BACKGROUND: Naomaitong injection is a Chinese herbal compound preparation for treatment of ischemic cerebral vascular disease, acting on resisting calcium overload, regulating the imbalance between thromboxane (TXA) and prostaglandin (PG) and blocking lipid peroxidation mediated by free radical so as to protect cerebrum.OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of naomaitong injection on water and Ca2+ contents, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), levels of lipid peroxide (LPO), 6-keto-PG lα and TXA, and compare it with danshen injection.DESIGN: Randomized control experiment was designed.SETTING: Experimental Center of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in Experimental Center of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from October 1997 to February 1998, in which, 72 healthy male Wistar rats were employed, rangroup: Abdominal injection was done with physiological saline 1.67 mL/kg,group): Abdominal injection was done with compound danshen injection groups (naomaitong No.1, No.2 and No.3 groups): abdominal injection was done with naomaitong injection 3.33, 1.67, 0.84 mL/kg successively,twice/day.METHODS: Totally 48 hours after medication, under anesthetized state,the rats in every group were sacrificed to collect brain tissue. The two hemispheres were cut into two pieces from the middle. One of them was prepared into brain tissue homogenate at low temperature. Radioimmunologic analysis method was used to measure 6-keto-PG 1o and TXA B2 levels so as to evaluate the balance between PG and TXA systems. The modified pyorgallol autoxidation and thiobarbituric acid (TBA) colorimetric method were applied to determine SOD activity and LPO level respectively so as to evaluate lipid peroxidation mediated by free radical. The dry and wet weights of other piece were weighed immediately on electronic scale and the water content of brain tissue was calculated to evaluate brain edema. Atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) was used to determine Ca2+content in brain tissue so as to evaluate calcium overload.tissue of rats in every group.content in brain tissue of rats in every group: That in model group was higher remarkably than normal group [(82.27±1.32)%, (77.24±1.36)%;(267.47±15.69), (37.55±13.23) μg/g, P ＜ 0.01]. The water contents in 4 treatment groups were decreased of various degrees. The effect in No.1 group was the strongest [(78.74±1.41)%] and that in danshen group was the weakest [(81.45±1.52)%]. Ca2+ content in danshen group was decreased of various degrees, indicating dose-effect dependence, but, which was near to ty and LPO level in brain tissue of rats in every group: SOD activity in model group was lower remarkably than normal group [(86.18 ±3.17),(131.86±4.67) μkat/g, P ＜ 0.01]. After treated with naomaitong of 3 dosages, that was all improved, indicating dose-effect dependence (P ＜ 0.01). The effect of No.1 group was the strongest [(119.02±4.00) μkat/g],SOD activity in danshen group was near to model group (P ＞ 0.05). LPO level in model group was higher than normal group [(52.46 ±3.25),(32.29±2.23) μmol/L, P ＜ 0.01]. LPO level of every treatment group was lower significantly than model group and the therapeutic effects of No. 1, 2,3 groups were superior to danshen group [(35.68±2.86), (41.54±2.47),1α and TXA B2 in brain tissue of rats in every group: Content of 6-ketoPG 1α in brain tissue of model group was lower remarkably than normal group (P ＜ 0.01). That was improved in all of 4 treatment groups, in which,the therapeutic effects of No.1, 2, 3 groups were superior to danshen group [(43.84±2.98), (35.01±4.32), (29.97±3.81), (22.89±3.64) ng/g, P ＜ 0.01].TXA B2 content in brain tissue of model group was higher remarkably than normal group (P ＜ 0.01). After treatment, the 4 treatment groups lowed significantly TXA B2 content in brain tissue compared with model group,indicating dose difference. That in danshen group was lower than No. 1, 2,3 groups [(40.58±1.34), (32.85±1.43), (34.31±1.39), (37.27±1.52) ng/g, P ＜0.01].CONCLUSION: Naomaitong injection alleviates brain edema, resists calcium ion, regulates imbalance between TXA and PG systems, improves activity of anti-oxidase and is against injury of free radical so as to protect the structure of brain tissue and achieve therapeutic effects, indicating a certain dose-effect relationship. The effect of naomaitong injection is superior to that of compound danshen injection.

Objective To explore the effect of cilazapril on motor and cognitive function in hypertension with brain stroke. Method 42 hypertensive patients with stroke were divided into cilazapril treatment group(22 cases) and traditi onal treatment group (20 cases). The cilazapril group was treated with Inhibace 2.5 mg～5 mg daily. The traditional group was treated with nifedipine and/or di uretic. The blood pressure was measured twice a day during the treatment course. The activity of daily living (ADL), motor and cognitive function were assessed with Barthel index, Fugl-Meyer and MMSE assessment respectively before and 6 we eks after treatment. Results There were no difference between the two groups on blood pressure effectiveness, but blood pressure was more stable in the cilazapril gro up. Improvement of ADL and lower limb motor function in cilazapril treatment gro up were improved significantly than those of traditional treatment group(P<0.05). Although there was no difference between the two groups in the total value of cognitive function assessment, but the directional ability and memory function in group wa s higher than those in traditional group (P<0.05). Conclusion Cilazapril can decrease blood pressure steadily and can improve the activity of daily living and cognitive function in stroke patients.

