Objective To observe the effect of endothelin-1 (ET-1) on the cell growth, adhesion, migration and expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) by A375 human malignant melanoma cells. Methods A375 cells were cultured in the presence of ET-1 of various concentrations (0.002, 0.02, 0.2, 2 μg/mL) for different periods. MTT method and flow cytometry were applied to detect the proliferation and ICAM-1 expression of these cells, respectively, after 24-, 48-, and 72-hour treatment. After 24-hour treatment, the cell adhesion and migration of A375 cells were assessed with cell adhesion assay and Transwell chambers, respectively. Results In the case of ET-1 from 0.002 to 0.2 μg/mL, it enhanced the proliferation, adhesion, migration of A375 cells and inhibited the expression of ICAM-1 by A375 cells in a dose dependent manner (P<0.01 or<0.05); however, for ET-1 of 2 μg/mL, the situation was the opposite. Moreover, after 24-hour culture with ET-1 of 0.2 μg/mL, the metabolic activity, cell adhesion rate, and expression of ICAM-1 peaked at 0.327±0.009, (163.31±4.05)% and 4.667±0.551, respectively. Conclusion ET-1 may enhance cellular metabolism and pigmentation by suppressing the expression of ICAM-1 and promoting the proliferation, adhesion and migration of melanoma cells.

Objective To investigate the feasibility,safety and clinical efficacy of three-port laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (TLSG).Methods The retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted.The clinical data of 104 obese patients who were admitted to the Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University between September 2016 and March 2017 were collected.TLSG was performed to all the 104 patients by the same surgical team.The surgical situations,conversion situations (port-site increased or conversion to open surgery),operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,surgery-related complications,duration of postoperative hospital stay and follow-up situations were observed.Patients were followed up by Wechat,telephone interview and inpatient examination once at month 3,6,9 and 12 postoperatively and once every year after 1 year postoperatively up to April 2017.Follow-up included weight-loss efficacy and postoperative long-term complications.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as x±s or average (range).Results All the 104 patients underwent successful TLSG,without port-site increased or conversion to open surgery.Operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (121±25)minutes and (9±6)mL,respectively.There was no severe intraoperative collateral damage.All the 104 patients with complications were cured by symptomatic treatment,including 1 with port-site infection,1 with peritoneal effusions causing secondary infection,3 with improper eating-induced acute delayed gastric emptying,6 with fat liquefaction around port-site and 9 with delay healing of port-site.There was no occurrence of severe complications,such as gastrointestinal bleeding,intra-abdominal bleeding and gastrostoma.Duration of postoperative hospital stay was (2.4±0.8)days.Eighty-two patients were followed up for 3 months (range,3-6 months),including 59 with 3-month follow-up,23 with 6-month follow-up and 22 with under 3-month follow-up.During the follow-up,there was no port-site hernia.Excess weight loss (EWL) was 37％± 11％ in 59 patients with 3-month follow-up and 45％± 13％ in 23 patients with 6-month follow-up.Of 59 patients with 3-month follow-up,14 patients with diabetes mellitus stopped taking antidiabetic drugs,10 of 14 patients had complete remission (CR) of hemoglobin Alc (HbAlc) and 4 of 14 patients had partial remission (PR) of HbAlc.Of 23 patients with 6-month follow-up,6 patients with diabetes mellitus had CR of HbAlc.Of 18 patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS),4 had 3-month follow-up,including 3 with CR and 1 was improved to mild OSAHS.Other 14 patients were not evaluated due to inadequate follow-up time.Conclusion TLSG for obese patients with specific indications cannot increase operation time and risk,meanwhile,it can reduce port-site,with a good cosmetic effect.

