Cough is a common respiratory symptom in children.To evaluate severity of cough and the quality-of-life in children with chronic cough,cough scores,generic questionnaires and cough-specific health-related quality of life questionnaires have been developed.Different questionnaires have their own particular features,recently the validity and reliability of the cough-specific health-related quality of life questionnaires are supposed to be high in assessing quality of life,and have been proved to be quite valid and reliable tools.Studies have shown that chronic cough not only affects physical status in children,but also seriously affects their psychological health,social activities and family life negatively.Therefore,evaluating severity of cough and impacting on quality of life contributes to the clinical development of appropriate interventions.

Objective To compare the effect of calcium sulfate pellets made by different methods in repair of segmental radial defect of rabbits. Methods Eighty white New Zealand rabbits were sub-jected to defects of middle part of the left radial bone and divided into four groups according to repair ma-terials: control group (Group A, implanted with no artificial bone substitute), uncoated pressed calcium sulfate pellets (Group B), coated pressed calcium sulfate pellets (Group C) and coated pressed calcium sulfate pellets combined with rhBMP-2 (Group D). Histologic examination and biological test were done at 4, 8 and 12 weeks after operation. The data were processed with mono-factor variance analysis. Re-sults New bone formation was found on the defected bone in Group D and Group C, with better in Group D. The bone strength test showed that the anti-bending strength was (39.6±1.7) % in Group C and (47.5±2.1) % in Group D, which were higher than (21.3±2.7) % in Group A and (23.6±3.3) % in Group B, with higher anti-bending strength in Group D than that in Group C (F = 125.3 ,P <0.01). Conclusions For restoration of segmental bone defects, chitosan-coated pressed calcium sulfate pellet shows relatively high density and slightly slow resorption, which closely coincides with the growth rate of new bone. The coated pellet combined with rhBMP-2 can enhance its osteogeneais in restoring segmental Done defects.

Pediatric acute liver failure has a high mortality.Liver transplantation is the only definite treatment.Extracorporeal liver support can be employed as a strategy for bridging to transplantation or recovery.There are three types of device for temporary support:biological,non-biological (also called artificial) and bio-artificial (hybrid techniques).Early non-biological device including hemodialysis,hemoperfusion/plasma perfusion and plasmapheresis have improved biochemical efficacy,but there are little data for clinical end points.Continuous blood purification and the combination of various non-biological methods such as the molecular adsorbent recirculatory system and Prometheus(R) are new extracorporeal blood purification therapy.The results of many experimental and clinical trials have improved the efficacy of the above mentioned methods.

Objective To study the effect of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphism on serum lipids and the relationship between apolipoprotein E polymorphism and coronary heart disease (CHD).Methods Polymerize chain reaction (PCR) and HhaI digestion were used for the detection of apolipoprotein E genotype on 71 patients with CHD and 69 control subjects.Results The frequencies of apolipoprotein E4 allele and E3/4 genotype were obviously increased in CHD group than in control group (P<0.01,P<0.05). Conclusion The apolipoprotein E polymorphism is related to the occurrence of coronary heart disease; apolipoprotein E4 allele is one of the most important hereditary factor for the occurrence of CHD.

Objective: To assess the effect of Linghuang powder ( LHP) in treating acute nonspecific lower urinary tract infection (ANLUTI) with l ower-Jiao damp-heat syndrome and evaluate its safety. Methods: A randomized cont rolled design was adopted. Four hundred and fourteen patients were allocated to LHP treatment group, control group and open treatment group. Results: The marked ly effective rate of short-term treatment with LHP was 71.78%, and the total effective rate was 92.02%, the total rates of im proving urine routine and urine bacterium were 95.21% and 79.37% respectively in LHP treatment group. Conclusion:The effect of LHP for ANLUTI with lower-jiao damp-heat syndrome is better than that in the control group (P<0.01).

In recent years,with increasing investment on laboratory medicine scientific research in China,the project management,implementation,evaluation system and quality improvement become more and more important for research managers and executives.In this paper,the main problems of project execution and implementation and accordingly proposed some constructive suggestions were analysed,in the aspects of the leading role of principal investigator,periodical discussion,peer guidance,scientific progress management,effective using of project funds and the establishment of appropriate reward and punishment mechanisms.It is hoped that these suggestions can be used to achieve success in laboratory medicine research project.

Objective To probe the differences in clinicopathological features between benign and malignant polypoid lesions of the gallbladder.Methods In this study,1396 PLG cases diagnosed by postoperative pathology between 2007.1 to 2009.12 were enrolled.Cases were divided into three groups according to the pathological classification:1339 cases of benign proliferative diseases ;42 cases of adenoma,15 cases of malignant disease.Comparing the clinical characteristics of the three groups,we screened out the risk factors for malignant transitions.Results Age (F =8.090,P =0.000),size of polyp (F =102.61,P =0.000),single vs multiple lesions (x2 =214.25,P =0.000),concurrent inflammation (x2 =9.362,P =0.009),and stones (x2 =34.022,P =0.000) were significantly different between the three groups.Conclusions Size of polyps over 0.8 cm,age over 60 years,single polyp,accompanied by stones and inflammation were the risk factors for malignancy in gallbladder polypoid lesions.

Electrical potential difference (PD) was measured across the wall of reverted small intestinal saes of mice. The effect of glycyrrhizic acid on transmural potential related to Na+ and glucose transport were investigated. It was found that both zhigancao (100g/L ) and glycyrrhizic acid (2. 5mmol/L ) decreased the PD (P＜0.01).According to the theory of active transport of glucose, we inferred that zhigancao and glycyrrhizic acid possibly produce an inhibitiory effect on Na+. K+-ATP ase,resulted in a blocking effect on sodium channel.

Purpose:To eveluate the effect of liver function after TIPSS.Materials and methds:Ananalysis of 17 cases with laboratory data to study the liver function changes after TIPSS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic stent shunts).Results:There were 35 percent of cases whose liver function were worse than before,the others showed no change or better after TIPSS. Couclusion:It was important to choose the cases strictly before TIPSS so as to reduce the compli- cation and improve the survival rates.Although some cases liver function went worse after TIPSS but only temporarily.TIPSS can reduce bleeding retes effectively,thus simultaneously seve the lives.It is worthy to extend this procedue.

Objective\ To determine the distribution of the sympathetic postganglionic neurons innervating the uterus of uterine tube in hens. Methods\ CB\|HRP was injected into the wall of the uterus(shell gland)of hens. Results\ The hens uterus was innervated by the bilaterally sympathetic postganglionic neurons from T\-1 to LS\-\{13\} segments of the sympathetic trunk,splanchnic and adrenal ganglia.CB\|HRP labeled neurons in the left side were prominant.In the sympathetic trunk,a good lot of labeled neurons were accummulated in the segments both T\-5\|LS\-2 and LS\-8\|LS\-\{12\}. The greatest concentration of the neurons was in T\-7 and LS\-\{10\}. Conclusion\ The hen's uterus was innervated by the bilaterally sympathetic ganglionic neurons although it was the unilateral organ.\;