Objective: To measure the level of T-lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin in severe traumatic brain injury and to explore the clinical significance. Method: 48 cases with severe traumatic brain injury were measured in T-lymphocyte subsets and immunoglobulin of vein blood before and after the rehabilitation therapy. By comparing with the control group and combining clinical evaluation to analyze the immune functional state in the state of TBI and the prognosis. Result:The cellular and humoral immune were inhibited distinctly. The level of CD3 + ,CD4 + ,CD4 +/CD8 +, IgG and IgA of TBI group were lower than the level of the control group. In prognosis, the early immune state of severe disability+vegetable state group was inhibited more seriously than good recovery + mild disability group. Conclusion: The cellular and humoral immune of severe traumatic brain injury were in inhibited state. The severe inhibition of immune, the worse the prognosis.

Objective To induce experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) in female C57BL/6 mice with the extracellular domain of myelin oligedendroglia glycoprotein(MOG~(Igd)). Percentages of CD4~+ CD25~+ T cell (Tr) were tested , and also normalized expressions of Foxp3. Methods Molecular cloning technology was used to produce MOG~(Igd) fusion protein. The MOG~(Igd)-TrxA fusion protein and TrxA protein were purified by metal chelate affinity chromatography (MCAC). Mice were injected s. c. in the flank with 300 μg MOG~(Igd) in complete Frcund's adjuvant (CFA) supplemented with 4 μg/μl Mycobacterium tuberculosis. H37Rv. Mice received 0.4 ml emulsion of spinal cord homogenate of guinea pigs (GPSCH) in positive control group, and the same volume emulsiom of TrxA in negative control group, while mice served as normal control received only saline/adjuvant. Mice were monitored two times a day for continuously 30 days by double bind. Clinical scores and histopathology were evaluated. Then, mice were sacrificed. The spinal cord and brain were removed and fixed in buffered formalin. Horizontal sections taken from the central nervous system(CNS) were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE), and Kluver-Barrera staining. Also, immunohistochemistry was performed. Percentages of CD4~+ CD25~+ T cells were tested through flow cytometric analysis, and real-time PCR was performed to test normalized expressions of Foxp3 mRNA. Then, correlations between the two were performanced. Results Mice in both MOG group and GPSCH group shew chronic non-remitting course. The onset of disease, time when the most severe clinical symptoms happened and the clinical score between the two groups shew no significant differnces (P>0.05). However, neither in TrxA treated group nor in normal control group did animals exhibit clinical signs of EAE. Histologic sections of the brain and spinal cord taken from affected animals shew perivascular infiltration of mononuclear cells, gliosis, and multifocal demyelination. Lesions scattered throughout the CNS including brainstem, spinal cord, cerebellum, and penventricular white matter. There were significant differences between MOG group and TrxA group in the level of lesion-ceutric AQP-4 expression showing up by immunohistochemistry (P<0.05). Percentages of CD4~+ CD25~+ T cells in MOG group and GPSCH group were (4.71±1.61) % and (1.44±0.65) %, respectively, both of which were significantly lower than those in the normal control group or TrxA treated group (P<0.01). And the difference between MOG group and GPSCH group also reached statistics meaning (P<0.01). Normalized expression of Foxp3 mRNA in MOG group was 2.26± 1.97, and was not significantly higher than the 1.44±1.20 level in GPSCH group (P>0.05). However, they beth were statistically lower than that in the negative control group, namely 8.58±3.34 (P<0.01). Percentages of CD4~+ CD25~+ T cells was statistically correlated with expressions of Foxp3 mRNA (P< 0.05). Conclusion EAE induced in C57BL/6 mice with MOG~(Igd) is reproduceable. It shares the similar clinial signs and pathologic features with human multiple sclerosis(MS). Thus, we find a good way to further study the immune mechanisms of MS and also to search for the effective treatments.

AIM: To study the clinical efficacy and safety of venlafaxine in the treatment of depression.　METHODS: One hundred and thirty-one patients with depression were randomly divided into 3 groups: venlafaxine group of 43 patients (M23, F20; age 39 a± s 12 a) was treated with venlafaxine, 25-100 mg, po, bid for 6 wk; imipramine group of 43 patients (M 21, F 22; age 38 a±11 a) was treated with imipramine, 25-75 mg,po, bid for 6 wk; sertraline group of 45 patients (M 25, F 20; age 40 a±12 a) was treated with sertraline, 50-100 mg, po, qd for 6 wk.　RESULTS: The total clinical effective retes were 88% for venlafaxine group, 91% for imipramine group and 89% for sertraline group (P>0.05). The adverse reactions in venlafaxine group were lower than that in imipramine group, but were higher than that in sertraline group.　CONCLUSION: Venlafaxine is a safe and effective drug for treatment of depression.

