AIM To study the protective effects of vesnarinone on myocardial ischemia. METHODS Rat myocardial oxide nitric (NO) content, protein kinase C (PKC) activities in different groups were determined by kits. RESULTS Vesnarinone 1 mg?kg -1 or 2 mg?kg -1 iv markedly improved the NO content and PKC activity before ischemia for 30 min and reperfusion for 2 h in rats. CONCLUSION Vesnarinone possesses a protective effect against myocardial ischemia via NO induce PKC.

AIM To study the effect of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis on serum IL-1? and TNF-? level of rheumatoid arthritis rats, as well as its mechanism. METHODS An experimental type Ⅱ collagen-induced arthritic rats was established. The inhibitory effects on paw edema were observed, and serum IL-1? and TNF-? levels were determined in experimental rats. RESULTS Compared with models, Gardenia jasminoides Ellis inhibited paw edema on rats significantly, and the levels of serum IL-1? and TNF-? showed markedly decrease by Gardenia jasminoides Ellis at high dose to medium dose( P

ObjectiveTo assess the value of the Beijing version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment ( MoCA) in community dwelling older adults residing in Shenyang,China.MethodsThe stratified random sampling method was used to investigate the population over 60 years old in 4 communities of Shenyang in the year 2011.Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Beijing version of MoCA were administered to all participants.258 old people finished the assessment.ResultsThe internal consistency of the MoCA Beijing version was good,yielding a Cronbach alpha of 0.836.The correlation between the MoCA Beijing version and the MMSE was good(r=0.623,P＜0.001 ).Only 15.1％ participants had an education of over 12 years,but 26.3％ participants had an education of 6 years or less.Only 3 items of MoCA Beijing version ( naming lion,forward digit span,recall daisy)showednosignificantdifferencebetweenpersonswithandwithoutover 6yearsofeducation.ConclusionsThe results indicates that the Beijing version of MoCA have good reliability and validity.This study shows that an education of 6 years or less might be the proper population to add the one point in China,and the cutoff-point of 26 for normal is too high for Chinese population.

Ph.D candidate education is the highest level of higher education. Training model of Ph.D candidate in Medical College of Georgia and University of Manitoba)has vivid characters compared with that in China,which is reflected by the training objective,qualification of students and tutors,culti-vating procedures and admission requirements for graduation. This kind of cultivating model performs stringent selection and can gradually pick out persons who are really fit for the scientific research. Ph.D candidate quality in the two universities is guaranteed by systemic and deep courses learning,immediate update of knowledge and strict evaluation system. The goal of this article is to provide experience and ref-erence for improving the education quality of medical Ph.D candidates in China.

Objective: To observe the morphologic changes of pituitary adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) cells in Wistar rats at different altitudes, and clarify the mechanism of stress reaction to hypoxia in ACTH cells. Methods: Wistar rats were divided into three groups and moved to different altitudes (1700 m, 3100 m, 4050 m). After 12 days, changes of ACTH cells were observed by using immunohistochemisty, image analysis and electron microscopy. Results:The ratio (R) of immunoreactive cell area to scanned area and mean optical density (A) increased at higher altitude with statistically different R values between groups of 1700 m and 4050 m (P

In China,few research findings in basic medicine could be translated to clinical practice,which is known as the disconnection between basic research and clinical application.Such phenomenon is mainly due to lack of ability in translational medicine,particularly,lack of training in clinical research and translational medicine.Now the emergence of translational medicine has put forward new requirements for graduate education in medical school,and demanding that the patient-centered concept be strengthened.As the major force of scientific and technological innovation,graduate students should receive long-term systematic trainings and conduct original researches.In addition,advanced courses in clinical research and translational medicine should be offered to graduate students ;furthermore,translation research platforms should be built up for them so as to improve the capacity of scientific research and innovation.

Objective To explore whether major depressive disorder（MDD）and the therapeutic effect of fluoxetine are related to a functional polymorphism-1019C/G in the promoter region of the 5-HT1A receptor（HTR1A）gene.Methods Genotype and allele frequencies of HTR1A receptor gene-1019C/G polymorphism in MDD patients and healthy subjects（control）were examined by PCR-RFLP technique.Before and after the MDD patients accepted fluoxetine treatment for 6 weeks,17-item Hamilton depression rating scales（HAMD）were made to determine the severity of the symptoms,the outcome and remission status.Results There were significant differences in-1019C/G gene genotypes and alleles distribution between the patients and the healthy control,G allele frequency of the MDD patient was higher than that of the healthy control（P 0.05）.There were significant differences in HAMD scores among the patients with different genotypes in MDD group（P 0.05）,the score of C/C genotype patient was especially higher than that of C/G genotype（P 0.05）and G/G genotype patient（P =0.008）.There was no statistical difference in the therapeutic effect of fluoxetine among the patients with different genotypes in MDD group（P =0.761）.Conclusion HTR1A gene-1019C/G genetic polymorphism might related to MDD,especially G allele might be the possible risk factor of MDD.C allele might be correlated with the degree of pathogenetic severity,especially patients with the-1019C/C carriers.-1019C/G genetic polymorphism was not related to the clinical outcome of MDD patients treated with fluoxetine.

