AIM:To study the main chemical components of traditional Tibetan medicine Pazhu Capsule(Calcitum,Fructus Chebulae,Semen Granati,Fructus Piperis,Fructus Piperis Longi,etc.) in the treatment of gastropathy. METHODS: The soluble components of Pazhu Capsule were extracted by supercritical-CO_2 fluid.The components were measured by GC-MS and the relative amount of them were determined by peak area normalization.(RESULTS:)22 components were identified.The main components were piperine(44.2%),9,12-Octadecadienoic acid(z,z)(21.1%),Azuleno[45-b] furan-2(3H)-one,3a,4,6a,7,8,9,9a,9b-octahydro-6-methyl-3,9-bis(methylene)-,[3as-(3a.alpha.,9a.alpha.,9b.beta.)](10.55%),n-Hexadecanoic acid(4.8%) and 2(3H)-Benzofuranone,6-ethenylhexahydro-6-methyl(33.5%).CONCLUSION: The main components of the Tibetan medicine Pazhu Capsule are piperine and 9,12-Ocatadecadienoic acid,both contents are up to 65.3% of the total extracts.

Objective: To explore the preparation process for Tibetan medicine Anshen Pills. Methods: Comparing the preparation process of Tibetan medicine extracted by SFE CO 2 with that extracted by pertroleum ether and analyzing chemical components of their extracts by GC/MS. Results: The method of SFE CO 2 is superior to extractive method by pertroleum ether. The former has higher extraction ratio and shorter extraction time without residues of chemical solvent. Conclusion: The process of SFE CO 2 is suitable for the preparation of Tibetan medicine Anshen Pills.

Twenty-seven patients with subclinical hyperthyroidism(SH)complicated by paroxysmal atrial fibrillation(PAF)were treated with methimazole plus bisoprolol.All patients were examined by Doppler echocardiogram and 24 h ambulatory electrocardiograms before and 3 months after treatment.Serum FT3,FT4,and TSH levels were measured with RIA.The results showed that low-dose methimazole therapy could improve the left ventricular diastolic function(P < 0.01)and help maintain sinus rhythm.The incidence of subclinical hypothyroidism was low.Low-dose methimazole was effective and safe in patients with SH complicated by PAF.