Objective To study the feasibility and safety of laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer. Methods From June, 2006 to July 2009, 11 patients with gastric cancer received laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy for gastric cancer. According to UICC TNM classification of gastric cancer, 6 cases were with Stage Ⅱ, 2 cases with Stage Ⅲ A, 1 case with Stage Ⅲ B, and 2 cases with Stage Ⅳ. Under the assistance of laparoscope, dissociation of the stomach and lymph nodes clearance were performed first; then gastrectomy was performed on a 6 cm incision, samples were collected, and alimentary tract was inoculated. Results Among the 11 cases, 2 cases were performed radical total gastrectomy, 1 case was performed proximal partial gastrectomy, 7 cases were performed distal partial gastrectomy and 1 case with open surgery. The mean operation time: 350 min for total gastrectomy, 320 min for proximal partial gastrectom,266 min for distal partial gastrectomy. The mean number of harvested lymph nodes was 21.3 (11-38), incisal edge was 5.6 (4.0-9.6) cm. The mean time was 72 (36-110) hrs for gastrointestinal function recovery, 59 (26-86) hrs for patients to take general activity, and 76 (48-116) hrs to take liquid food. No complication was observed. Conclusion Laparoscopy-assisted D2 radical gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer is safe and feasible. Compared with open surgery, it also has the advantages of small wound and fast recovery.

Objective To explore the effects of applying microsurgical technique in the one-stage urethroplasty for hypospadias with longitudinal preputial island flaps of dorsum penis. Methods Forty-two hypospadias cases with obvious phallocampsis were reviewed. The patients aged from 1 to 19 years (median, 6.4 years). Among them, 6 cases were of coronary suleus type, 28 cases of pe-nis body type, and 8 cases of penis and scrotum type. All patients went through the operative proce-dures by microscope with four-times magnification and microsurgical instruments. Longitudinal prepu-tial island flaps of dorsum penis was employed for the treatment of 33 cases of these patients, and 9 cases underwent longitudinal preputial island flaps of dorsum penis combined scrotal septal pedicle flaps. Results Thirty-eight cases were cured by one-time surgery (90.5%). One case with urethral fistula after operation was cured by surgical repair of urethral fistula. Two cases with urethral meatus stricture after operation and one with urethral stoma stricture were cured by dilatation. Patients were followed for 9 to 52 months (mean, 27 months). Conclusion Use of microsurgical technique with longitudinal preputial island flaps of dorsum penis in one-stage urethroplasty for hypospadias improved the success rate of surgery with few complications.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of Paclitaxel and Cisplatin(TP) combined with radiotherapy and clinical security in advanced local cervical cancer. Methods After informed consent,80 patients with cervical canco were studied prospectively,and divided into TP combined with radiotherapy group(40 cases,observation group) ,and surgery group(40 cases,control group). The clinical effect and adverse reactions were analyzed. Results Total effective rate in study group was 80. 0% ,50. 0% in control group,the difference showed statistical significance(x2 =3.47,P ＜0.05).The transfer rate of pelvis lymph node was 5. 0% in observation group,22. 5% in control group, the difference showed statistical significance( x2 = 4. 78 ,P ＜ 0. 05). The difference of adverse reactions between two groups showed no statistical significance( P ＞ 0. 05). Conclusion Clinical effect of Paclitaxel and Cisplatin combined with radiotherapy was obvious in advanced local cervical cancer patients,with little side effect,and could be applied to clinical practice.

In present study,comparisons were carried out to develop and improve in vitro mauration(IVM) systems of goat oocytes. Oocytes were cultured in TCM-199 supplemented with(1)10% sera (either estrous goat serum (EGS) or fetal bovine serum(FBS)) + 20 mg/L luteinizing hormone (LH) + 10 mg/L follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) + 1 mg/L estradiol (E2); (2)10% EGS with different gonadotropins(LH: FSH) at a concentration of 5 mg/L: 0.5 mg/L or at 20 mg/L: 10 mg/L with0. 075 IU/mL human menopausal gonadotropin(HMG),1 mg/L estradiol 17β; (3)10% EGS+ 0. 075 mg/L HMG+10-20 μg/EGF. The culture was also performed by M199 supplemented with 10% EGS+0. 075 mg/L HMG+ 10-20 μg/L EGF into ultra-filtrated water which was derived either from self-producing or from purchased for use. The oocytes were cultured at 38 ℃,5% CO2 in air for 24 h,and the meterphase Ⅱ stage oocytes were examined under dissecting microscope. The results showed that EGS was better than FBS in supporting goat oocyte IVM. An addition of HMG in M199 could improve oocyte maturation and induce a higher percentage of metaphase Ⅱ oocytes compared to gonadotropins. 10-20 μg/L EGF improved goat oocyte maturation but the influence was not significant. Fresh,high quality water was vital for oocyte IVM. In conclusion,under our conditions with IVM ,the best result in maturation of goat oocyte has been M199 supplemented with 10% EGS+0.075 IU/mL HMG+10-20 μg/L EGF and prepared in fresh purified water.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of Shiquan Dabu Tang (SDT) on growth and angiogenesis of subcutaneously implanted tumors, hepatic metastases, and incision-implanted tumors after surgical removal of primary colon tumor in mice.