Objective: To explore the association between dietary patterns during pregnancy and the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), so as to provide the guidance of diet balance and GDM prevention for pregnant women. Methods: Pregnant women who underwent prenatal examination at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from December 2021 to July 2022 were selected as the subjects. The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was employed at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation to diagnose GDM. The questionnaire of "The Survey on Nutrition and Health of Pregnant Women in China" was used to collect general information, food intake frequency and amount during a month before OGTT. Dietary patterns were determined by factor analysis, and the association between dietary patterns and the development of GDM was identified using a multivariable logistic regression model. Results: Totally 449 pregnant women were included, with a median (interquartile range) age of 31.00 (5.00) years and a median (interquartile range) gestational age of 35.00 (3.00) weeks. There were 7 dietary patterns named potato-cereal pattern, poultry-meat-dessert pattern, milk-egg-aquatic product pattern, mushroom-vegetable-offal pattern, fruit-bean pattern, pickle-wheaten food pattern, and beverage-nut pattern according to the food types with high factor loads. There were 89 cases diagnosed as GDM, with a prevalence rate of 19.82%. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that the development of GDM was associated with the poultry-meat-dessert pattern (OR=0.242, 95%CI: 0.086-0.678) and the fruit-bean pattern (OR=0.093, 95%CI: 0.025-0.342), compared with the potato-cereal pattern. Conclusion Compared to the potato-cereal pattern, the poultry-meat-dessert pattern and the fruit-bean pattern may reduce the risk of GDM. Key words： gestational diabetes mellitus dietary pattern pregnant woman low carbohydrate diet

There are differents of intestinal microecology in patients with metabolic syndrome compared with the normal population.The metabolic surgery in the treatment of metabolic syndrome has high curative effect,and the intestinal flora postoperative tends to normal.Fat polysaccharide,short-chain fatty acids,bile acids and glucagon-like peptide 1,trimethylamine N-oxide are involved in the process of remission after metabolic surgery.This paper is a literature review on the characteristics of intestinal flora in metabolic diseases,the changes of gut microbiome after the bariatric surgery,and the relationship between these rules and those indexes.

Objective To observe the effects of resistance breathing training on the pulmonary rehabilitation and quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Totally 128 COPD patients admitted in Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science &Technology between June 2015 and July 2017 were selected by systematic random sampling and divided into two groups according to the admission time. The 64 patients admitted from June 2015 to June 2016 were divided into the control group, who received conventional nursing interventions for 6 months, while another 64 patients admitted between July 2016 and July 2017 were divided into the observation group, who received resistance breathing training for 6 months on the basis of conventional nursing interventions. The pulmonary function, including forced vital capacity (FVC), percent FVC to the estimated value (FVC%), forced expiratory volume for the first second (FEV1), percent FEV1to the estimated value (FEV1%) and changes of FEV1/FVC, were tested before and after interventions. The Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-Quality of Life scale (COPD-QOL) was used to compare the quality of life between the two groups before and after interventions. Results There were no statistical differences in terms of pulmonary indicators between the two groups before interventions (P＞0.05); however, FVC, FVC%, FEV1, FEV1% and FEV1/FVC rose after interventions, higher than those before interventions, and the observation group scored higher than the control group in terms of the indicators above post interventions (P＜0.05). There were no statistical differences between the two groups in the quality of life before interventions (P＞0.05); however, the scores in the dimensions of the quality of life and the total score after interventions were lower than those before interventions, and the observation group scored lower than the control group in terms of the indicators mentioned above (P＜ 0.05). The observation group scored higher than the control group in all dimensions of CD-RISC (P＜ 0.01). Conclusions Compared with traditional exercise (abdominal respiration and pursed lips breathing), resistance breathing training is more aligned with the characteristics of respiratory physiology, which can effectively improve the pulmonary rehabilitation as well as the quality of life in COPD patients.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of probiotics combined with montelukast in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)complicated with myocardial injury.Methods A total of 102 children with MPP and myocardial injury were selected as the study objects,and were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 51 cases in each group.The control group was treated with montelukast,and the observation group was treated with probiotics based on the control group.The clinical efficacy,symptom resolution time,hospital stay,myocardial injury index,inflammatory cytokines,intestinal flora level and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.16％,which was significantly higher than 76.47％of the control group(P＜0.05).The disappearance time of symptoms of fever,cough,shortness of breath,chest tightness and chest pain and hospital stay in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(P＜0.05).After treat-ment,the levels of cardiac troponin T(cTnT),B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP),myoglobin(Mb)and cardiac fatty acid binding protein(H-FABP)in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the levels of interleukin-1 receptor 1(IL-1R1),gamma-interferon(γ-IFN)and high mobility group protein 1(HMGB1)in the observation group were significantly lower than those inthe control group(P＜0.05);the number of Bifidobacteria,Lactobacillus aci-dophilus,Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus in the observation group were significantly higher than the control group,while the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of ad-verse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Probiotics combined with monte-lukast have good efficacy in MPP children with myocardial injury,which can shorten the time of symp-tom resolution and hospital stay,improve the indexes of myocardial injury in children,inhibit the lev-el of inflammatory cytokines,adjust the structure of intestinal flora disorder,and have good safety.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of probiotics combined with montelukast in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP)complicated with myocardial injury.Methods A total of 102 children with MPP and myocardial injury were selected as the study objects,and were randomly divided into control group and observation group,with 51 cases in each group.The control group was treated with montelukast,and the observation group was treated with probiotics based on the control group.The clinical efficacy,symptom resolution time,hospital stay,myocardial injury index,inflammatory cytokines,intestinal flora level and incidence of adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.16％,which was significantly higher than 76.47％of the control group(P＜0.05).The disappearance time of symptoms of fever,cough,shortness of breath,chest tightness and chest pain and hospital stay in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(P＜0.05).After treat-ment,the levels of cardiac troponin T(cTnT),B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP),myoglobin(Mb)and cardiac fatty acid binding protein(H-FABP)in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05);the levels of interleukin-1 receptor 1(IL-1R1),gamma-interferon(γ-IFN)and high mobility group protein 1(HMGB1)in the observation group were significantly lower than those inthe control group(P＜0.05);the number of Bifidobacteria,Lactobacillus aci-dophilus,Enterococcus faecalis and Bacillus cereus in the observation group were significantly higher than the control group,while the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of ad-verse reactions between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Probiotics combined with monte-lukast have good efficacy in MPP children with myocardial injury,which can shorten the time of symp-tom resolution and hospital stay,improve the indexes of myocardial injury in children,inhibit the lev-el of inflammatory cytokines,adjust the structure of intestinal flora disorder,and have good safety.