AIM To explore the mercury accumulation in KM mice after being given Zuotai at different doses and time.METHODS KM mice were randomly divided into blank group,Zuotai low-,middle-and high-dose (6.07,60.70 and 606.97 mg/kg,42 d;606.97 mg/kg,14 d) groups.The mercury contents in brain (olfactory bulb,cortex,hippocampus,hypothalamus,brain stem,cerebellum),heart,lung,kidney,liver,spleen,serum,muscle of mice were measured after administration.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,Zuotai at low-dose significantly increased the mercury contents in hippocampus,cerebellum,lung,kidney,liver and serum of mice after 42-day treatment;Zuotai at middle-dose markedly increased the mercury contents in olfactory bulb,cortex,hippocampus,brain stem,cerebellum,heart,lung,kidney,liver,spleen and serum of mice after 42-day treatment;the mice treated with high-dose of Zuotai for 42,14 days significantly increased the mercury contents in olfactory bulb,cortex,hippocampus,hypothalamus,brain stem,cerebellum,heart,lung,kidney,liver,spleen,muscle and serum.CONCLUSION Mercury can be accumulated in different tissues of mice after intragastric administration of Zuotai in a dose-and time-dependent manner,which suggests that Zuotai and its compound preparations should not be used in high-dose and long-term.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of atorvastatin with different doses on related indicators and major adverse cardiovascular events(MACE)in patients with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI). METHODS:120 patients with AMI after PCI were randomly divided into conventional dose group(60 cases)and high dose group (60 cases). All patients were immediately given low molecular weight heparin,Aspirin enteric-coated tablet,Clopidogrel bisulfate tablet,Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor,β-blockers,nitrates and other conventional treatment;based on it,conventional dose group was given 20 mg Atorvastatin calcium tablet,once every day before bedtime;high dose group was given 40 mg Atorv-astatin calcium tablet,once every day before bedtime. The treatment course for both groups was 1 month. Total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),C-reactive protein (CRP),OX40L,interleukin (IL)-6 levels in 2 groups before and after treatment were observed,the correlation among OX40L with CRP and IL-6 were analyzed,and the incidence of MACE in 2 groups was recorded after 1 month follow-up. RESULTS:Be-fore treatment,there were no significant differences in the TG,TC,LDL-C,HDL-C,OX40L,CRP and IL-6 between 2 groups (P>0.05). After treatment, TG, TC, LDL-C, OX40L, CRP and IL-6 were aignificantly lower than before, TC, LDL-C, OX40L,CRP and IL-6 in high dose group were lower than conventional dose group,HDL-C was significantly higher than before, the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01 or P<0.05);but there was no significant difference in the HDL-C between 2 groups(P>0.05). Before treatment,OX40L showed positive correlation with CRP(r=0.746,P<0.01)and IL-6(r=0.763,P<0.01);after treatment,OX40L also showed positive correlation with CRP (r=0.755,P<0.01) and IL-6 (r=0.760,P<0.01). The incidence of MACE in high dose group were significantly lower than conventional dose group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Based on the conventional treatment,atorvastatin can significantly reduce lipid,inflamma-tion levels and incidence of MACE,but the effect is more significant in high dose.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-aging effects and reveal the underlying mechanism of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi ethanol extract (SBG) in D-galactose-induced rats. Fifty rats were randomly divided into five groups: vehicle control group, D-galactose group, and D-galactose combined with 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1) SBG. A rat aging model was induced by injecting subcutaneously D-galactose (100 mg x kg(-1)) for ten weeks. At the tenth week, the locomotor activity (in open-field test) and the learning and memory abilities (in Morris water maze test) were examined respectively. The urine was collected using metabolic cages and analyzed by high-resolution 1H NMR spectroscopy combined with multivariate statistical analyses. The SBG at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg x kg(-1) treatments groups could significantly ameliorate aging process in rats' cognitive performance. The 50, 100, 200 mg x kg(-1) SBG regulated citrate, pyruvate, lactate, trimethylamine (TMA), pantothenate, β-hydroxybutyrate in urine favorably toward the control group. These biochemical changes are related to the disturbance in energy metabolism, glycometabolism and microbiome metabolism, which is helpful to further understanding the D-galactose induced aging rats and the therapeutic mechanism of SBG.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the dynamic changes in urine metabolic profiles in rats induced by D-galactose (D-Gal),and to study the correlations between the differential metabolites and behavior indicators using the proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR)-based metabonomics.METHODS Subcutaneous injection of D-Gal 100 mg· kg-1 for 10 weeks was adopted in the model group.The sample of urine was collected at day 0 (dO),d14,d28,d42,d56 and d70.NMR metabonomics technique was used for acquisition of data,which was analyzed by multivariate statistical analysis.The ability of learning and memory were measured by Morris water maze test from d70.After the behavioral test,the rats were sacrificed and the hippocampus was observed by hematoxylin-eosin staining.RESULTS Principal component analysis (PCA) results revealed that there was considerable difference between the model group and the normal control group at d70.According to the varible importance plot (VIP) calculation and S-plot scores,a total of 12 metabolites were screened and identified as potential biomarkers at d70.The differences of metabolites and Morris water maze test were subjected to correlation analysis,and the results showed that the levels of choline,lactate and dimethylglycine in the model group were significantly increased and negatively correlated with the times of crossing the platform (r =-0.90,-0.50 and-0.52;n=10).Formate was significantly negatively correlated with the time spent in the target area (r =-0.51,n=10),but choline and formate were significantly positively correlated with the escape latency (r =0.72 and 0.53;n=10).However,the levels of creatine and taurine decreased in the model group,which was significantly positively correlated to the times of acrossing platforms (r =0.89 and 0.71;n=10),while alanine was significantly positively correlated to the time spent in the target area(r =0.74,n=10).Taurine,alanine and creatine were significantly negatively correlated with the escape latency (r =-0.66,-0.50 and-0.85;n=10).The correlations between the differential metabolites and the behavioral indicators were further proved.CONCLUSION The metabolic profile changes in urine from D-Gal induced aging model rats are significantly correlated with impairement of ability in learning and memory.1H-NMR metabonomics in urinary metabolic profile changes may be used as an evaluation index in the D-Gal induced aging rats model.

Objective To explore the relations between pulse pressure and LDL-C for elderly patients with hyperten-sion. Methods A total of 451 elderly patients with hypertension were selected and divided into four groups. Group A was 65 to 69 years of age, group B was 70 to74 years of age, group C was 75 to 79 years of age, and group D was ≥80 years of age. They were also divided into four groups according to PP levels: PP1 group ≤40 mm Hg, PP2 group 41 to 60 mm Hg, PP3 group 61 to 80 mm Hg, and PP4 group>80 mm Hg. They were divided into LDL-C group 1 (≥2.6 mmol/L) and LDL-C group 2 (<2.6 mmol/L) according to their LDL-C levels. Distribution of different age groups in four PP groups and the effects of different levels of LDL-C on pulse pressure were analyzed. Results (1) The propor-tions of PP2 group among the four age groups were 59.41%, 48.84%, 55.45% and 51.67%. The proportions of PP4 a-mong the four age groups were 4.95%, 3.88%, 3.96% and 7.50%. (2) Compared with PP1 group, the proportion of LDL-C ≥2.6 mmol/L in PP2 group, PP3 group and PP4 group was significantly increased. Conclusion (1) PP levels in different ages groups are concentrated on 41-60 mmHg. Among elderly patients with hypertension>80 mmHg, the pro-portion of patients with advanced age (≥years of age) is relatively higher. (2) LDL-C is the risk factor of increased pulse pressure for elderly patients with hypertension.