The paper researches the co-authorship situation in the field of foreign medical ethics through the social network analysis method,taking 9 foreign core journals of medical ethics included in the Journal Citation Report as the data source,it extracts and sorts out the information through BICOMB and UCINET software to generate the co-occurrence matrix of the author and draw the map,reveals the overall structural features and co-authorship situation of the co-authorship network in the field of foreign medical ethics.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the factors influencing the drug release of atenolol nasal gel for references of optimization of its formulation.METHODS:The effects of carbopol 941(0.8%,1.0% and 1.2%)which used as the gel stroma,the amount of surface acting agent Tween-80(0,6% and 8%),and absorption enhancer(DM-?-CD vs.?-CD)on the in vitro release of atenolol nasal gel were investigated.RESULTS:All the above-mentioned 3 factors had marked effects on the in vitro release of atenolol nasal gel.The in vitro release of atenolol nasal gel was markedly enhanced by 0.8% carbopol 941,6% Tween-80 and 10% DM-?-CD absorption enhancer.CONCLUSION:The results in the study serve as references for the optimization of the formulation of atenolol nasal gel.

Objective:To construct expression vector of human glucocorticoid receptor mutant.Methods:cDNA sequence of human glucocorticoid receptor mutant having no LBD was amplificated through RT-nested PCR,PCR product was directionally cloned to pEGFP-N2 plasmid vector,and recombinant plasmids were screened through sequencing.Expressions of recombinant plasmids in human macrophage cell line U937 were observed through fluorescence microscope.Transcriptional activation activity of variant was evaluated through methods of relative activity of luciferase.Results:The 1 601 bp length cDNA was obtained,and result of sequencing confirmed the cloned cDNA sequence is completely coincidence with that of glucocorticoid receptor in Genebank.Expression products of recombinant plasmid mainly located in nucleus.Transcriptional activation activity incresed after recombinant plasmid transfected.Conclusion:Expression vector of glucocorticoid receptor mutant was constructed successfully,which has transcriptional activation activity independent of glucocorticoid.

OBJECTIVE To determine the germicidal efficacy and corrosiveness of San Xiao pyrogen inactivator.METHODS Its germicidal efficacy was measured with carrier test.RESULTS The killing rate of Bacillus subtilis var.niger spores exposed to its solution containing available chlorine 750mg/L for 30 min attained 100%.Its solution containing available chlorine 500 mg/L with a 15 min contact time could destroy HBsAg antigenicity in suspension.Its germicidal efficacy decreased in presence of organic substance.Its water solution containing available chlorine 1000mg/L was not corrosive to stainless steel,moderately corrosive to carbon steel and severely corrosive to copper and aluminum.CONCLUSIONS San Xiao pyrogen inactivator is a kind of original disinfectant which has better germicidal efficacy and uses safely.

Aim To Study the inhibition mechanism of edelfosine on cytokinesis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Methods To observe the inhibition of cytokinesis and growth, the experiments of inhibition of cyto-kinesis and parallel growth were carried out. To explore the inhibition mechanism of edelfosine, the experiment of retransfection of yeast genes was carried out. Results Edelfosine inhibited the cytokinesis of S.pombe in low dosage and cell growth in high dosage. The mid2△、spm1△ and pmp1△ strains were resistant to edelfosine in high dosage. However, these strains retrieved the sensitive to edelfosine in high dosage by retransfected the relevant genes, respectively. A reciprocal action, which was the Mid2p induced the phosphorylated Spm1, while the Pmp1 dephosphorylated Spm1, existed among the Spm1、Mid2 and Pmp1 in S.pombe treated with edelfosine. Conclusion The inhibition of edelfosine on cytokinesis and cell growth due to the effect of Spm1、Mid2 and Pmp1.

Objective To investigate the effect of propofol preconditioning on activities of ATPase on myocardial cell membrane in rats with myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Forty Sprague-Dawiey rats were subject to 30 min ischemia and 60 min reperfusion and randomly assigned to five groups, six rats per group: control(C) group; ischernia-reperfusion (IR) group; propofol preconditioning group(P, according to the dosage of propofol, P was assigned to three KM+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase of left ventricle myocardial tissue were measured by chemical colorirnetric method. The rnyocardium pathomorphism was observed with light microscopes. Results The activities of Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase in ischemia-reperfusion group were lower than control group and propofol preconditioning group(P<0. 05 or P<0.01). Conclusion Propofol preconditioning can produced cardioprotective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury by recovering the ATPase activities of myocardial tissue.