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of geniposide-acid(GA) on the anti-inflammatory action for adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) rats and the proliferation of synoviocytes in AA rats and the feasible mechanism of apoptosis in vitro.

METHODForty-eight health male Wistar rats were divided randomly into six groups and were administered respectively with 200, 100, 50 mg x kg(-1) GA and 0.75 mg x kg(-1) MTX and normal sodium (normal or model control group) for four weeks when right posterior paw pads of rats excluding normal control group were injected intrademally with complete Freund's adjuvant after 19 days. The left posterior paws swelling degree, swelling inhibition ratio and arthritis index of secondary inflamation were detected. The TNF-alpha and IL-1beta proteins in serum of rats were assayed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. The synovial fibroblasts of AA rats were exposed to 1-4 micromol x L(-1) GA or 4 micromol x L(-1) MTX. The effect of GA on the proliferation of synoviocytes was detected by MTT assay. The morphologic change of apoptosis cells was observed by Hoechst/PI double stainning and fluorescence microscope. The rate of apoptosis cells was analyzed by flow cytometry. The mRNA expresstion of Bcl-2 and Bax gene was detected by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR).

RESULT200 mg kg(-1) or 100 mg kg(-1) GA could decrease significantly the paw swelling degree, arthritis index and the level of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta proteins in serum of AA rats (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) with 25.4%, 21.37% of the swelling inhibition ratio respectivly, 34.61%, 28% of protein inhibition ratio of TNF-alpha and 29.05%, 21.65% of that of IL-1beta. GA(1-4 micromol x L(-1)) inhibitated significantly the proliferation of synoviocytes culcured for 5 days. Flow cytometry showed that 1, 2, 4 micromol x L(-1) GA increased obviously the rate of apoptosis cells, the apoptosis ratios were 15.8%, 24.3%, 40.7% respectivly (P < 0.01). RT-PCR showed GA could decrease the expression level of Bcl-2 gene but increase that of Bax gene (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONGA could inhibit the secondary inflamation of AA rats and decrease the level of TNF-alpha and IL-1beta protein in the AA rats serum. GA could inhibit the proliferation of AA rat synoviocytes in vitro and induce apoptosis which mechanism was concerned with down-regulating the mRNA expression of Bcl-2 and up-regulating that of Bax.

Animals ; Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; administration & dosage ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Arthritis, Experimental ; chemically induced ; drug therapy ; immunology ; physiopathology ; Cytokines ; immunology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Freund's Adjuvant ; adverse effects ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Iridoid Glucosides ; Iridoids ; administration & dosage ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Synovial Fluid ; cytology ; drug effects ; immunology

At present the shortage of the resources of wild and rare medicinal plants is very serious in China. So grasping the situation and change tendency of medicinal plant resources comprehensive and real-timely, is vital significance to realize the sustainable using of medicinal plant resources. In order to use the remote sensing monitor technology and method to study the resources of the wild and rare medicinal plants, this article discusses the principle, method, technology and the principle and standard based on the operation and experiment of remote sensing monitor on the resources of wild rare medicinal plant.
China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; methods ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Satellite Communications

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative rehabilitation approaches based on the concept of Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) for pelvic fractures.Methods:A prospective randomized control trial was conducted to include 114 emergency patients who had been admitted to Department of Orthopaedic Trauma, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital for surgical treatment of pelvic fractures from June 2019 to December 2020. Of them, 57 were assigned into an intervention group according to a random digits table. They were 42 males and 15 females, aged from 18 to 77 years and subjected to management of pelvic fractures with tentative perioperative ERAS approaches which were adjusted at different stages. The other random 57 patients were assigned into a control group. They were 40 males and 17 females, aged from 17 to 70 years and subjected to management of pelvic fractures with conventional rehabilitation approaches which included postoperative in-hospital consultation and guidance by rehabilitation physicians. The 2 groups were compared in terms of Majeed pelvis scores and Barthel indexes at postoperative 2, 6, 12 and 24 weeks, and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores and SF36 scores at postoperative 12 and 24 weeks.Results:A total of 105 patients (55 in the intervention group and 50 in the control group) were completely followed up for 151 to 254 d (mean, 177 d). The 2 groups were comparable due to no significant difference between them in the preoperative general data ( P>0.05). The Majeed scores (44±13, 67±16, 86±14 and 98±7) and Barthel indexes (57±13, 79±16, 95±8 and 100±2) at postoperative 2, 6, 12 and 24 weeks in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group [(35±16, 51±16, 73±14 and 91±12) and (45±19, 67±18, 86±12 and 98±4)] (all P<0.05). At postoperative 12 and 24 weeks, the SF-36 scores (129±15 and 141±6) in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group (114±15 and 131±12) ( P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the pain degree between the 2 groups ( P>0.05). Conclusion:In management of pelvic fractures, compared with conventional perioperative rehabilitation approaches, the perioperative ERAS rehabilitation approaches may improve early functional outcomes and thus help the patients restore their activities of daily living earlier.