAAm layer formed on the TCPS dish surface. In the water contact angle test, there was no statistic difference between PNIPAAm grafted and ungrafted surfaces at 37 ℃, and the water contact angle of PNIPAAm grafted surfaces was lower than that of ungrafted surface at 20 ℃. The cells adhered to the surface of the PNIPAArn grafted TCPS dish at 37 ℃, which would be detached at 20 ℃.It was successful to control cell detachment by simply changing the temperature with PNIPAAm grafted TCPS dish, and it would be promising to be applied in tissue engineering.

Objective:To analyze the characteristics of various clinical parameter reflecting the di-sease activity of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and explore their objectivity and different clinical values.Methods:The clinical data and ultrasonic data of 28 joints of RA patients diagnosed between 2014 and 2018 were collected. The characteristics of clinical indicators were analyzed, and their correlation with total grey scale (GS)/power Doppler (PD) scores of 28 joints was explored. Semi-quantitative score (0-3 points) of GS and PD for synovial hyperplasia was performed on 28 joints of selected patients by ultrasound. Total GS/PD scores include 28 joints. The characteristics of clinical parameters were analyzed, and their correlation with total GS/PD scores of 28 joints was explored. The normal distribution data was represented by mean SD, while the non-normal distribution data was represented by median (interquad interval, IQR). Correlation analysis was performed using 95% Spearman nonparametric correlation coefficient. All statistical tests were bilateral, with a significance of P<0.01. Results:163 RA patients were enrolled. 85% of them were female, with an average age of (52.0±13.0) years and a median course of disease 34(24, 45) months. The disease activity score in 28 joints C-reactive protein (DAS28-CRP), simplified disease activity index (SDAI) and clinical disease activity index (CDAI) were 4.2(2.4, 5.4), 17.9 (5.7, 33.3) and 16.0 (5.0, 28.5), respectively. There was discordance between tender joint count (TJC) and swollen joint count (SJC) in some patients. Eighty-nine (54.6%) patients had higher TJC than SJC, while 19(11.7%) patients had fewer TJC than SJC. The accordance between physician's global assessment (PGA) and evaluator Sglobalassessmentofdiseaseactivity (EGA) was observed in only 61 cases (37.4%). Eighty-nine patients (54.6%) had a higher PGA than EGA. Overall, all the parameters [TJC, SJC, PGA, PGA, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and CRP] were positively correlated with the total GS/PD scores ( r>0.50, P<0.01). Composite disease activity scores, DAS28, SDAI and CDAI, were also significantly correlated with total GS/PD scores ( r>0.59, P<0.01). But compared with TJC, the correlation between SJC and GS/PD was better ( r=0.59/0.60, P<0.01; r=0.50/0.51, P<0.01). Similarly, compared with GPA, the correlation between EGA and GS/PD was better ( r=0.66/0.67, P<0.01; r=0.55/0.58, P<0.01). Conclusion:The composite disease activity scores and all their components are significantly correlated with ultrasonic synovitis. Compared with TJC and PGA, SJC, EGA, CRP and ESR show a higher correlation with joint ultrasonic synovitis, and are more objective and meaningful in the evaluation of RA disease activity.

Objective To evaluate the validity of assessing synovitis and tenosynovitis by using musculoskeletal ultrasound scoring systems after standardized training in Chinese doctors.Methods All participants received a 30 minutes' training for the ultrasound scoring systems of synovitis and tenosynovitis.Ten static images were applied to evaluate the changes before and after training,respectively.Each parameter was assessed by a four scale semi-quantitative system recommended by outcomes measures in rheumatoid arthritis clinical trials (OMERACT).Paired t-test was used to assess the differences before and after training.Results Thirteen rheumatologists and two ultrasonographers completed the entire procedure.Significant differences were found before and after training when assessing the severity of gray-scale of synovitis (0.61± 0.30 vs 0.45±0.23;t=2.230,P＜0.05) and power Doppler of synovitis (0.57±0.26 vs 0.31±0.18;t=2.928,P＜0.05) and tenosynotis (0.56±0.15 vs 0.31±0.16;t=5.286,P＜0.05),while no significant difference was found when assessing the gray scale of tenosynovitis (t=-1.679,P＞0.05).Conclusion Standardized training is helpful to improve the validity of ultrasound scoring systems of synovitis and tenosynovitis in Chinese rheumatologists and ultrasonographers.The validity of assessing gray-scale of tenosynovits needs improvement.

Objective To investigate the musculoskeletal ultrasound (MSUS) findings in Chinese knee osteoarthritis (OA) patients.Methods All the MSUS data were from the outpatients with knee OA who visited Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology,Peking University First Hospital from February 2013 to August 2014.MSUS findings included number and position of osteophyte,synovitis,thickness of cartilage,and so on.Comparisons between groups were made using t test,Chi-square tests.Results Six hundreds and seventy-four patients were included.Almost all the patients (96.1％) had osteophytes,most patients had both knees osteophytes.The most common osteophyte location was femoral (85.2％),followed by tibia and the upper edge of patella.The number of osteophytes differed from none to ten,and the distribution of bilateral knee osteophytes was symmetrical in most patients.There was no significant difference in the number of osteophytes between male and female,and patients over 60 years old had more osteophytes than the patients aged 60 or below.In all bursae lesions,the suprapatellar bursa were the most commonly affected [effusion,279 (41.4％),synovial hyperplasia,189(28.0％),synovitis 24 (3.6％)].There was no significant difference in the cartilage thickness between bilateral knees.But the cartilage thickness of female patients was significantly thinner than that of men [left:(2.0±0.5) mm vs (2.5:1:0.8) mm,t=3.859,P＜0.05;right:(2.0:1:0.5) mm vs (2.5±0.8) mam,t=4.109,P＜0.05],and the patients over 60 years old had thinner cartilage than patients younger than 60 years old [left:(2.0±0.6) mm vs (2.2±0.6) mm,t=2.108,P＜0.05;right:(2.0±0.6) mm vs (2.2±0.6) mm,t=2.507,P＜ 0.05].None patient had Calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate (CPPD) deposition in the cartilage.Conclusion In the ultrasonographic findings of knee OA in China,osteophyte could be found in 96％ patients,the most common location of osteophyte is the femur area.The distribution of bilateral knee osteophytes is symmetrical in most patients.Patients over 60 years old have more osteophytes.Nearly haff patients have joint effusion,one third patients have synovial hyperplasia or synovitis.Bilateral knee cartilage degeneration is symmetrical.Women and patients over 60 years old have thinner cartilage.

In the bioelectric measurement, the electrode impedance detection is an important index to the signal quality evaluation and sensor electrode contact condition. In this paper, a method of accurately measuring the electrode impedance based on EEG measurement system was put forward, the method is based on the constant current source excitation signals which are added to the human body, by monitoring the human voltage to measure the electrode impedance. And different reference resistor calibration calculation in different sections was used to reduce the effect of constant current source on the precision of measurement results to improve the measurement accuracy.
Calibration ; Electric Impedance ; Electroencephalography