Objectives:To analyze the differences in clinical characteristics,in-hospital management and one-year outcome of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure in the eastern,central,and western regions of China. Methods:Data was obtained from the China Patient-centered Evaluative Assessment of Cardiac Events(PEACE)-Prospective Heart Failure Study.A total of 4 875 patients aged 18 and above hospitalized for acute heart failure were enrolled from 52 hospitals in China between August 2016 and May 2018.Patients were categorized into three groups according to their geographical locations:eastern(n=1 753),central(n=1 723),and western(n=1 399).The clinical characteristics,in-hospital management,and one-year outcome were compared among the three groups. Results:The included patients had a median age of 67(57,75)years,of whom 37.5%were women.In all patients,the main comorbidities of heart failure included hypertension(56.0%),coronary heart disease(52.1%),atrial fibrillation(34.3%),and chronic kidney disease(34.3%).The proportion of patients with hypertension in the western region(60.3%)was higher than that in the eastern(53.9%)and central regions(54.7%,both P<0.017).The proportions of beta blockers,mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist,and diuretic use during hospitalization in the central region were 67.3%,79.9%and 85.2%,respectively,significantly lower than those in the eastern(79.3%,86.3%and 89.6%)and western(75.3%,83.6%and 89.1%)regions(all P<0.017).Arter adjusted for age and sex,there was no statistical difference in all-cause mortality among the three groups during one-year follow-up after discharge,while the risk of cardiovascular mortality in the eastern region was significantly higher than that in the western region within one year after discharge(HR=1.33,95%CI:1.07-1.65,P<0.017). Conclusions:Present results indicate that the clinical characteristics and in-hospital management of patients hospitalized for acute heart failure differ among the eastern,central,and western regions of China.The risk of cardiovascular mortality in the eastern region is higher than that in the western region during one-year follow-up after discharge.