Objective To study the expressions of matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)in laryngeal carcinoma and their clinicopathological significance.Methods The immuno-histochemical technique was used to detect the expression staining results of MMP-2 and VEGF in 54 cases of laryngeal carcinoma,23 cases of polyps of vocal cord and 1 5 cases of normal laryngeal mucous tissues verified by clinicopathology under the automatic image analyzer.Results The ex-pression rates of MMP-2 and VEGF were 72.22%(39/54)and 70.37%(38/54)in the laryngeal carcinoma tissue,which were sig-nificantly higher than 47.83% and 39.13% in polyps of vocal cord and 40.00% and 46.67% in the normal laryngeal tissues respec-tively,the differences between them had statistical significance(P<0.05).The expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF had certain corre-lation with the clinical stage,lymph node metastasis and.infiltration depth of laryngeal carcinoma.Conclusion MMP-2 and VEGF may jointly participate in the process of infiltration and metastasis in laryngeal and have certain relation with the tumorous invasive growth.

Objective To observe the clinical effect of recombinant human growth hormone(rhGH) in the treatment of Turner syndrome(TS).Methods The clinical data of 40 children with TS who were treated with rhGH were retrospectively analyzed.Results After treatment for 6 months,the GV,IGF-1 levels [(9.4 ± 2.7) cm/a,(433.9 ± 164.9)μg/L] were significantly higher than those before treatment [(2.5 ± 0.4)cm/a,(186.7 ± 7.33) μg/L],the differences were statistically significant(t =45.562 5,5.061 0,all P ＜ 0.05).The treatment dose of rhGH,initial treatment age had no significant relationship with GV,the GH peak before treatment had no significant correlation with GV.There was no obvious adverse reactions in the treatment process.Conclusion For children with TS,rhGH can improve the height,improve the therapeutic effect,reduce the burden of family and society.Low dose of rhGH in the treatment of TS can achieve better curative effect,the initial treatment age and growth rate in children had no obvious relationship,the insulin growth factor is an important index during the treatment,and the changes of insulin growth should be closely monitored,and adjusting the dosage of the drug in order to achieve the best therapeutic effect.

Objective To explore the effects of post-discharge continuous nursing intervention on medication compliance and negative emotion of patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods 168 patients with acute myocardial infarction were selected.All of them got emergency PCI after admitted.Then,they were simply randomized into observation group (84 cases) and control group (84 cases) using coin toss method combined with random comparison table.The observation group accepted continuous nursing intervention after discharged,including regular home visits,telephone feedback and clinical visits.The control group got a regular clinical follow-up.Their medication compliance and negative emotion were investigated after 1 month,3 months,6 months and 12 months from discharged,respectively.Results Relevant data with different periods of patients with repeated measurement data analysis of variance,discharge for 3 months,6 months and 1 year,compared with the control group,the medication compliance of the observation group increased obviously,the SAS and SDS scores decreased obviously,the differences were statistically significant (t =1.432,2.781,1.432,2.781,2.504,3.783,2.761,4.621,4.884,all P ＜ 0.05).Further analysis of the data between inter group effect,time effect,inter action effect showed that with the extension of the discharge time,the medication compliance and SAS,SDS scores of the two groups were significantly different (F =30.258,P ＜ 0.01;F =2.673,P ＜ 0.05;F =2.024,P ＜ 0.05).In hospital,there were no statistically significant differences in the quality of life of patients between the two groups(t =1.250,1.250,1.250,1.250,0.694,1.113,2.463,all P ＞ 0.05).1 year after discharge,compared with the control group,the movement and exercise,interpersonal relationships,nutrition,health responsibility,self-actualization,stress management scores in the observation group significantly increased,the differences were statistically significant (t =2.463,3.146,2.463,3.146,2.633,2.115,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Continuous nursing interventions can effectively reduce acute myocardial infarction patients'anxiety and depression after PCI,improve their compliance and prevent recurrent cardiovascular events.

Cell senescence is a state of irreversible growth arrest, which can be triggered by a variety of different cellular stress. Currently, the detection indexes involved in the study of cell senes?cence include senescence-associated β-galactosidase, telomeres and telomerase, senescence-associ?ated heterochromatin foci, senescence-associated secretory phenotype, reactive oxygen species, and tumor suppressor genes p53 and p16. These indexes are widely used in the study of cell senescence, each with its own characteristics or advantages. This review summarizes several common cell senes?cence indexes and compares their accuracy, credibility, specificity, and potential applications.